title: Effects of various exposure levels of 2-phenylethanol on fetal development and survival in Long-Evans rats.
abstract: Phenylethanol was given at different levels (432, 43, or 4.3 mg/kg) by gavage to pregnant Long-Evans rats during the "critical period" of organogenesis. Examination of offspring revealed adverse reproductive and teratogenic effects in a dose-related manner. Intrauterine growth retardation occurred at levels of 432 and 4.3 mg/kg. Embryolethality was 18% at 43 mg/kg and 10% at 4.3 mg/kg. Malformations occurred in the following sequence: 100% at 432 mg/kg; 93% at 43 mg/kg, and 50% at 4.3 mg/kg. Noteworthy dose-related teratogenic effects of phenylethanol in offspring manifested themselves in increased incidences of malformed eyes, neural-tube defects, hydronephrosis, and limb defects.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000139:chemically induced; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D013723:Teratogens
chemical_list: D013723:Teratogens; D000431:Ethanol; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol