title: Thoracotomy as a staging procedure after chemotherapy in the treatment of Stage III nonseminomatous carcinoma of the testis.
abstract: Of 108 patients with a nonseminomatous testicular carcinoma, 28 with lung metastases were studied. After combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin (PVB), 11 patients underwent exploratory thoracotomy. Viable carcinomatous tissue, along with fibrosis, necrosis, and mature teratoma, was found in 4 patients. Three of these patients were successfully retreated with VP 16-213, cisplatin, and actinomycin D. In patients with residual pulmonary or mediastinal masses after chemotherapy, resection of the lesions is mandatory to demonstrate viable carcinoma so that treatment can be readministered. Thus, in our view, thoracotomy is a diagnostic procedure.
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012187:Retroperitoneal Space; D013724:Teratoma / Q000473:pathology; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D013903:Thoracic Surgery; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001761:Bleomycin; D014747:Vinblastine; D002945:Cisplatin