title: Hepatocellular carcinoma with intra-atrial tumor growth. A clinicopathologic study of 18 autopsy cases.
abstract: We studied the features of 18 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with prominent intra-atrial tumor growth that were seen among 439 autopsy cases of HCC. Diuretic-resistant, marked edema in the lower extremities and marked venous dilatation in the abdominal wall were observed in 14 cases (77.7%) and five cases (27.7%), respectively. Consistent tachycardia was seen in three cases. Macroscopically, most of the cases showed an infiltrative or mixed (infiltrative and nodular) growth pattern. A continuous tumor thrombus involving the right atrium, the IVC, and the hepatic vein was seen in 15 cases; a tumor that involved the right atrium alone was present in three cases. In five cases, the tumor bolus crossed the tricuspid valve and entered the ventricle.
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000098:blood supply; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001344:Autopsy; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology*; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000473:pathology; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000473:pathology; D014680:Veins