title: The rise in ectopic pregnancy--exploration of possible reasons.
abstract: The rate of ectopic pregnancies has been rising in the past decade and it is responsible for an increasing proportion of maternal deaths. A history of pelvic inflammatory disease is strongly associated with ectopic pregnancy. There is a higher rate of ectopic pregnancy among intrauterine device users than non-users. A history of abdominal surgery has been associated with ectopic pregnancy and there is some evidence that women taking certain hormonal preparations experience excess ectopic pregnancies. Through a critical review of the literature, the author explores the evidence for these associations. The paper closes with recommendations for future research.
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000601:surgery; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000150:complications; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011372:Progestins
chemical_list: D011372:Progestins; D002996:Clomiphene