Substance P and behavior: opposite effects of N-terminal and C-terminal fragments.
Most of the biological actions of substance P (SP) have been thought to be mediated by the carboxy-terminal portion of the peptide. Some of the behavioral effects produced by exogenous SP exhibit a strikingly different structure-activity relationship. The N-terminal heptapeptide fragment of SP, SP(1-7), inhibits nociceptive, aggressive and grooming behaviors and stimulates investigative motor behavior, but the C-terminal hexapeptide fragment analog pyroglutamyl-SP(7-11) exerts opposite effects. While the C-terminal fragment mimics the effects of administered intact SP on motor behaviors, the N-terminal fragment mimics the effects of intact SP on aggressive and nociceptive behaviors. The significant behavioral effects of SP(1-7) and the consistently opposite behavioral effects of N- and C-terminal fragments are important new findings.
D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D006120:Grooming / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D012934:Social Isolation; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013373:Substance P / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D013997:Time Factors
D009842:Oligopeptides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D013373:Substance P; C026238:substance P (6-11), pGlu(6)-; C036877:substance P (1-7); D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid