title: Role of Mg2+ in the Ca2+-Ca2+ exchange mediated by the membrane-bound (Ca2+, Mg2+)-ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles.
abstract: Sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles were preloaded with either 45Ca2+ or unlabeled Ca2+. The unidirectional Ca2+ efflux and influx, together with Ca2+-dependent ATP hydrolysis and phosphorylation of the membrane-bound (Ca2+, Mg2+)-ATPase, were determined in the presence of ATP and ADP. The Ca2+ efflux depended on ATP (or ADP or both). It also required the external Ca2+. The Ca2+ concentration dependence of the efflux was similar to the Ca2+ concentration dependences of Ca2+ influx, Ca2+-dependent ATP hydrolysis, and phosphoenzyme formation. The rate of the efflux was approximately in proportion to the concentration of the phosphoenzyme up to 10 microM Ca2+. These results and other findings indicate that the Ca2+ efflux represents the Ca2+-Ca2+ exchange (between the external medium and the internal medium) mediated by the phosphoenzyme. In the range of 0.6-5.2 microM Mg2+, no appreciable Ca2+-Ca2+ exchange was detected although phosphoenzyme formation occurred to a large extent. Elevation of Mg2+ in the range 5.2 microM-4.8 mM caused a remarkable activation of the exchange, whereas the amount of the phosphoenzyme only approximately doubled. The kinetic analysis shows that this activation results largely from the Mg2+-induced acceleration of an exchange between the bound Ca2+ of the phosphoenzyme and the free Ca2+ in the internal medium. It is concluded that Mg2+ is essential for the exposure of the bound Ca2+ of the phosphoenzyme to the internal medium.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D017301:Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008433:Mathematics; D009132:Muscles / Q000201:enzymology*; D011817:Rabbits; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D017301:Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium