title: Neurotransmitters decrease the calcium conductance activated by depolarization of embryonic chick sensory neurones.
abstract: Several neurotransmitters including noradrenaline (NA), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin (5-HT), and also certain peptides, decrease the duration of the Na+-Ca2+ action potential recorded in cell bodies of embryonic chick dorsal root ganglion neurones maintained in cell culture. To determine if these agents decreased action potential duration by affecting Ca2+ channels (inward current) or K+ channels (outward current) membrane currents were recorded in voltage-clamped sensory neurone somata. 1. Depolarization produced a prominent inward Na+ current and a smaller and slower inward Ca2+ current (ICa). The inactivation of ICa was not simply dependent on membrane potential but apparently required prior entry of Ca2+. Two components of outward current, voltage-activated and Ca2+-activated, were evident in most cells. 2. The effect of NA, and also of GABA and 5-HT, was shown to result from a direct effect on ICa because: NA decreased the TTX-resistant tail current recorded at EK and also the inward current recorded in the presence of 125 mM-TEA and TTX (in which Na+ and K+ currents were blocked). 3. The decrease in ICa is most likely due to an effect on the number of available Ca2+ channels and/or the single Ca2+ channel conductance rather than to a shift in either the kinetics of channel activation or the Ca2+ equilibrium potential. 4. No effect of the several transmitters on the voltage-dependent Na+ and K+ currents was observed. 5. Implications of ICa modulation for the phenomenon of presynaptic inhibition are discussed.
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects; D007700:Kinetics; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000502:physiology*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012701:Serotonin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007473:Ion Channels; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D012701:Serotonin; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D002118:Calcium; D009638:Norepinephrine