title: Control of Penicillium martensii development and penicillic acid production by atmospheric gases and temperatures.
abstract: The effects of various gaseous environments and temperatures on development of Penicillium martensii NRRL 3612 and production of penicillic acid (PA) were determined. Accumulation of PA in mold-inoculated corn was measured following incubation under air; 20% CO(2), 20% O(2), 60% N(2); 40% CO(2), 20% O(2), 40% N(2); and 60% CO(2), 20% O(2), 20% N(2). Although reduced temperature initially inhibited PA production, at the end of the trial the largest quantity of PA (120 mug/g of corn) was found in air-incubated corn at the lowest test temperature (5 C). Atmospheres enriched with 60% CO(2) reduced PA accumulation below a detectable level at 5 and 10 C after a 4-week incubation period. Spore germination tests were carried out in a liquid growth medium incubated for 16 hr under several test conditions. Germ tube outgrowth at 30 C ranged from 36% in air to 2% in 60% CO(2), whereas no germination was observed in CO(2)-enriched gases at 10 C. When spore respiration rates were measured in air and O(2) in a liquid growth medium, complete removal of CO(2) from the reaction atmosphere did not reduce O(2) uptake.
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D002208:Caproates / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D003470:Culture Media; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005740:Gases; D008365:Manometry; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010407:Penicillium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D002208:Caproates; D003470:Culture Media; D005740:Gases; D009183:Mycotoxins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen