title: Effects of vagotomy, atropine, hexamethonium and adrenaline on the destination in the stomach of liquids sucked by milk-fed lambs and calves.
abstract: 1. The normal passage to the abomasum of liquid sucked by lambs and calves was confirmed in radiographic studies to be changed to passage of liquid to the reticulum and rumen after cervical or abdominal vagotomy.2. The effects of hexamethonium (8-10 mg kg(-1) I.V.) were similar to those of vagotomy.3. Atropine (200-800 mug kg(-1) I.V.) had either no detectable effect on the destination in the stomach of liquid sucked by lambs or caused a partial failure of the reticular groove mechanism.4. Fluid sucked by lambs passed wholly to the abomasum after adrenaline (5-40 mug kg(-1) I.V.).5. Atropine and adrenaline caused a greater dysfunction of the reticular groove mechanisms in calves than in lambs.6. Contraction of the reticular groove was observed via rumen fistulae in three lambs. Eversion of the caudal oesophagus into the reticulum which occurred when saliva was swallowed into the reticulum and rumen was not observed when liquids were sucked from a bottle.7. The continued passage to the abomasum of sucked liquid in atropinized lambs has been taken as an indication of the importance of caudal oesophageal reactions, tonic activity of the reticular groove and the atropine-resistant vagally induced opening of the reticulo-omasal orifice in the reticular groove mechanism.
mesh_terms: D000018:Abomasum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D003287:Contrast Media; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006584:Hexamethonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008892:Milk; D011859:Radiography; D012159:Reticulum / Q000502:physiology; D012417:Rumen / Q000502:physiology; D012756:Sheep; D013279:Stomach, Ruminant / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014628:Vagotomy
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D006584:Hexamethonium Compounds; D001285:Atropine; D004837:Epinephrine