title: Comparative activities of ciprofloxacin (Bay o 9867), norfloxacin, pipemidic acid, and nalidixic acid.
abstract: An agar dilution method was used to measure the minimal inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin (Bay o 9867), norfloxacin, pipemidic acid, and nalidixic acid against 496 clinical isolates. Ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin were active against all species tested (90% minimal inhibitory concentrations less than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml), although ciprofloxacin was somewhat more active, e.g., against gram-positive cocci. Pipemidic acid and nalidixic acid were active against most of the members of the Enterobacteriaceae, but Klebsiella species and Providencia stuartii were only inhibited by a high concentration of nalidixic acid.
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009268:Nalidixic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009539:Nicotinic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009643:Norfloxacin; D010876:Pipemidic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009539:Nicotinic Acids; D011804:Quinolines; D009268:Nalidixic Acid; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D010876:Pipemidic Acid; D009643:Norfloxacin