title: The role of hydroperoxides as calcium release agents in rat brain mitochondria.
abstract: Hydroperoxides have previously been shown to induce Ca2+ release from intact rat liver mitochondria via a specific release pathway. Here it is reported that, in rat brain mitochondria, a hydroperoxide-induced Ca2+ release is also operative but is of minor importance. Hydroperoxide stimulates Ca2+ release in the presence of ruthenium red about twofold at a Ca2+ load of 40 nmol/mg mitochondrial protein. After addition of hydroperoxide, Ca2+ release from brain mitochondria can still be evoked by Na+. In the presence of succinate and rotenone, hydroperoxide induces only a very limited oxidation of pyridine nucleotides, most probably due to the low level of glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) and glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2) found in brain mitochondria. Similar to liver mitochondria, a NADase (EC 3.2.2.5) activity is found in brain mitochondria. Its localization and sensitivity toward ADP and ATP, however, is different from that of the liver mitochondrial enzyme.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D051381:Rats; D012430:Ruthenium Red / Q000494:pharmacology; D012964:Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D012430:Ruthenium Red; D012964:Sodium; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase; D002118:Calcium