Efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine in prevention of early HBsAg carrier state in children. Controlled trial in an endemic area (Senegal).
Three doses of inactivated hepatitis B vaccine were given at one-month intervals to Senegalese children aged less than two years. A control group received diphtheria/tetanus/polio vaccine. Of those HB vaccine recipients who were seronegative before immunisation, 94.5% had a specific anti-HBs response. Anti-HBs of maternal origin did not interfere with the active immunisation. HB vaccine was without ill-effects, irrespective of hepatitis B marker status before immunisation. After twelve months' follow-up, the incidence of the HBsAg carrier state was reduced by 85% in susceptible children (p less than 0.0001).
D000367:Age Factors; D002353:Carrier State / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012675:Senegal; D014611:Vaccination; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D014765:Viral Vaccines