title: Leukotriene B formation by neutrophils from essential fatty acid-deficient rats.
abstract: Analysis of neutrophil phospholipids from rats fed an essential fatty acid-deficient diet revealed a 33% reduction in arachidonate and a 90% reduction in linoleate compared to neutrophil phospholipids of rats fed a normal diet. The neutrophil phospholipids from rats fed the essential fatty acid-deficient diet also contained significant amounts of 5,8,11-eicosatrienoate, a fatty acid not found in the neutrophils of rats fed a normal diet. Analysis of the production of leukotrienes of the B series by ionophore-stimulated neutrophils from rats fed an essential fatty acid-deficient diet revealed a 87% reduction in leukotriene B4 compared to neutrophils from rats fed a normal diet even though the arachidonate content was reduced by only 34%. Essential fatty acid-deficient neutrophils converted endogenous 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid to leukotriene A3 and its nonenzymatic degradation products, but little or no leukotriene B3 was formed. Neutrophils from rats fed a normal diet incubated with ionophore and exogenous 5,8,11-eicosatrienoate also produced leukotriene A3 and its nonenzymatic degradation products but little or no leukotriene B3. Exogenous 5,8,11-eicosatrienoate incubated with ionophore-stimulated normal neutrophils caused a dose-dependent inhibition of leukotriene A hydrolase resulting in diminished production of leukotriene B4 from endogenous arachidonate. Assays of leukotriene A hydrolase in the 10,000 X g supernatant fraction of a homogenate of RBL-1 cells revealed that a lipoxygenase metabolite of 5,8,11-eicosatrienoate rather than 5,8,11-eicosatrienoate itself is the inhibitor of leukotriene A hydrolase. Thus the finding that leukotriene B4 production by neutrophils from essential fatty acid-deficient rats is diminished out of proportion to the decrease in arachidonate content appears to be due to inhibition of leukotriene A hydrolase by a lipoxygenase metabolite.
mesh_terms: D015126:8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000097:blood; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects; D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential / Q000172:deficiency*; D017572:Leukotriene A4; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential; D017572:Leukotriene A4; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D015126:8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid; C010944:mead acid