title: The effect of calcium ions on the glutamate response and its desensitization in crayfish muscle fibres.
abstract: The responses of crayfish muscle fibres to bath application or long ionophoresis of L-glutamate were studied in normal and low Ca2+ solutions. The smaller responses recorded in low Ca2+ solutions have characteristics suggesting a faster desensitization. Desensitization and recovery have complex kinetics. Desensitization is faster and recovery slower when external Ca2+ concentration is reduced. Both components of the recovery phase, which can be fitted by the sum of two exponentials, are affected by the external Ca2+ concentration. Recovery can be accelerated by external Ca2+ ionophoresis onto desensitized glutamate receptors. Responses to brief glutamate pulses of low intensity are not affected by Ca2+ reduction. For higher intensities, signs of desensitization are detectable early in the rising phase of the response. Concanavalin A (Con A) blocks both desensitization and Ca2+ dependence with similar time courses. Whether or not the preparation has been treated with Con A, the slowly rising responses recorded in isotonic Ca2+ do not show signs of desensitization. Con A causes a partial blockade of the glutamate response. The Ca2+ dependence of the glutamate response can be explained by the Ca2+ dependence of the desensitization process, the cation acting at ectocellular sites of the muscle membrane.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003400:Astacoidea / Q000502:physiology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D005971:Glutamates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects; D007700:Kinetics; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D005971:Glutamates; D007473:Ion Channels; D003208:Concanavalin A; D002118:Calcium