title: Moxalactam pharmacokinetics in children.
abstract: We measured the serum concentrations of moxalactam in 10 children receiving antibiotic prophylaxis for surgery and in 18 children treated for documented or suspected infections. Moxalactam was administered intravenously at a dose of 50 mg/kg every 8 h. After the first dose in 28 patients, mean moxalactam concentrations 5 min, 30 min, 2 h, and 8 h after infusion were 257, 177, 82.2, and 17.5 micrograms/ml, respectively. The mean half-life (T 1/2) was 2.44 h (range: 0.55 to 7.96 h). The mean distribution volume (VD) was 0.30 liters per kg. No significant accumulation was observed with multiple doses. Prophylactic and therapeutic groups had similar serum levels, T 1/2, and VD. The five infants less than 1 year of age had a lower mean 30-min level (P less than 0.01), larger VD (P less than 0.001) and longer T 1/2 (P less than 0.025) than the children older than 1 year. A dose of 50 mg/kg produced 30-min levels in excess of 64 microgram/ml in all patients studied, but 8-h trough levels were below the minimal inhibitory concentrations breakpoint of 17 mg/ml in 32% of patients.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002513:Cephamycins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007700:Kinetics; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009070:Moxalactam; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; D002513:Cephamycins; D009070:Moxalactam