title: An improved method for embedding hard tissue in polymethyl methacrylate.
abstract: An improved routine method for embedding tissue, especially hard tissue, in polymethyl methacrylate (pMMA) is described. The improvements were: the final dehydration step before MMA infiltration was performed with methanol in a Soxhlet apparatus; the stabilizer hydroquinone was not extracted from the monomer (MMA), and more important, the commonly used polymerization initiator, benzoyl peroxide (bpo), was replaced by the initiator, bis (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate (bbpd). Bbpd is preferred to bpo because it is not explosive, far less is needed and it has a suitable half life. Moreover, bbpd, as obtained from the manufacturer, needs no further purification, in contrast to bpo. Temperatures during bbpd initiated polymerization did not exceed 48 C. In bbpd initiated pMMA, bubbles were almost never generated.
mesh_terms: D001585:Benzoyl Peroxide; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D002254:Carbonates; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D003510:Cyclohexanes; D005404:Fixatives; D006652:Histological Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D010545:Peroxides; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D002254:Carbonates; D003510:Cyclohexanes; D005404:Fixatives; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D010545:Peroxides; C039240:bis(4-tert-butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate; D001585:Benzoyl Peroxide