title: Ultrasonographic and radionuclide detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotics with low alpha-fetoprotein levels.
abstract: A total of 67 cirrhotic patients with clinically suspected neoplastic degeneration and low alpha-fetoprotein levels were assessed prospectively with ultrasound and gold (198Au) scintigraphy. Ultrasound showed space-occupying lesions in 22 of the 24 patients who had a final diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (sensitivity, 95.8%) and excluded the presence of HCC in 37 of the 43 patients with cirrhosis only (specificity, 86.0%; efficiency, 90.8%). Scintigraphy demonstrated a cold defect in 22 of the 24 patients who had a final diagnosis of HCC (sensitivity, 95.8%) and excluded the presence of HCC in 22 of the 43 patients with cirrhosis only (specificity, 51.1%; efficiency, 69.8%). It was concluded that the most accurate screening plain in cirrhotic patients suspected of having HCC with alpha-fetoprotein values below 500 ng/ml would consist of ultrasonography followed, as clinically indicated, by ultrasonographic or laparoscopic guided biopsy.
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006050:Gold Radioisotopes; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006050:Gold Radioisotopes; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins