title: Treatment of intraabdominal infection with moxalactam.
abstract: Forty-eight case report forms for patients with cultures positive for intraabdominal infection treated with moxalactam were reviewed. The infections included abscess or peritonitis due to appendicitis (26); intraabdominal abscess of other causes (7); peritonitis due to bowel perforation (6), bowel infarction (5), or salpingitis (3); and gangrenous cholecystitis (1). Cultures of peritoneal fluid or abscess contents were performed for all patients. Seventy-eight aerobes and 118 anaerobes were isolated from the 48 patients. Thirty-eight patients (79.2%) were cured, therapy failed in nine (18.8%), and one (2%) developed fatal superinfection with Candida. The nine patients for whom treatment failed had a higher frequency of resistant anaerobes in their initial cultures (59%) than did the patients who were cured (29%; P = 0.036). An enterococcal isolate appeared to play a role in at least one treatment failure. There were no serious adverse reactions; eosinophilia (greater than 500 eosinophils/mm3) occurred in 17.4% of the patients, and phlebitis at the intravenous administration site occurred in one patient. Thus moxalactam shows promise as a single agent for the treatment of intraabdominal infections.
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002513:Cephamycins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009070:Moxalactam; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; D002513:Cephamycins; D009070:Moxalactam