title: Activation of human macrophages. Comparison of other cytokines with interferon-gamma.
abstract: Cytokines affecting mononuclear phagocytes were screened for activation of human macrophages to secrete H2O2 and kill toxoplasmas. In contrast to recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN gamma), the following factors, tested in partially or highly purified form and over a wide range of concentrations, did not augment these functions: native interferon-alpha (nIFN alpha), rIFN alpha A, rIFN alpha D, rIFN beta, colony stimulating factor (type 1) (CSF-1), CSF for granulocytes and macrophages (GM-CSF), pluripotent CSF (p-CSF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), native interleukin 2 (nIL-2), and rIL-2. Partially purified migration inhibitory factor (MIF) enhanced H2O2-releasing capacity submaximally without inducing antitoxoplasma activity, and warrants further study.
mesh_terms: D001688:Biological Products / Q000502:physiology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D016207:Cytokines; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000502:physiology*; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000254:growth & development; D019096:Vitronectin
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D016207:Cytokines; D006023:Glycoproteins; D019096:Vitronectin; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide