Cholelithiasis in Singapore. I. A necropsy study.
The present necropsy study shows an oriental pattern of gallstone disease in Singapore, namely, a relatively low overall frequency, an equal involvement of both sexes, a high proportion of pigment stones, and the common occurrence of choledocholithiasis associated with pyogenic cholangitis. There is a close association between opium addiction and cholelithiasis in the adult male Chinese in Singapore, and the long-term abuse of opium may be an important aetiological factor in the pathogenesis of oriental cholelithiasis.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000874:Anthracosilicosis / Q000473:pathology; D001344:Autopsy; D002761:Cholangitis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009892:Opium; D012846:Singapore; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications
D009892:Opium