The pineal gland of the mole (Talpa europaea L.). VII. Activity of hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT) in the formation of 5-methoxytryptophan, 5-methoxytryptamine, 5-methoxyindole-3-acetic acid, 5-methoxytryptophol and melantonin in the eyes and the pineal gland.
Using a method in which no substrate is added to the incubation medium, the capacity of HIOMT to synthesize 5-methoxytryptophan, 5-methoxytryptamine, 5-methoxyindole-3-acetic acid, 5-methoxytryptophol and melatonin has been determined in the pineal and the eyes of the mole, a mammal having an atrophied visual system. The results demonstrate that the indoleamine metabolism in the retina is similar to the indoleamine metabolism in the pineal. Moreover, in all animals studied both eyes together synthesize 2 to 30 times more of 5-methoxyindoles than the pineal, a result which proves again that the pineal is not the only and not always the most important source of 5-methoxyindoles. With the exception of 5-methoxyindole-3-acetic acid, the synthesis of which is practically neglectable, the production of all other 5-methoxyindoles in the pineal as well as in the retinae is always larger than that of melatonin. In the pineal, 5-methoxytryptophan, for example, is synthesized in a quantity which is 60 to 170 times larger than that of melatonin, while in the retinae the synthesized amount of 5-methoxytryptophan is even 60 to 1000 times larger than that of melatonin.
D008735:5-Methoxytryptamine / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000121:Acetylserotonin O-Methyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D007312:Eulipotyphla / Q000378:metabolism*; D005123:Eye / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007211:Indoles / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008971:Moles / Q000378:metabolism*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010870:Pineal Gland / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development; D012737:Sex Factors; D012741:Sexual Maturation; D014363:Tryptamines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis
D007211:Indoles; D014363:Tryptamines; C027986:5-methoxytryptophan; C001736:5-methoxyindoleacetic acid; D008735:5-Methoxytryptamine; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; C002465:methoxytryptophol; D014364:Tryptophan; D008780:Methyltransferases; D000121:Acetylserotonin O-Methyltransferase; D008550:Melatonin