title: The effects of preservatives on the ciliary beat frequency of chicken embryo tracheas.
abstract: The effects of preservatives on the ciliary beat frequency of chicken embryo tracheas are determined, Polar compounds like benzalkonium chloride in commonly used concentrations, decrease the frequency less than 30% after a 20 minutes' exposure. The effect is not reversible after rinsing with Locke-Ringer solution. Lipophilic compounds however, like chlorbutol, cause an arrest of the cilary movement with 10 minutes. The effect, different from the polar compounds, is reversible; but only after a limited exposure-time. Mercuric compounds, like thiomersal, decrease the frequency non-reversibly 30 to 90% after a 20 minutes' exposure. EDTA decreases the frequency 40 to 50%, independent of the exposure-time and in a reversible way. The combination of benzalkonium chloride 0.01% and EDTA 0.05% is recommended to preserve nasal drops.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002724:Chlorobutanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002923:Cilia / Q000187:drug effects*; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology; D014663:Nasal Decongestants / Q000494:pharmacology; D010592:Pharmaceutic Aids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013849:Thimerosal / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D014663:Nasal Decongestants; D010592:Pharmaceutic Aids; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D013849:Thimerosal; D004492:Edetic Acid; D002724:Chlorobutanol