title: Studies on the mechanism of toxicity of the mycotoxin sporidesmin. 2--Evidence for intracellular generation of superoxide radical from sporidesmin.
abstract: Formation of hydrogen peroxide, the dismutation product of superoxide radical, has been demonstrated in erythrocytes incubated with the mycotoxin sporidesmin. Erythrocytic thiols, both non-protein and protein-bound, were depleted in the presence of sporidesmin, whilst haemoglobin was oxidized to methaemoglobin. Irreversible haemoglobin oxidation also occurred in these cells, shown by the formation of Heinz bodies; purified haemoglobin likewise suffered oxidative damage when incubated with sporidesmin in the presence of glutathione. Sporidesmin has previously been shown to generate superoxide radical in vitro; the erythrocytic changes induced by the mycotoxin, which are characteristically produced by compounds which generate 'active oxygen' species, suggest that it is also capable of generating this radical intracellularly.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006366:Heinz Bodies / Q000378:metabolism; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000097:blood; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007211:Indoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D008706:Methemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013173:Sporidesmins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D007211:Indoles; D013173:Sporidesmins; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D013481:Superoxides; D008706:Methemoglobin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005978:Glutathione; C001873:sporidesmin