Interaction of reovirus with cell surface receptors. IV. The reovirus type 3 receptor is expressed predominantly on murine Lyt-2,3+ and human T8+ cells.
Reovirus type 3 binds to approximately 20% of murine and human T cells via the viral hemagglutinin, a small outer capsid polypeptide. By using purified viral particles as a ligand in a standard plate separation technique, we have been able to enrich human peripheral blood and murine splenic T cells for reovirus receptor-positive cells (reovirus 3+) to levels of 88 to 92%. Analysis of reovirus 3+ T cells with monoclonal antibodies that identify inducer and suppressor/cytotoxic cells demonstrated that in the mouse, 68% of reovirus 3+ cells were Lyt-2+, and in the human, 60% were T8+. In reciprocal experiments, when subpopulations of murine and human T cells were prepared with the use of monoclonal anti-T cell reagents, 16% of Lyt-1+ and 81% of Lyt-2+ cells bound reovirus, whereas 30% of T4+ and 65% of T8+ cells bound reovirus. To determine whether reovirus type 3 identified a functional as well as a phenotypic category of cells, an antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell assay was employed. There was complete loss of cytotoxic activity in the reovirus 3+ cell population and slight enhancement of cytotoxic activity in the cell population from which reovirus 3+ cells were removed. This suggested that reovirus was binding to functionally active suppressor cells. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of antigen-specific T cells that were enriched for reovirus 3+ cells demonstrated suppression of cytoxic T cell activity. These results suggest that reovirus type 3 may identify a structure common to a subclass of murine and human T cells and that by using the virus as a natural biologic probe for cell surface receptors, one may be able to functionally segregate murine cytotoxic from suppressor T cells.
D000818:Animals; D000950:Antigens, Ly / Q000276:immunology; D002469:Cell Separation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010641:Phenotype; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D012087:Reoviridae / Q000378:metabolism*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology
D000950:Antigens, Ly; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D011991:Receptors, Virus