title: Veratridine-induced release in vivo and in vitro of amino acids in the rabbit olfactory bulb.
abstract: Free amino acids were studied in the olfactory bulb of the rabbit during basal conditions and veratridine-induced depolarization, in vitro with a tissue slice preparation and in vivo with a perfusion-dialysis technique. In vivo, basal extracellular concentrations of GABA, beta-alanine and aspartate were low, while glutamine showed the highest level. The basal steady-state concentration ratio between the total tissue pool of free amino acids and amino acids in the extracellular fluid was high for GABA, aspartate and glutamate, while low for glutamine and other 'non-transmitter' amino acids. Veratridine induced a marked TTX-sensitive release of GABA (40-50 times the control) both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo, the GABA release showed a peak during the first minutes of veratridine perfusion. The TTX-sensitive release of aspartate and glutamate, on the other hand, was approximately 5 times higher in vitro than in vivo. Furthermore, a prolonged response to veratridine was seen for glutamate and aspartate in vivo consisting of an early peak, followed by a sustained release. Taurine showed a time-delayed veratridine response, both in vivo and in vitro, whereas glutamine displayed a slow, TTX-sensitive decrease. No effect of veratridine was seen on beta-alanine or carnosine-threonine levels.
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D046508:Culture Techniques; D005971:Glutamates / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects; D014701:Veratridine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014702:Veratrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D005971:Glutamates; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D014701:Veratridine; D014702:Veratrine