title: The influence of the rate of electrical stimulation on the effects of the Anemonia sulcata Toxin ATX II in guinea pig papillary muscle.
abstract: In guinea pig papillary muscle, the rate of electrical stimulation (0.1-2 Hz) strongly influenced the effects of the Anemonia sulcata toxin ATX II on action potential duration (APD) and contractile force. In the concentration range studied (10-8-10-7 M), ATX II always produced a larger prolongation in APD at low rates of stimulation. At 0.1 Hz there was a temporal dissociation between the onset of the APD-prolonging and the positive inotropic effect. However, under equilibrium conditions there was a positive relationship between the APD expressed as a fraction of the time during which the membrane was depolarized, and the contractile force irrespective of the change in experimental conditions being variation of stimulation frequency or the addition of ATX II. The results suggest that the positive inotropic effects of both ATX II and increased stimulation frequency could be induced by a similar mechanism, e.g. an increase in sodium of the heart muscle.
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D003064:Cnidarian Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010210:Papillary Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003064:Cnidarian Venoms; D009498:Neurotoxins; C028800:toxin II (Anemonia sulcata)