[Failure to activate Epstein-Barr virus genome in a latently-infected human lymphoblastoid cell line with urine containing a bladder carcinogenesis promoter].
We assessed the possibility to detect promoters of bladder carcinogenesis by a short-term in vitro assay utilizing the activation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) expression in EBV genome-carrying human lymphoblastoid cells. This system is composed of EBV-nonproducer Raji cells as the indicator, n-butyrate as the EBV-inducer and the test substance. None of eight known bladder carcinogens (2-naphthylamine, 2-acetylaminofluorene, N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine, N-butyl-N-(3-carboxypropyl) nitrosamine, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl] formamide, benzidine, cyclophosphamide) or five promoters (sodium saccharin, sodium cyclamate, urea, allopurinol, DL-tryptophan) were detected by this system. Normal urine from 20 rats did not activate the EBV genome. Neither the 0.45 micron membrane filtrates nor ether extracts of urine obtained from rats given one of 4 bladder carcinogens, 4 promoters or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate reacted with this system, whereas those from rats given either vincristine or vinblastine did, although their activity for promoting bladder carcinogenesis is not known. Urine samples from 42 patients with bladder cancers, when tested as filtrates, ether extracts or XAD-2 resin adsorbates, did not activate EBV expression. These results suggest that EBV-activating substances contribute little to promotion of bladder carcinogenesis and that this test might not be applicable for screening of tumor promoters in urine.
D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000652:urine*; D002460:Cell Line; D005260:Female; D005814:Genes, Viral; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000382:microbiology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D014775:Virus Activation
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D002273:Carcinogens; C033305:Epstein-Barr virus early antigen