title: Human glucagon-like peptides 1 and 2 activate rat brain adenylate cyclase.
abstract: Two human glucagon-like peptides, GLP-1 and GLP-2, which are coencoded with pancreatic glucagon in the preproglucagon gene, do not significantly inhibit [125I]monoiodoglucagon binding to rat liver and brain membranes and do not activate adenylate cyclase in liver plasma membranes. Nevertheless, GLP-1 and GLP-2 were each found to be potent stimulators of both rat hypothalamic and pituitary adenylate cyclase. Only 30-50 pM concentrations of each peptide elicited half-maximal adenylate cyclase stimulation. Our data suggest that GLP-1 and GLP-2 may be neurotransmitters and/or neuroendocrine effectors, which would account for their high degree of sequence conservation through vertebrate evolution.
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005934:Glucagon / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D053767:Glucagon-Like Peptide 2; D006801:Humans; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon
chemical_list: D053767:Glucagon-Like Peptide 2; D010455:Peptides; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon; C029482:iodoglucagon; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005934:Glucagon; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases