title: Recurrent neuroleptic malignant syndrome due to tiapride and haloperidol: the possible role of D-2 dopamine receptors.
abstract: Two typical recurrent episodes of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) in the same patient are described. The first episode was caused by a sulpiride derivative, tiapride. This is the first case in which a drug of the benzamide group has been reported to have caused such adverse drug reaction. In the second episode, NMS occurred due to haloperidol in the lowest dose ever reported and was accompanied by highly excessive levels of various muscle enzymes. Involvement of hypothalamic and striatal dopamine system, and particularly of D-2 subtype receptors, is suggested by this case.
mesh_terms: D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D001549:Benzamides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009459:Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D012008:Recurrence; D012563:Schizophrenia, Paranoid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D013976:Tiapamil Hydrochloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D006220:Haloperidol; D013976:Tiapamil Hydrochloride