title: [Biochemical mechanisms of the hepatotoxicity of psychotropic drugs].
abstract: The first part of this article presents the mechanisms for the hepatotoxicity of xenobiotics known to date, in particular the interference with the metabolism of bilirubin, hepatotoxicity arising from the metabolism of drugs as well as hepatotoxicity due to immunological factors. In the second part, the classification of the diverse hepatic diseases due to drugs is presented: acute injury (cytotoxic, cholestatic, mixed) and chronic damage. The extrahepatic manifestations of drug-induced hepatic injury are also mentioned. Finally, in the third part, we present the principal cases of hepatotoxicity caused by psychotropic drugs: antidepressants (MAOIs and tricyclics), neuroleptics (phenothiazines, thioxanthenes, butyrophenones and benzamides) and anxiolytics, to which we add the anticonvulsants (phenytoin, phenacemide, oxazolidinediones, carbamazepine and valproic acid). We describe the mechanism of hepatotoxicity when known and we attempt to present the type(s) of hepatic injury it causes.
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000633:toxicity; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000633:toxicity; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000378:metabolism; D002090:Butyrophenones; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology*; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000633:toxicity; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000633:toxicity; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D013892:Thioxanthenes / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D002090:Butyrophenones; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D013892:Thioxanthenes; D010672:Phenytoin; D001663:Bilirubin; D002746:Chlorpromazine
vernacular_title: Mécanismes biochimiques de l'hépatotoxicité des psychotropes.