title: IUD induced bleeding and the way of therapy.
abstract: In a retrospective study containing 2404 cases of IUD induced bleeding problems, the type and timing of bleeding as well as the types of conservative therapy were evaluated. The non-hormonal treatment (uterotonics, calcium, C- and K-vitamin etc.) proved to be significantly less effective (P less than 0.05) than the hormonal therapy (estrogen, gestagen and combined preparations). The rate of effectiveness was 80.1% and 86.7%, respectively. Because the effectiveness of the conservative therapy is 80%, even in the non-hormonal group, the IUD should be removed only if this treatment proves to be ineffective. Attention is drawn to the importance of routine colposcopic and cytological screening.
mesh_terms: D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002118:Calcium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004963:Estrenes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005003:Ethisterone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008234:Lynestrenol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009640:Norethindrone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004963:Estrenes; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D014812:Vitamin K; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D008234:Lynestrenol; D005003:Ethisterone; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D002118:Calcium; D009640:Norethindrone