Mutagenic and cytogenetic analyses of organic extracts of simulated runoffs from model coal piles.
The use of coal as a fuel in utility and other industries in the United States is increasing. Typically, these utilities store their coal outdoors in large piles, and rainfall on the piles produces a runoff containing hazardous inorganic and organic materials. Four coals of varying sulfur contents, all used for fuel in the United States, were tested. Organic materials were extracted from simulated runoffs of model coal piles and were tested for mutagenicity with a Salmonella/microsomal assay and for clastogenicity and cytotoxicity in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The extracts of the high-sulfur coals and the lignite were more mutagenic and clastogenic than extracts from the low-sulfur coal.
D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens; D002460:Cell Line; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D003031:Coal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D005260:Female; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D009154:Mutation; D010053:Ovary; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects; D014481:United States
D002273:Carcinogens; D003031:Coal; D009153:Mutagens