title: Rhinitis in the athlete.
abstract: Trauma is the most common problem involving the nose in sports and athletic events. Injury may lead to "vasomotor syndrome" and chronic rhinitis. Nasal and sinus obstruction may cause additional discomfort. Exposure to irritants, particularly solvents, cleaning solutions, paints, and varnishes as well as air pollutants exacerbates vasomotor rhinitis. Allergic rhinitis is another major problem of atopic athletes. It may be caused by exposure to pollens, molds, dust, or animal danders. Treatment is aimed at reducing the exposure to etiologic factors as well as pharmacologic management. Antihistamines, topical cromolyn, and topical steroids may be used to control rhinitis without violating " antidoping " regulations.
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens; D001491:Basophils / Q000502:physiology; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000502:physiology; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000209:etiology; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000502:physiology; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D008688:Methacholine Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D009666:Nose / Q000293:injuries; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000209:etiology; D013177:Sports
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D008688:Methacholine Compounds; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D004837:Epinephrine