title: Survival and outgrowth of Clostridium botulinum type E spores in smoked fish.
abstract: Chub injected in the loin muscle with 10(6)Clostridium botulinum type E spores were smoked to an internal temperature of 180 F (82.2 C) for 30 min, sealed in plastic bags, and incubated at room temperature (20 to 25 C) for 7 days. Viable type E spores were found in practically all such fish. Toxin formation by the survivors in the smoked fish was dependent on the brine concentration of the smoked fish. A brine concentration of 3% or higher, as measured in the loin muscle, inhibited toxin formation. Six different type E strains gave similar results. Only a few hundred of the million spores in the inoculum survived the smoking. Moisture in the atmosphere during smoking did not reduce the incidence of fish with type E survivors.
mesh_terms: D003014:Clostridium botulinum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005396:Fish Products; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013170:Spores / Q000254:growth & development; D014118:Toxins, Biological / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D014118:Toxins, Biological; D012965:Sodium Chloride