The vicious circle phenomenon: a result of measurement artifact.
D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning; D003214:Conditioning, Classical; D004597:Electroshock; D004924:Escape Reaction; D005108:Extinction, Psychological; D005239:Fear; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D011336:Probability; D011678:Punishment; D051381:Rats; D011930:Reaction Time