title: Codeine and its alternates for pain and cough relief. 2. Alternates for pain relief.
abstract: This report-the second of a series on codeine and its alternates for pain and cough relief-contains a detailed evaluation of experimental and clinical data on newer substances having analgesic properties comparable to and in approximately the same range as those of codeine. The data are discussed under the headings: analgesic effects in animals; clinical usefulness; side-effects with particular reference to dependence and abuse liability.
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000996:Antitussive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001381:Azepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002328:Carisoprodol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002415:Cats; D002645:Chickens; D003061:Codeine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003371:Cough / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003496:Cyclazocine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011431:Dextropropoxyphene / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004158:Diphenylacetic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004285:Dogs; D004372:Ducks; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D007192:Indenes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007211:Indoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D009019:Morphinans / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009269:Nalorphine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010423:Pentazocine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010627:Phenethylamines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000700:Analgesics; D000996:Antitussive Agents; D001381:Azepines; D004158:Diphenylacetic Acids; D007192:Indenes; D007211:Indoles; D007546:Isoquinolines; D009019:Morphinans; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D010627:Phenethylamines; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D002328:Carisoprodol; D013792:Thalidomide; D003496:Cyclazocine; D010423:Pentazocine; D011431:Dextropropoxyphene; D009269:Nalorphine; D003061:Codeine