title: Foam separation of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis var. niger.
abstract: An experimental investigation established the effect of the presence of inorganic salts on the foam separation of Pseudomonas fluorescens and of Bacillus subtilis var. niger (B. globigii) from aqueous suspension by use of a cationic surfactant. For P. fluorescens, 5.0 mueq/ml of NaCl, KCl, Na(2)SO(4), K(2)SO(4), CaCl(2), CaSO(4), MgCl(2), or MgSO(4) produced increases in the cell concentration in the residual suspension (not carried into the foam) from 2.9 x 10(5) up to 1.6 x 10(6) to 2.8 x 10(7) cells per milliliter (initial suspensions contain from 3.3 x 10(7) to 4.8 x 10(7) cells per milliliter). The exceptional influence of magnesium was overcome by bringing the cells into contact first with the surfactant and then the salt. For B. subtilis, the presence of 5.0 mueq/ml of any of the eight salts increased the residual cell concentration by one order of magnitude from 1.2 x 10(4) to about 4.0 x 10(5) cells per milliliter. This occurred regardless of the sequence of contact as long as the surfactant contact period was sufficient. The presence of salts increased collapsed foam volumes with P. fluorescens and decreased collapsed foam volumes with B. subtilis.
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014871:Water Microbiology / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate; D008274:Magnesium; D002122:Calcium Chloride; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium