title: Influence of third-generation cephalosporins on aerobic intestinal flora.
abstract: Excretion of an antibiotic in bile may result in high intra-intestinal concentrations and thus alteration in the faecal flora. We investigated the effects of cefoperazone (75% biliary excretion), ceftriaxone (45%) and cefotaxime (5%) on the aerobic faecal flora. Cefoperazone reduced numbers of normal Gram-negative bacilli and selected resistant Pseudomonas, Serratia and Klebsiella-Enterobacter. Ceftriaxone was similar. However, cefotaxime had little effect on the normal Gram-negative flora, and did not promote the emergence of resistant organisms.
mesh_terms: D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000187:drug effects*; D002438:Cefoperazone / Q000494:pharmacology; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D002438:Cefoperazone; D002439:Cefotaxime