title: Five patients with iodine-induced hyperthyroidism.
abstract: Iodine-induced hyperthyroidism has been frequently described when iodine is introduced into an iodine-deficient area. However, it may also occur in patients with and without previous thyroid disease residing in iodine-sufficient areas. Five patients with iodine-induced hyperthyroidism seen in a 12-month period are described. All were exposed to iodine in the form of commonly used drugs (Betadine, Iodo-Niacin, amiodarone, and radiographic contrast dyes). The cause of iodine-induced hyperthyroidism is unclear, but it is probably more common in patients with goiters containing previously existing areas of autonomous function or iodine-poor thyroglobulin. Iodine-induced hyperthyroidism usually abates after iodine withdrawal in patients with multinodular goiters or normal thyroid glands. The hyperthyroidism is usually treated with beta-blockers and antithyroid thionamide drugs, although reinstitution of iodine to block thyroid hormone release or corticosteroids occasionally may be necessary. Iodine-containing drugs should be given with caution to patients with underlying thyroid disease.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000638:Amiodarone / Q000009:adverse effects; D002724:Chlorobutanol / Q000009:adverse effects; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D004338:Drug Combinations / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006044:Goiter, Nodular / Q000188:drug therapy; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D007455:Iodine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000009:adverse effects; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011206:Povidone-Iodine / Q000009:adverse effects; D011441:Propylthiouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000009:adverse effects; D012974:Sodium Iodide / Q000009:adverse effects; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; C042112:iodo-niacin; D009536:Niacinamide; D011441:Propylthiouracil; D011206:Povidone-Iodine; D007455:Iodine; D012974:Sodium Iodide; D002724:Chlorobutanol; D000638:Amiodarone