title: Intrapleural endodermal sinus tumor arising from the diaphragm.
abstract: We report a primary endodermal sinus tumor (EST) of the right hemidiaphragm, presenting as a right-sided hemothorax in an 18-month-old female. Four operations were performed, the last three being indicated solely by an elevated level of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Cyclic chemotherapy with varying drug combinations together with irradiation therapy were not effective in controlling the disease. To our knowledge, this is the first instance of a primary EST arising from the diaphragm.
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008649:Mesonephroma / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010997:Pleural Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014750:Vincristine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D001761:Bleomycin; D003609:Dactinomycin; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D008727:Methotrexate