title: Beta 2-microglobulin and other proteins as parameter for tubular function.
abstract: Urinary excretion of the low molecular weight protein beta 2-microglobulin and tubular enzymes--alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP)--are very sensitive parameters for proximal tubular lesions. In patients with preeclampsia the renal excretion of beta 2-microglobulin allows to differentiate between a primary preeclampsia and a preeclampsia superimposed upon chronic pyelonephritis. In the first group the increase is 3- to 4-fold and in the second group up to 300-fold. In patients with kidney transplantation the urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin, AAP, gamma-GT and AP are several times higher than in normals. In case of a rejection episode a further increase of these proteins occur in more than 80% several days before clinical symptoms are present. The application of analgetics (paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid) in healthy individuals in therapeutical dosages on 3 consecutive days does not show any tubular alteration by the measurement of urinary beta 2-microglobulin. Aminoglycosides (tobramycin, UK 18,892) lead to a cumulative increase of the renal excretion of beta 2-microglobulin and AAP while cephalosporins induce an increase of total proteins in the final urine under the same conditions.
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001241:Aspirin; D001609:Beta-Globulins / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000652:urine*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000652:urine; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000652:urine; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000150:complications / Q000652:urine; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D001609:Beta-Globulins; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D000082:Acetaminophen; D001241:Aspirin