title: Molecular weight dependency of heparin inhibition of microtubule assembly in vitro.
abstract: Low molar ratios of heparin inhibited in vitro assembly of bovine brain microtubule proteins and disassembled preformed microtubules. Addition of purified microtubule-associated proteins counteracted the assembly inhibition by heparin. Our results suggest that the polyanion heparin affects microtubule assembly by binding to the microtubule-associated proteins. This complex can not support nucleation or stabilize the microtubule structure although it still can associate with the tubulin polymer. In the presence of heparin, the critical concentration needed for microtubule assembly was increased. Furthermore, the absolute assembly difference induced by heparin, the delta A350, was only dependent on the concentration and the molecular weight of heparin, not of the total microtubule protein concentration, or the addition of microtubule-associated proteins. Commercial, standard heparin (Mr 6000-25 000) had an I50 of about 0.1/tubulin dimer. The heparin fraction(s) with a high molecular weight had a stronger effect than those with lower molecular weight. Substoichiometric amounts of taxol completely relieved the inhibition of assembly by heparin, although aberrant forms were present. These microtubules had a reduced amount of coassembled microtubule-associated proteins, and furthermore contained heparin.
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects*; D008970:Molecular Weight; D017239:Paclitaxel; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D006493:Heparin; D017239:Paclitaxel