title: Dual staining of corneal endothelium with trypan blue and alizarin red S: importance of pH for the dye-lake reaction.
abstract: Evaluation of corneal endothelial integrity by combined staining with the vital stain trypan blue and the intercellular stain alizarin red S provides a simple, quick technique for visualisation of both damaged and normal cells, thereby permitting the quantification of endothelial cell damage. Adjustment of the pH of the alizarin red S reagent to 4.2 is important for optimum dye-laking at the intercellular borders, and brief fixation with glutaraldehyde maintains the staining effect of both dyes.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology*; D004727:Endothelium / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D011817:Rabbits; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D013552:Swine; D014343:Trypan Blue
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; C004468:Alizarin Red S; D014343:Trypan Blue