title: Effects of xanthene dyes in cattle diets for insect control: diet digestibility and fecal excretion.
abstract: The effects of rose bengal, erythrosin B and fluorescein on ruminant digestion were evaluated by an in vitro rumen technique. Rose bengal reduced in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) values starting at .5 mM in the nutrient media and erythrosin B reduced IVDMD values starting at .05 mM in the nutrient media. Maximum reduction in IVDMD values was observed at 3.0 mM of rose bengal and erythrosin B. Fluorescein depressed digestion but not as severely as rose bengal or erythrosin B. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) values for steers given erythrosin B at a daily dosage of 6.5 mg/kg body weight were higher (P less than .05) than DMD values for control steers. DMD values were higher for steers given 16.3 or 26.1 mg erythrosin B/kg body weight daily than for the control steers, but the differences were not significant. There were no significant differences among animals given the different dosages in digestible energy. Recovery of erythrosin B from feces of treated steers varied with time, indicating that steers fed erythrosin B at a dosage of 6.5 mg/kg body weight might excrete feces during some periods of the day which would not control face fly development; however, administration of erythrosin B at a dosage of 16.3 mg/kg body weight would provide enough erythrosin B in feces to control face fly development throughout a 24-h period.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004032:Diet; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects*; D004923:Erythrosine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006109:Poaceae; D012395:Rose Bengal / Q000494:pharmacology; D012417:Rumen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D014966:Xanthenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007306:Insecticides; D014966:Xanthenes; D012395:Rose Bengal; D009584:Nitrogen; D004923:Erythrosine