title: Calcium release from two fractions of sarcoplasmic reticulum from rabbit skeletal muscle.
abstract: Calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles presumably derived from longitudinal tubules (LSR) and terminal cisternae (HSR) of rabbit skeletal muscle was investigated by dual wavelength spectrophotometry using the calcium-indicator antipyrylazo III. In 120 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 30 microM, CaCl2, 50 microM MgATP, 100 microM antipyrylazo III, 40 mM histidine (pH 6.8, 25 degrees C), LSR and HSR sequestered approx. 115 nmol calcium/mg, and then spontaneously released calcium. Analysis of ATP hydrolysis and phosphoenzyme level during LSR and HSR calcium sequestration indicated that this calcium release process was passive, occurring in the virtual absence of ATP and phosphoenzyme. Moreover, subsequent addition of ATP reinitiated the calcium sequestration-release sequence. Calcium release by HSR was more than 4-times faster than that by LSR. Analysis of the calcium release phase demonstrated a biexponential decay for both LSR (0.10 and 0.63 min-1) and HSR (0.26 and 1.65 min-1), suggestive of heterogeneity within each fraction. Replacement of 120 mM KCl with either 120 mM choline chloride, 240 mM sucrose, or H2O reduced maximal calcium sequestration by LSR, but had less effect on LSR calcium release rate constants. In the case of HSR, these changes in the ionic composition of the medium drastically reduced calcium release rate constants with little effect on calcium content. These marked differences between LSR and HSR are consistent with the hypothesis that the calcium permeability of the terminal cisternae is greater and more sensitive to the ionic environment than is that of the longitudinal tubules of sarcoplasmic reticulum.
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D006096:Gramicidin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011817:Rabbits; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D014634:Valinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D006096:Gramicidin; D014634:Valinomycin; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002118:Calcium