The effect of ethanol upon early development in mice and rats. V. In vivo effect of acute preimplantation intoxication with or without previous chronic alcoholization.
Albino rats (Wistar) and albino mice (RAP) were either injected intravenously with ethanol during the preimplantation period (day 4 and 3, respectively) or injected in the same way after a previous chronic alcoholization (peroral consumption of 20% ethanol for 50-60 and 32-35 days, respectively before mating, adding the days until killing). The control of possible effects was performed on day 5 (rats) and 4 (mice) by usual flushing, examination and photographing of oviductal and uterine embryos. A group of albino rats, with chronic alcoholization, was controlled for late, fetal effects (resorption rate, skeletal control, possible ocular anomalies). The main results obtained were as follows: Acute ethanol intoxication. Rats: significant increase of pathological, fragmented preimplantation embryos with a marked "litter effect". Mice: no deleterious effect upon preimplantation development. Chronic alcoholization + acute ethanol intoxication. Rats: significant retardation of the preimplantation development rate and a significant increase of the number of pathological, fragmented embryos with a marked "litter effect". Mice: demonstrable advance of preimplantation development and migration rate. Chronic alcoholization--late fetal control in rats: the increase of resorption rate; the more frequent absence of sacral vertebrae; very rare rib anomalies and the absence of ocular malformations.
D000437:Alcoholism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000187:drug effects*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
D000431:Ethanol