title: Renal alpha adrenoceptors.
abstract: The alpha adrenoceptors modulate renal blood flow, electrolyte balance, and metabolism. In most species both alpha 1 and alpha 2 subtypes are present. The alpha 1 adrenoceptors control blood flow and increase sodium reabsorption and gluconeogenesis. Radioligand studies indicate that the majority of alpha 1 adrenoceptors are located on proximal tubules. The alpha 2 adrenoceptors inhibit adenylate cyclase, and their density varies among species as do the molecular characteristics. In rat but not guinea pig some alpha 2 adrenoceptors are associated with glomeruli, but in both species most receptors are found on proximal tubules.
mesh_terms: D000067956:Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D006439:Hemodynamics; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000502:physiology; D007700:Kinetics; D011224:Prazosin / Q000378:metabolism; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha / Q000502:physiology*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012079:Renal Circulation; D012083:Renin / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000067956:Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; D015016:Yohimbine; D012083:Renin; D011224:Prazosin