Immunologic relationships between equine herpesvirus type 1 (equine abortion virus) and type 4 (equine rhinopneumonitis virus).
The specificity of selected immune responses to equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) and type 4 (EHV-4) was examined in 3 colostrum-deprived specific-pathogen-free foals. Single foals were vaccinated with inactivated EHV-1, inactivated EHV-4, or control cell lysate plus adjuvant followed by successive intranasal challenge exposures with EHV-1 and EHV-4 or with EHV-4 and EHV-1. Vaccination with inactivated virus preparations elicited cellular immune responses and antibody which were augmented by subsequent challenge exposures. Cellular immune responses, as measured by in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis, were cross-reactive after foals were given either EHV-1 or EHV-4. Serum virus-neutralizing antibody responses were type-specific for foals given EHV-1, but were cross-reactive after EHV-4 administrations. It was concluded that diseases caused by EHV-1 and EHV-4 may be more effectively controlled with a bivalent vaccine containing both EHV-1 and EHV-4 than with the presently used monovalent vaccines based on EHV-1 alone.
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D000939:Epitopes; D006564:Herpesviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004861:Herpesvirus 1, Equid / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D006736:Horses; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D000939:Epitopes; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014765:Viral Vaccines