title: Azathioprine, a clastogen in human somatic cells? Analysis of chromosome damage and SCE in lymphocytes after exposure in vivo and in vitro.
abstract: Chromosomal analyses in lymphocytes of 28 patients with multiple sclerosis were carried out before, during and after Azathioprine (Aza) therapy. Only a higher incidence of gaps was found in treated patients than in a group of healthy persons but not in comparison with untreated patients. Similarly, no significant clastogenic effect was observed in vitro after short-term and long-term treatment of unstimulated and stimulated lymphocytes with concentrations of 1--100 microgram Aza per ml. Treatment of cultures with 0.0001--4.0 microgram/ml did not yield increased SCE frequencies. The absence of any significant clastogenic effect of therapeutic doses of Aza on human somatic cells is deduced from an evaluation of previously published data and from the present results.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000187:drug effects*; D003434:Crossing Over, Genetic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D009153:Mutagens; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D001379:Azathioprine