title: Permanent cardiac pacing after open-heart surgery: acquired heart disease.
abstract: Retrospective review of 5,942 patients who underwent open-heart surgery for acquired heart disease revealed that 123 patients (2.1%) required permanent cardiac pacing postoperatively; 4.6% of these underwent predominantly valvular surgery and 0.6% had coronary bypass. The most important factors appeared to be: 1) preoperative evidence of a conduction disorder; 2) advanced patient age; 3) dense calcium in the aortic annulus; 4) valvular surgery and, especially, tricuspid valve surgery; and 5) poor myocardial protection. Postoperative permanent pacing had a considerable impact on patient morbidity from maintenance operations; most complications were lead-related problems.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001283:Atrioventricular Node / Q000503:physiopathology; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012849:Sinoatrial Node / Q000503:physiopathology