title: Cellular compartmentalization of carbonic anhydrase-C and glutamine synthetase in developing and mature mouse neural retina.
abstract: Using immunohistochemical methods, we have determined the cellular localization of the enzymes, glutamine synthetase (GS) and carbonic anhydrase-C (CA-C), in mouse neural retina during development and in the mature tissue. GS is always confined exclusively to the Müller glial cells; it is first detectable in these cells post-natally on about day 12, i.e. shortly before the eyes open. Also CA-C in the mature retina is localized in the Müller cells but, in addition, it is found in certain amacrine neurons as well. CA-C is first detectable in the retina already several days before birth; at that time it is found in most of the cells, with the exception of the emerging ganglion cells. However, with advancing differentiation, CA-C becomes progressively restricted to Müller cells and to a sub-category of amacrine neurons, and persists only in these cells in the mature retina. The present results extend our previous studies on these enzymes in the avian retina; they demonstrate that also in mammalian retina, different temporal and cellular patterns of GS and CA-C expression and localization earmark distinct phases of structural and functional differentiation of the retina. The striking developmental changes in the cellular localization of CA-C, and the finding of this enzyme in certain amacrine neurons as well as in Müller cells, raise questions about the role of CA-C in the retina, and about mechanisms regulating its expression in specific cell types.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000032:analysis*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase / Q000032:analysis*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase