title: Physical and biological consequences of incorporation of antiviral agents into virus DNA.
abstract: The molecular basis for the antiviral activity is discussed for a variety of nucleoside compounds approved for clinical use in the U.S.A. (5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine, 5-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyuridine, 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine), or in clinical trial (E-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine, 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinosyl)-5-iodocytosine, 1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide), or of specific interest to our laboratory (5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine, 5'-amino-5'-deoxythymidine). The consequence of incorporation of idoxuridine, the 5'-amino analog of thymidine or the 5'-amino analog of idoxuridine into the DNA of herpes simplex virus type 1 on transcription and translation is emphasized.
mesh_terms: D000212:Acyclovir / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015224:Dideoxynucleosides; D007065:Idoxuridine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000494:pharmacology; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000187:drug effects; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013936:Thymidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D013942:Thymine Nucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014740:Vidarabine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D015224:Dideoxynucleosides; D013942:Thymine Nucleotides; D003561:Cytarabine; C024082:5'-amino-5'-deoxythymidine; C020235:brivudine; C009555:5-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate; C026023:fiacitabine; D012254:Ribavirin; C021283:5'-amino-5-iodo-2',5'-dideoxyuridine; D014740:Vidarabine; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D007065:Idoxuridine; D013936:Thymidine; D000212:Acyclovir