title: Human transforming growth factor-alpha: precursor structure and expression in E. coli.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) is secreted by many human tumors and can induce the reversible transformation of nontransformed cell lines. Using long synthetic deoxyoligonucleotides as hybridization probes we isolated an exon coding for a portion of TGF-alpha from a human genomic DNA library. Utilizing this exon as a probe, a cell line derived from a human renal cell carcinoma was identified as a source of TGF-alpha mRNA. A cloned TGF-alpha cDNA was isolated from a cDNA library prepared using RNA from this cell line, and was found to encode a precursor polypeptide of 160 amino acids. The 50 amino acid mature TGF-alpha produced by expression of the appropriate coding sequence in E. coli binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor and induces the anchorage independence of normal mammalian cells in culture.
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics*; D005796:Genes; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010957:Plasmids; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors; D004247:DNA; D066246:ErbB Receptors