title: Epicardial implantation of the automatic implantable defibrillator by left subcostal thoracotomy.
abstract: The automatic implantable defibrillator is a valuable addition to the management of certain patients with ventricular tachycardia and/or fibrillation. The original technique required placement of two transvenous electrodes and an epicardial electrode via a left thoracotomy. We have successfully developed an all-epicardial approach using a left subcostal thoracotomy. Previous experience with epicardial pacemaker implantation by this approach suggested it would be a good technique for implantation of the automatic defibrillator. Early results with this approach have encouraged its continued use.
mesh_terms: D004554:Electric Countershock / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D006801:Humans; D010496:Pericardium / Q000601:surgery*; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000628:therapy*; D013903:Thoracic Surgery / Q000379:methods; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000628:therapy*