title: Regional and subcellular changes in the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the rat brain caused by hydrocortisone, DL- -methyl-tryptophan l-kynurenine and immobilization.
abstract: 1. In agreement with previous findings on whole brain, the intraperitoneal injection of hydrocortisone, DL-alpha-methyltryptophan or L-kynurenine decreased the concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in different regions of the rat brain.2. Hydrocortisone caused similar decreases in the concentrations of both 5-HT and 5-HIAA, suggesting decreased 5-HT synthesis.3. Changes in the concentration of 5-HIAA after hydrocortisone corresponded significantly to those after alpha-methyltryptophan. Changes in the concentration of 5-HT did not correspond, possibly due to falsely high 5-HT values because of interfering material derived from alpha-methyltryptophan.4. In general, kynurenine caused larger decreases in the concentration of 5-HT than in the concentration of 5-HIAA.5. In agreement with previous findings with whole brain, immobilization of rats for 5 h decreased the concentration of 5-HT and increased that of 5-HIAA in most brain regions.6. The order of the percentage decreases in the concentrations of 5-HIAA 6 h after hydrocortisone injection was, in decreasing order: hypothalamus, striatum, cerebellum, mid-brain, pons + medulla and cortex. The percentage increases after immobilization for 5 h were in the reverse order.7. The differences between the percentage decreases in the concentration of 5-HIAA after hydrocortisone and the percentage increases after immobilization were very similar in all regions except the hypothalamus. This is consistent with immobilization stress increasing the firing rate of 5-hydroxytryptaminergic neurones similarly in different regions.8. During the first 3 h of immobilization the concentrations of 5-HIAA in the hypothalamus and in the rest of the brain increased approximately in parallel. Between 3 and 5 h, 5-HIAA returned to control concentrations in the hypothalamus while continuing to rise in the rest of the brain.9. Relative changes in the concentration of 5-HT in particulate and supernatant fractions after the various treatments were comparable except 2 h after kynurenine injection when the concentration 5-HT fell in the particulate but not in the supernatant fraction. The concentration of 5-HT did fall in the latter, though more slowly than in the former fraction, suggesting a concentration of amine synthesizing organelles in particulate material.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000032:analysis; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000032:analysis; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000032:analysis; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000032:analysis; D007103:Immobilization; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007737:Kynurenine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000032:analysis; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000032:analysis; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D011149:Pons / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D012701:Serotonin / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D012701:Serotonin; D007737:Kynurenine; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; D006854:Hydrocortisone