Human xylazine overdose: a comparative review with clonidine, phenothiazines, and tricyclic antidepressants.
We report a case of horse tranquilizer (xylazine) overdose from oral ingestion in man, detail a gas-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometer method for xylazine assay in the blood and urine, and suggest the management of acute poisoning. We present a comparative review of some toxicological properties that xylazine shares with the pharmacologically related clonidine and with the structurally related phenothiazines and the tricyclic antidepressants.
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000506:poisoning; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000506:poisoning; D003000:Clonidine / Q000506:poisoning; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D010640:Phenothiazines; D013843:Thiazines / Q000506:poisoning*; D014730:Veterinary Medicine; D014991:Xylazine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000506:poisoning*
D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010640:Phenothiazines; D013843:Thiazines; D014991:Xylazine; D003000:Clonidine