title: Behavioral maintenance of high concentrations of blood ethanol and physical dependence in the rat.
abstract: Rats maintained on an intermittent food schedule with an available ethanol solution drink to excess (13.1 grams of ethanol per kilogram of body weight, daily). Removal of ethanol produces symptoms of physical dependence including death from tonic-clonic seizures. Overindulgence in oral self-administration of an aqueous ethanol solution, resulting in unequivocal physical dependence, approximates a model of human alcoholism.
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000437:Alcoholism; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004327:Drinking Behavior; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol