[Pharmacology of a new sleep inducer, 1H-1,2,4-triazolyl benzophenone derivative, 450191-S (II). Sleep-inducing activity and effect on the motor system].
The sleep-inducing activity and effect on the motor system of the 1H-1,2,4-triazolyl benzophenone derivative 450191-S were examined behaviorally, electroencephalographically and electro-physiologically with various species of animals and were compared with those of diazepam, nitrazepam, estazolam and triazolam. In the rhesus monkey, rabbit and rat with chronically indwelling brain electrodes, 0.6 to 3 mg/kg, p.o. of 450191-S caused a shorter latency of sleep onset, an increase of and a stable continuity of slow wave deep sleep (SWDS) with higher amplitude, and the appearance of clear spindle bursts in the slow wave light sleeping (SWLS) state with little muscle relaxation. Animals treated with nitrazepam and/or estazolam showed a smaller increase in SWDS and its unstable continuity with remarkable disturbance of gait. The doses needed to induce sleep in the rhesus monkey were 0.6 to 1 mg/kg p.o. for 450191-S, 3 mg/kg for nitrazepam, 1 mg/kg for estazolam and 0.3 mg/kg for triazolam. The cat treated with 450191-S showed the phenomena caused by benzodiazepines (BDZ), i.e., behavioral excitation and decrease of frequencies in the hippocampal theta waves. The suppressive effects of 450191-S on the EEG arousal reaction and/or blood pressure elevation induced by hypothalamic stimulation in the rabbit suggested that the inhibitory effects acted on the posterior hypothalamus to the limbic system. The inhibitory effect of 450191-S on the amygdaloid kindling in the rat was as potent as those of diazepam and nitrazepam. Successive daily oral administration of both 3 mg/kg of 450191-S and/or 3 to 6 mg/kg of nitrazepam for 15 days in the rabbit caused slight decrease of SWDS and increase of fast wave (REM) sleep (FWS). During the withdrawal period of both compounds, a slight but insignificant increase in the waking state was noticed for 1 to 2 days, but not a rebound increase of FWS. Intravenously administered 450191-S showed the same action as BDZ on the spinal reflex and the dorsal root potential of the rat; it particularly acted on the crossed extensor reflex in the same manner as the commercial BDZ sleep inducers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002415:Cats; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000187:drug effects; D008032:Limbic System / Q000187:drug effects; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D009129:Muscle Tonus / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects*; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects; D014230:Triazoles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D014230:Triazoles; D001569:Benzodiazepines; C041075:rilmazafone