title: Delayed-type hypersensitivity in rabbits. Comparison of the adjuvants dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide and Freund's complete adjuvant.
abstract: Injection of rabbits with antigen mixed with the cationic surface-active lipid dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide (DDA) induced delayed-type hypersensitivity (DH), which could be measured as skin reactions and was confirmed by histology of the skin test sites. 1 week after injection of a conjugate of bovine serum albumine (BSA) with dinitrophenol (DNP30-BSAj) mixed with DDA, DH was detectable in most but not in all rabbits. Similar results were obtained using FCA as adjuvant. The animals treated with the latter adjuvant, however, produced a long-lasting DH (1-3 weeks) complicated by circulating anti-DNP antibodies (Arthus-type reactions). Skin testing with heterologous hapten-carrier complexes revealed that individual rabbits immunized with DNP30-BSA in DDA expressed DH with different reaction patterns, either to hapten, carrier or both. In conclusion, DDA is a useful adjuvant for the induction of a state of pure DH in rabbits. However, not all rabbits do respond, or respond similarly.
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D004136:Dinitrobenzenes / Q000276:immunology; D000939:Epitopes; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006241:Haptens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D007114:Immunization; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000276:immunology; D012882:Skin Tests
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004136:Dinitrobenzenes; D000939:Epitopes; D006241:Haptens; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; C015831:dimethyldioctadecylammonium; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant