title: Helper cells in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction. III. Production of helper factor(s) distinct from interleukin 2.
abstract: In normal mice, the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) can activate helper T cells that, in the presence of hapten-modified syngeneic cells, can induce a hapten-specific cytotoxic response. Supernatants from AMLR cultures contain a factor(s) that will mediate a cytotoxic T cell response to hapten-altered self. The AMLR factor is effective in facilitating the generation of cytotoxicity only in those cultures containing both T cells and hapten-altered, syngeneic, nonstimulatory cells. Factor production requires an interaction between Lyt-1+23- cells and non-T cells (the T cells synthesize it). The AMLR factor does not appear to be interleukin 2 (IL-2) because it does not activate thymocytes in the presence of antigen, nor does it maintain an IL-2-dependent cell line or function in co-stimulator assays. For the AMLR factor to facilitate the generation of cytotoxicity, thymic adherent cells are a necessary intermediate. These data suggest that the factor recoverable from AMLR cultures acts early in the cytotoxic pathway, before IL-1 production.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008211:Lymphocyte Cooperation; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000166:cytology; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*; D014301:Trinitrobenzenes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D014301:Trinitrobenzenes