Comparative clinical pharmacology of amoxicillin and ampicillin administered orally.
Ampicillin and amoxicillin (alpha-amino-p-hydroxybenzyl penicillin) were administered orally in 500-mg doses to eight fasting volunteers in a comparative study in which pharmacokinetic techniques were used. The absorption of amoxicillin was significantly better, as demonstrated by a higher mean peak serum concentration of 7.6 mug/ml as compared to 3.2 mug/ml for ampicillin, an average "area under the curve" that was approximately double that of ampicillin, and an 8-hr urinary recovery for amoxicillin of 60% as compared to 34% for ampicillin. Serum half-lives were the same for the two antibiotics, with values of 60.3 (+/-3.3) min for ampicillin and 61.3 (+/-5.6) min for amoxicillin. The latter drug gave measurable concentrations in the blood at 8 hr in all of eight volunteers, as compared to only three of eight with ampicillin.
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male
D000667:Ampicillin; D000658:Amoxicillin