title: Regulation of enzymes responsible for neurotransmitter synthesis and degradation in cultured rat sympathetic neurons. III. Effects of sodium butyrate.
abstract: The effects of Na butyrate on the differentiation of newborn rat sympathetic neurons in primary cultures have been studied. Butyrate did not affect the long-term survival of these neurons in the presence of optimal concentrations of nerve growth factor, but decreased in a dose-dependent manner their protein content. In the range, 0.5-20 mM, butyrate did not modify the specific activity of lactate dehydrogenase in these cultures. Choline acetyltransferase activity developed at a 4.5- to 12-fold higher rate in cultures grown with 1-5 mM butyrate than in its absence. Concomitantly, tyrosine hydroxylase, dopa decarboxylase, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, and acetylcholinesterase were depressed in cultures grown with butyrate. The deficit in acetylcholinesterase total activity was accompanied by an inhibition of the development of the asymmetric 16 S form of the enzyme. The deficit in tyrosine hydroxylase activity did not result from either a modification of the app Km for the enzyme's cofactor or a modification of its state of cAMP-dependent phosphorylation, but from a decrease in the number of immunoprecipitable enzyme molecules. A similar result was obtained with acetylcholinesterase. Butyrate thus reproduced in a qualitative manner the effects of a macromolecular factor purified from muscle conditioned medium on these neurons (J. P. Swerts, A. LeVan Thaï, A. Vigny, and M. J. Weber (1983) Dev. Biol. 100, 1-11; J. P. Swerts, Le Van Thai, and M. J. Weber (1984) 103, 230-234), raising the hypothesis of a common pathway in the regulation of neurotransmitter phenotype by these two agents.
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002087:Butyrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020148:Butyric Acid; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D004296:Dopa Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000201:enzymology*; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002087:Butyrates; D007527:Isoenzymes; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D020148:Butyric Acid; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D004296:Dopa Decarboxylase