title: Influence of cigarette smoking on healing and relapse in duodenal ulcer disease.
abstract: There are conflicting reports on the influence of cigarette smoking on healing in patients with duodenal ulcer; some studies show an adverse effect on healing rate and others no effect. This study reports the influence of smoking on short-term healing and relapse rate in 135 patients with duodenal ulcer who were treated with cimetidine (90), ranitidine (25), and oxmetidine (20), all powerful H2-receptor antagonists. Ulcer healing and relapse were documented endoscopically and all studies were performed in a double-blind manner. In the short term, 95% of nonsmokers healed compared with 63% smokers (p less than 0.01) and there was a positive correlation between failure to heal and number of cigarettes smoked. During a 12-mo follow-up examination after healing and on no treatment, 53% of nonsmokers and 84% of smokers relapsed (p less than 0.01). These results show that smoking adversely affects healing of duodenal ulcer with H2-receptor antagonists and that continued smoking leads to a higher relapse rate.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002927:Cimetidine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005663:Furans / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011899:Ranitidine; D012008:Recurrence; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D005663:Furans; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists; D007093:Imidazoles; D002927:Cimetidine; D011899:Ranitidine; C027703:oxmetidine