title: Normal urinary flow for girls aged 3-14 years.
abstract: 103 healthy girls aged 3-14 in whom urological illness or chronic urinary tract infection could be ruled out were examined uroflowmetrically with a "Mictiograph" operating on the rotation-dynamic principle. The 103 girls were subdivided into 2 groups: 3-7 years (N:53) and 8-14 years (N:50). For both age groups we could establish uroflowmetric results (volume, micturition time, average flow, maximum flow, time required for attaining maximum flow) and subject them to statistical scrutiny. For all 5 uroflow parameters we figured the mean, variance, and standard deviation for both age groups. In a variance analysis we were able to document significant group differences for volume, average flow and maximum flow. Basing on these results it was possible to represent the correlation of average and maximum flow with volume for both age groups using lines of regression. Moreover, in the group aged 8-14 there existed a linear relation of volume, average flow and maximum flow to age. Naturally, some girls will continue to require a combined urodynamic examination. But by means of the statistically validated uroflow norms presented here, better differentiation from pathological results can be attained, and uroflow measurements in girls can now be regarded as reliable indicators.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012015:Reference Standards; D012212:Rheology; D014554:Urination