title: Cefmenoxime pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers and subjects with renal insufficiency and on hemodialysis.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of cefmenoxime were characterized in five healthy volunteers and in 15 subjects with various degrees of renal insufficiency after a single 10-mg/kg, 5-min intravenous infusion. Five of these subjects were studied both on hemodialysis and during an interdialytic period. Plasma, urine and dialysate were assayed for cefmenoxime by a specific high-pressure liquid chromatographic assay. Peak plasma concentrations of cefmenoxime were ca. 94 micrograms/ml after completion of the infusion. The mean plasma and renal clearances in the healthy volunteers were 281 +/- 66 and 228 +/- 52 ml/min, respectively. Plasma clearance declined in patients with renal insufficiency and correlated significantly with creatine clearance. The mean apparent volume of distribution at steady state in the healthy volunteers was 0.23 liters/kg and was not found to be significantly different in subjects with renal insufficiency. The mean cumulative 24-h urinary recovery of cefmenoxime in healthy volunteers was 81% of the administered dose and decreased with reduced renal function. Cefmenoxine dosage should be reduced in proportion to the decline in creatinine clearance. A simple nomogram for dose selection is provided.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015281:Cefmenoxime; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine; D015281:Cefmenoxime; D002439:Cefotaxime