title: Fibrinogen Houston: a dysfibrinogen exhibiting defective fibrin monomer aggregation and alpha-chain cross-linkages.
abstract: A 38-year-old male patient with a life-long history of easy bruising and mild bleeding had a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT). Reptilase (Bathrops atrox) clotting time was normal. His undiluted and diluted plasma prolonged the APTT, PT, and TT of normal plasma. Fibrin produced from patient plasma was insoluble in 5 M urea. Plasma fibrinogen level was increased when measured as clottable protein and by Laurell electroimmunoassay. Specific assays of plasma factors II, V, VII, X, VIII, IX, XI, and XII were normal. A circulating antithrombin in patient plasma was excluded by demonstrating normal thrombin-induced platelet aggregation of gel-separated platelets in the presence of patient plasma. Purified patient fibrinogen reproduced the anticoagulant effect of patient plasma. Patient fibrinogen antigen was similar to normal fibrinogen antigen by immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis (pH 5.2 and 8.6), and crossed immunoelectrophoresis. His unreduced purified fibrinogen had normal migration on polyacrylamide slab gels. Also, the migration in gel slabs of A alpha, B beta and gamma-polypeptide chains, produced by mercaptoethanol reduction of purified patient fibrinogen, was similar to reduced normal fibrinogen. Thrombin-induced total fibrinopeptide release was normal. However, fibrin monomers produced from patient fibrinogen by thrombin (devoid of fibrinopeptides A and B) reaggregated abnormally; fibrin monomers produced by reptilase (devoid of only fibrinopeptides A) reaggregated normally. Fibrin generated from patient plasma in the presence of factor XIII and calcium, was defective in the formation of covalently bonded alpha-alpha polymers and demonstrated an increased susceptibility to the lytic effects of plasmin (generated in vitro by the addition of streptokinase).
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000097:blood*; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D004586:Electrophoresis; D000939:Epitopes; D005337:Fibrin / Q000032:analysis; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D005779:Immunodiffusion; D007123:Immunoelectrophoresis, Two-Dimensional; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D005337:Fibrin; D005340:Fibrinogen; D005341:Fibrinolysin