title: Ethanol and GABA.
abstract: A study of the literature showed that the GABA system is an important target of ethanol in the central nervous system, in part as a consequence of damage in membrane-bound enzymes and receptors. A single dose of ethanol initially activates the GABA system which is weakened after chronic administration because of overcompensation. Interest is focused on the GABA receptors because of the involvement of the minor tranquilizer drugs, benzodiazepines. The studies on the GABA system (metabolism, local concentrations, receptors) show great promise in the understanding and treatment of ethanol dependence and withdrawal.
mesh_terms: D000612:4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000378:metabolism; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018756:GABA Antagonists; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D011736:Pyridoxine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000201:enzymology; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018756:GABA Antagonists; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000431:Ethanol; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D000612:4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase; D005947:Glucose; D011736:Pyridoxine; D004298:Dopamine