title: Dihydroergotamine increases the bioavailability of orally administered etilefrine.
abstract: Etilefrine undergoes considerable first-pass metabolism through conjugation in the gut wall. In six volunteers bioavailability was reduced to 35% for a fast release tablet and to 17% for a sustained release preparation. The addition of dihydroergotamine (DHE) to the sustained release preparation surprisingly increased bioavailability to 61%. The plasma levels of the main metabolite formed during the passage through the gut wall indicated an increase in the rate of enteric absorption and therefore also in bioavailability by DHE. This might be due to the influence of DHE upon the vascular resistance of the vessels in the gut wall or a change in gastro-intestinal motility with a prolongation of drug contact time within the absorbing gut segment.
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001682:Biological Availability; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004087:Dihydroergotamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005039:Etilefrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D011485:Protein Binding
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D010656:Phenylephrine; D004087:Dihydroergotamine; D005039:Etilefrine