title: Antigenic sites of human growth hormone and related molecules detected by monoclonal antibodies to human growth hormone.
abstract: Four major antigenic sites for human growth hormone (hGH) were identified by 27 mouse monoclonal antibodies to hGH. Sites 1 and 2 are spatially close whereas sites 3 and 4 are located in other parts of the molecule. There also appears to be a subdivision of antigenic sites. A panel of 10 monoclonal antibodies, which included representatives from each antigenic site group, were used to determine cross-reactivities between hGH and human placental lactogen (hPL), human prolactin (hPRL), the 20,000 mol. wt variant of hGH (hGH20K) and a disulfide-linked dimer of hGH (diS-dimer). The data suggest a high conformational dependence of antigenic sites in hGH. DiS-dimer retains all four antigenic sites of hGH, although all have been altered. hGH20K retains sites 2-4 but site 1 has been dramatically altered. hPL retains site 3, whereas sites 1 and 4 have been dramatically altered and site 2 may be lacking. The extremely low cross-reactivity observed for hPRL is consistent with the dissimilarity between hGH and hPRL. Antigenic site 3 is the most conserved of all sites. The lack of structural similarity compared with hGH of site 1 in hGH20K and of a portion of site 3 in diS-dimer suggests that it may be possible to develop specific radioimmunoassays for these structural variants of hGH.
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D001666:Binding Sites, Antibody; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D003429:Cross Reactions; D000939:Epitopes / Q000032:analysis*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010928:Placental Lactogen / Q000276:immunology; D011388:Prolactin / Q000276:immunology; D011863:Radioimmunoassay
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000939:Epitopes; D011388:Prolactin; D013006:Growth Hormone; D010928:Placental Lactogen