Some recent pharmacological findings with nitrendipine.
The available evidence indicates that nitrendipine and other dihydropyridines with a similar pharmacological action exert their therapeutic effects by inhibiting Ca2+ channels. In our recent experiments, nitrendipine was shown to block K+-stimulated 45Ca2+ uptake and K+-induced contractions of isolated rabbit aortic rings. Its IC50 were 4.7 and 8.9 nM for inhibition of Ca2+ uptake and of contractions, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two values. At higher concentrations, nitrendipine also reduced norepinephrine-induced 45Ca2+ uptake and norepinephrine-induced contractions of rabbit aortic strips. The norepinephrine-induced contractions were only slightly (21%) reduced by nitrendipine at 10 microM. Nitrendipine at 10 nM and higher concentrations inhibited K+- or angiotensin-II-(AII) induced release of aldosterone from isolated bovine adrenal glomerulosa cells. The drug was more potent and more effective in inhibiting K+- than AII-induced aldosterone release. Dantrolene, 25 microM, enhanced the inhibitory activity of nitrendipine on AII-stimulated aldosterone release. Acute renal failure produced by either glycerol or gentamicin in rats was antagonized by nitrendipine at oral doses of 15-25 mg/kg/day. Our studies confirmed previously reported observations that the usefulness of nitrendipine in the treatment of hypertension may be determined not only by its vasodilator action. We demonstrated that nitrendipine has a direct inhibitory effect on the release of aldosterone from adrenal glomerular cells. In addition to a previously described diuretic action, nitrendipine was shown to have renal cytoprotective activity.
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000503:physiopathology; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000378:metabolism; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002132:Calcium Radioisotopes; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000494:pharmacology; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009568:Nitrendipine; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D002132:Calcium Radioisotopes; D005839:Gentamicins; D000804:Angiotensin II; D000450:Aldosterone; D009568:Nitrendipine; D009543:Nifedipine; D005990:Glycerol; D002118:Calcium; D009638:Norepinephrine