Parallel reduction of calcium-influx-dependent vasoconstriction and platelet-free calcium concentration with calcium entry and beta-adrenoceptor blockade.
In essential hypertension, calcium-influx-dependent vasoconstriction is enhanced, and free calcium concentration in platelets is elevated. To investigate calcium-influx-dependent vasoconstriction as related to platelet calcium concentration blood pressure, forearm blood flow (FAF) and free calcium concentration in platelets were measured in five patients with essential hypertension before and after a 6-week treatment with nitrendipine or acebutolol. Starting from comparable basal values, the increase in FAF (ml/min/100 ml tissue) to intraarterially infused nitrendipine (20 micrograms/100 ml tissue) was 40.7 +/- 6.1 before and 30.7 +/- 12.3 after chronic nitrendipine treatment (p less than 0.05) and 41.6 +/- 6.2 before and 34.6 +/- 14.9 after chronic acebutolol treatment. The "nonspecific" vasodilator response to intraarterial sodium nitroprusside or to postischaemic reperfusion were similar before and during treatment. Platelet-free calcium concentration fell on nitrendipine (p less than 0.05) and on acebutolol (p less than 0.01) treatment. Antihypertensive treatment with calcium entry as well as beta-adrenoceptor blockade resulted in a reduction of calcium-influx-dependent vasoconstriction and a fall in free calcium concentration in platelets. Thus, increased calcium platelets may reflect increased calcium in vascular smooth muscle cells and arteriolar tone.
D000070:Acebutolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009568:Nitrendipine; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D009599:Nitroprusside; D000070:Acebutolol; D009568:Nitrendipine; D012083:Renin; D009543:Nifedipine; D002118:Calcium; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine