Integration of safe initial combination chemotherapy (without cisplatin) with a high response rate and local therapy for untreated stage III and IV epidermoid cancer of the head and neck: 5-year survival data.
This prospective study has established the effectiveness and safety of two courses of a combination of vincristine, bleomycin, methotrexate, 5-FU, and hydrocortisone with a folinic acid "rescue" given over 24 hours on Days 1 and 14 prior to surgery and/or radiotherapy in 93 patients with advanced (stage III and IV) untreated epidermoid cancer of the head and neck. Of 91 patients evaluated on Day 28 for chemotherapy response, 58 (64%) had a partial remission and 33 (36%) were classified as nonresponders, although 12 had a minimal response of 20%-30%. After completion of local therapy, 73% of the chemotherapy responders achieved complete remission compared with only 48% of the nonresponders (P = 0.005). Forty-seven percent of the patients achieving complete remission were alive at 5 years compared with only 4% of those with residual disease after local therapy. Response to chemotherapy is a good prognostic sign. Side effects were minimal and there was 100% patient compliance.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001761:Bleomycin; D014750:Vincristine; D002955:Leucovorin; D005472:Fluorouracil; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D008727:Methotrexate