title: Fertility of stallions with abnormalities of the sperm acrosome.
abstract: During a 2-year period, 7 stallions were identified as having ejaculated spermatozoa characterized by a high incidence (27-74%) of acrosomal abnormalities. The most frequent abnormality of the acrosome was the 'knobbed sperm' defect which was observed in nigrosin--eosin, Giemsa, and haematoxylin and eosin stained semen smears under light microscopy, in buffered formal--saline and in glutaraldehyde-fixed wet mounts under phase contrast and differential interference microscopy, and in glutaraldehyde-fixed spermatozoa with electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The defect was visible as a flattened apical ridge, tongue-like flap at the apical surface of the acrosome, or a bead-like protrusion from the apical ridge. A cystic swelling on the acrosomal surface was also seen in some electron micrographs of knobbed spermatozoa. Crater defects of the sperm nucleus were also present in the spermatozoa of 3 of 4 stallions examined by phase contrast, differential interference and electron microscopy. All the stallions sired foals; they achieved a pregnancy rate that ranged from 12.5 to 100% per oestrous cycle.
mesh_terms: D000177:Acrosome / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D005306:Fertilization; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D011247:Pregnancy; D013076:Sperm Count; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*; D013194:Staining and Labeling