title: Nitrofurantoin prompts the stringent response in Bacillus subtilis.
abstract: Nitrofurantoin causes the stringent response in Bacillus subtilis. After exposure of a stringent strain to this drug, the intracellular concentrations of guanosine 3'-diphosphate 5'-diphosphate (ppGpp), guanosine 3'-diphosphate 5'-triphosphate (pppGpp) and ATP increased, while that of GTP decreased. In a relaxed strain no accumulation of ppGpp or pppGpp was observed, but both GTP and ATP declined after the addition of nitrofurantoin. Protein synthesis was equally sensitive to nitrofurantoin in both the stringent and relaxed strains, but the drug inhibited RNA accumulation only in the stringent strain, not in the relaxed strain. Nitrofurantoin also caused the accumulation of ppGpp in Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens.
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006158:Guanosine Pentaphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D006159:Guanosine Tetraphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D009582:Nitrofurantoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012706:Serratia marcescens / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D009711:Nucleotides; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D006159:Guanosine Tetraphosphate; D006158:Guanosine Pentaphosphate; D009582:Nitrofurantoin