title: Effects of ouabain and electrical stimulation on the fine structure of nerve endings in the electric organ of Torpedo marmorata.
abstract: The cycle of synaptic vesicles was studied in isolated nerve terminals and in the electric tissue of Torpedo marmorata. The synaptosomes, as used in this investigation, were a pure cholinergic subcellar fraction that captured dextran particles as an extracellular marker. This endocytotic phenomenon was enhanced by potassium depolarization. Field electrical stimulation (1 Hz and 10 Hz) of the electric organ induced the appearance of membrane foldings into presynaptic terminals. Morphometric  studies showed that the number of synaptic vesicles did not decline until after at least 30 min. On the other hand, at 10 Hz these changes were accompanied by an increase in length of the membrane of the terminal. At 15 min of recovery after prolonged stimulation, there was a great increase in density of synaptic vesicles with a large number of vesicles of small diameter. This increase was accompanied by a decrease of membrane length, suggesting that reformation of vesicles is related to retrieval of membrane. Pharmacological stimulation with ouabain produced changes similar to those of long-term electrical stimulation. These changes in membrane were accompanied by a decrease of the population of synaptic vesicles and a wide variation in their diameters. It is concluded that structural changes reported here could not be correlated with kinetics of the transmitter release.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003911:Dextrans / Q000378:metabolism; D004557:Electric Organ; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009411:Nerve Endings / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010042:Ouabain / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013570:Synaptic Membranes / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014101:Torpedo
chemical_list: D003911:Dextrans; D010042:Ouabain