Neuropeptides in the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system: lateral retrochiasmatic area as a common gate for neuronal fibers towards the median eminence.
The source and topography of neuropeptide-containing axons in the median eminence are summarized. Several of these neuropeptide-containing neurons (thyrotropin-releasing hormone, corticotropin-releasing hormone, vasopressin, oxytocin, cholecystokinin) are localized in the paraventricular nucleus. The periventricular and medial preoptic nuclei constitute the main sources of somatostatin and luteinizing hormone releasing hormone axons in the median eminence, respectively. Dynorphins and alpha-neo-endorphin-synthetizing neurons in the supraoptic nucleus also project to the median eminence. Wherever they originate, the projections may follow a common organization pattern and use a common gate--the lateral retrochiasmatic area--to enter the median eminence.
D000818:Animals; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000378:metabolism; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D004399:Dynorphins / Q000378:metabolism; D004723:Endorphins / Q000378:metabolism; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D008474:Medial Forebrain Bundle / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism; D008473:Median Eminence / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009434:Neural Pathways; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D009897:Optic Chiasm / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000378:metabolism; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000378:metabolism; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000378:metabolism; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D014667:Vasopressins / Q000378:metabolism
D004723:Endorphins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011498:Protein Precursors; D014667:Vasopressins; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D010121:Oxytocin; D013004:Somatostatin; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; C025681:alpha-neoendorphin; D004399:Dynorphins; D002766:Cholecystokinin; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone