title: Pharmacological studies on the hypogastric ganglion of the rat and guinea-pig.
abstract: 1. Preparations were developed whereby the hypogastric ganglion of the rat or guinea-pig was perfused through its vasculature with saline solutions. Drugs were injected into the perfusion stream, and their effects were indicated by contractions of the vas deferens. The base of this organ could be ligated to prevent the drugs reaching the smooth muscle via the blood vessels. For comparison, experiments were also performed on fully isolated preparations of the rat and guinea-pig hypogastric nerve-vas deferens, where the vas deferens was held in an inner bath, so that drugs added to the outer bath could act only on the ganglion. Attempts were made to demonstrate non-nicotinic receptors in these preparations.2. It was shown that the perfused hypogastric ganglion of the guinea-pig would respond repeatedly to several nicotinic stimulants, though autodesensitization eventually occurred. The fully isolated preparation behaved similarly, but desensitized much more rapidly. In contrast, the rat ganglion, either perfused or fully isolated, was remarkably insensitive to nicotinic stimulant drugs.3. Neither species responded well to non-nicotinic stimulants; that from the guinea-pig gave small contractions to methacholine in about 33% of cases, but did not respond to (4-m-chlorophenyl-carbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl trimethylammonium chloride (McN-A-343). With the rat, the situation was opposite.4. The guinea-pig ganglion did not become more sensitive to non-nicotinic stimulants after some treatments known to sensitize the cat superior cervical ganglion. These include preganglionic tetanization, chronic decentralization, and removal of all potassium. Sensitization did occur, however, in the presence of physostigmine, after tachyphylaxis to dimethyl phenyl piperazinium iodide (DMPP) had developed, and when the preparation was perfused with a suspension of washed erythrocytes.5. It is concluded that the responses of sympathetic ganglia vary from one species to another, and according to whether the organs are perfused or fully isolated.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002219:Carbamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D003888:Desensitization, Immunologic; D004246:Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004912:Erythrocytes; D005731:Ganglionic Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007001:Hypogastric Plexus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D008688:Methacholine Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010477:Perfusion; D010830:Physostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D013045:Species Specificity; D013618:Tachyphylaxis; D014649:Vas Deferens / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002219:Carbamates; D005731:Ganglionic Stimulants; D008688:Methacholine Compounds; D010879:Piperazines; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D004246:Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; D009538:Nicotine; D010830:Physostigmine; D011188:Potassium