title: Phenobarbital and related compounds as novel inhibitors of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase.
abstract: The reaction of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase with phenobarbital or with thiobarbituric acid resulted in a irreversible loss of its enzymatic activity. The inactivation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. Half-maximal velocity of inactivation (Ki) at 37 degrees C in the presence of phenobarbital or thiobarbituric acid was calculated to be 43 mM and 20 mM, respectively. The inactivation of the enzyme activity by both these inhibitors was prevented by serine borate, a known competitive inhibitor, and by the substrate, reduced glutathione, suggesting an active-site-directed nature of the these inhibitors. Maleate provided slight protection against inactivation by thiobarbituric acid. Complete inactivation of the enzyme with tritium-labeled phenobarbital resulted in a stoichiometric incorporation of radioactivity into the enzyme protein. Upon sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of tritium-labeled phenobarbital-enzyme complex, nearly all the radioactivity was found to be associated with the small subunit (Mr = 22 000) of the enzyme, indicating that the catalytic component of the enzyme is on the small subunits.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology; D007668:Kidney / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008298:Maleates / Q000494:pharmacology; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013858:Thiobarbiturates / Q000494:pharmacology; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D008298:Maleates; D013858:Thiobarbiturates; C030272:maleic acid; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D005978:Glutathione; C029684:thiobarbituric acid; D010634:Phenobarbital