Plasma enalapril levels and hormonal effects after short- and long-term administration in essential hypertension.
Enalapril lowers blood pressure both acutely and during long-term therapy in patients with essential hypertension. After a single 10 mg dose of enalapril a close relationship between plasma enalaprilic acid (MK-422) levels, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and the acute hypotensive and hormonal effects was demonstrated. During long-term administration of enalapril, a similar relationship between the plasma enalaprilic acid level, ACE inhibition and the hypotensive effect was shown, although the dose-response curve for plasma enalaprilic acid to ACE inhibition was displaced to the right compared to the acute dose-response curve. Several weeks' administration of enalapril was needed to reach stable plateau levels of plasma enalaprilic acid and ACE inhibition. During long-term treatment with enalapril in essential hypertension, there was sustained inhibition of ACE and the associated hormonal changes.
D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000097:blood; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002216:Captopril / Q000494:pharmacology; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004656:Enalapril; D015773:Enalaprilat; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D004151:Dipeptides; D000804:Angiotensin II; D000450:Aldosterone; D004656:Enalapril; D002216:Captopril; D012083:Renin; D015773:Enalaprilat