title: Syntheses and adrenergic agonist properties of ring-fluorinated isoproterenols.
abstract: 2-Fluoro-, 5-fluoro-, and 6-fluoroisoproterenol were synthesized by reduction of the Schiff base formed between the corresponding ring-fluorinated 3,4-bis(benzyloxy)phenethanolamine and acetone, followed by reductive debenzylation in the presence of oxalic acid to yield crystalline neutral oxalates. The apparent beta-adrenergic potencies were determined in the isolated guinea pig atria. 2-Fluoro- and 5-fluoroisoproterenol were equipotent with (+/-)-isoproterenol, while 6-fluoroisoprotenol was virtually inactive. No alpha-adrenergic agonist activity (guinea pig aorta) was shown by any of the fluoroisoproterenols. Displacement of alpha- and beta-specific radioligands from isolated membrane preparations from rat brain by the fluoroisoproterenols were in agreement with the responses of the organ preparations. Thus, the apparent fluorine-induced specificity is due to specificity at the receptor binding site. The effects of fluorine substitution are discussed with regard to the apparent negative influence of the 6-fluoro substituent on the beta-agonist properties of isoproterenol, the lack of any increase in potency due to the 2-fluoro substituent, and the possibility of fluorine-induced changes in the electron density of the aromatic ring as a possible rational for the fluorine-induced specificity of both the fluoroisoproterenols and the fluoronoirepinephrines.
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D000818:Animals; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D007545:Isoproterenol