Common action of certain viruses, toxins, and activated complement: pore formation and its prevention by extracellular Ca2+.
Haemolysis by Sendai virus, alpha-toxin, and activated complement is inhibited by high concentrations of divalent cations. In Daudi cells, sublytic amounts of these agents induce the following changes: collapse of surface membrane potential, uptake of Na+ and loss of K+ from cells, and leakage of phosphorylated metabolites from cells. The changes induced by Sendai virus and complement are sensitive to physiological concentrations of extracellular Ca2+. It is concluded that fluctuations in plasma Ca2+ concentration may affect the damaging action of certain pore-forming agents on susceptible cells.
D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002051:Burkitt Lymphoma; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003016:Clostridium perfringens; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D015636:Magnesium Chloride; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D010222:Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human / Q000502:physiology*; D010738:Type C Phospholipases
D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D015636:Magnesium Chloride; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; C040649:alpha toxin, Clostridium perfringens; D008274:Magnesium; D002122:Calcium Chloride