title: Increased hypothalamic noradrenergic activity in one-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertensive rats.
abstract: To further define central and peripheral sympathetic nerve activity in the one-kidney and two-kidney, one-clip models of renovascular hypertension, plasma catecholamines and regional brain norepinephrine of these models were compared with the activities of their brain biosynthetic enzymes: tyrosine hydroxylase (TYH) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH). Findings in the groups of 20 one-kidney and 17 two-kidney female Wistar rats were compared with those in 10 sham-operated rats. Systolic blood pressure, measured indirectly, and the mean arterial pressure, measured directly from the femoral arteries, verified development of renovascular hypertension in both the one and two-kidney animals. Plasma norepinephrine increased from 248 +/- 46 to 401 +/- 66 pg/ml in the one-kidney group only (p < 0.001). Hypothalamic TYH and DBH activities of the one-kidney animals were 48 and 34% greater than those of the two-kidney animals and 28 and 39% greater than the sham-operated animals. The multiple t-test indicated significant differences between the mean hypothalamic THY of the one- and two-kidney groups and between the hypothalamic DBH of the one-kidney animals and those of the two-kidney and sham groups (alpha = 0.05). Moreover, the mean norepinephrine content of the hypothalamus in the one-kidney animals was 66% greater than that of the two-kidney and sham groups (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that central noradrenergic pathways of the hypothalamus may be involved in the genesis of one-kidney renovascular hypertension.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000032:analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006977:Hypertension, Renal / Q000378:metabolism*; D006978:Hypertension, Renovascular / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000032:analysis*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; D009638:Norepinephrine