title: [Introduction to the problems of the symposium on moderate encephalopathies in young children].
abstract: Two reasons have decided of the choice of the thema: The intention to stressing the clinical aspect of the psychiatry of children and the frequency of the encephalopathy under different form. These problems have become a social calamity and demand urgently social prevention, therapy and rehabilitation. The priority of psychoanalysis in certain countries causes the underestimation of the organic basis which, since, at very beginning of individual life contributes to change the reactivity of the individual. A great number of psychic disorders traditionally considered as psychogenic might have a source in minimal, subclinical alterations of the brain tissue caused by various etiological factors. From a biological point of view the individual biography does not start in the moment of birth but at conception. The secret of psychic health is hidden in the genetic elements of life. All the aspects of individual development have their value in regard to modern psychiatric diagnosis. In spite of the immense progress in the diagnostic skill, it is difficult to discover the remote causes. We can only approach to an ideal using the clinical methods: PEG, EEG, arteriography and others. Thanks to these examinations oligophreny, epilepsy and other diseases are no more nosological units but symptomatological or syndromological notions with various etiology and localisation. Different authors suppose different localisation of alterations causing erethism. A part of the brain may be damaged but the principle of the brain synergy as a whole is obligatory. Our researches have contributed to liquidate almost entirely the ancient conception of psychopathy. Our material enabled us to classify character disorders into 4 categories: Constitutionally conditioned psychopaths, sociopaths, homilopaths whose character disorders are the consequence of contact difficulties with their environment because of their infirmity, Characteropaths which represent character disturbances caused by organic brain defects. The diagnostic criteria are not psychopathologic but somato-clinical. The psychopaths' quantity decreases in dependence of exactitude of our methods. The morbid reactivity of characteropathic children exposes them to secondary neurotisation and sociopathisation. Our traditional opinions concerning hysteria and obsessive neurosis should undergo radical supervision: severe cases have a basis in a organic brain damage. These examples throw light on the etioepigenesis phenomena, i.e. on the stratification of functional psychotic or neurotic syndromes on a psychoorganic substratum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D002605:Character; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D019965:Neurocognitive Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology
vernacular_title: Einführung in die Problematik des Symposions.