title: Effect of carbon monoxide on fermentation of fiber, starch, and amino acids by mixed rumen microorganisms in vitro.
abstract: When 1 atm (101.3 kPa) of carbon monoxide was added to mixed rumen bacterial incubations containing timothy hay, methane production was inhibited by 88% without an increase in hydrogen. The molar ratio of propionate to acetate increased from 0.83 to 1.53, extracellular ammonia declined from 5.2 to 2.4 mM, and hemicellulose and cellulose digestions were inhibited by 40 and 27%, respectively. Even low levels of carbon monoxide (less than 0.1 atm [10.13 kPa]) significantly changed the products of fermentation. With starch, methane production was once again inhibited, but the magnitude of starch fermentation was unaffected. Decrease in acetate was accompanied by an equal molar increase in lactate. Ammonia production from the amino acid source, Trypticase, declined 20% as carbon monoxide was increased to 1.0 atm, and 93% of this decrease was explained by a selective inhibition of branched-chain amino acid fermentation.
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism; D012417:Rumen / Q000382:microbiology*; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D000641:Ammonia; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D006859:Hydrogen; D013213:Starch; D008697:Methane