title: Advantages and disadvantages of various upper and lower rate responses.
abstract: The advantages and disadvantages of several types of upper and lower rate responses are presented. The optimal response is dependent upon the programmable parameters and the relationship to natural cardiac cycles. The ideal physiologic pacemaker will provide several different choices for rate response. In addition, it will provide the physician with the means to verify the physiologic effects of the particular response.
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000503:physiopathology; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005082:Physical Exertion; D012984:Software