title: Alcohol dependence produced in mice by inhalation of ethanol: grading the withdrawal reaction.
abstract: Intoxicating blood levels of ethanol are maintained for several days in mice housed in an atmosphere of ethanol vapor. On removal from the alcohol, all the mice develop withdrawal signs. The signs can be graded to indicate the time course and intensity of the withdrawal reaction.
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000209:etiology*; D000818:Animals; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D011720:Pyrazoles; D000431:Ethanol