title: Method for detecting production of zearalenone, zearalenol, T-2 toxin, and deoxynivalenol by Fusarium isolates.
abstract: Three methods for detecting toxigenic fusaria in culture were compared by using known producers of zearalenone, zearalenol, T-2 toxin, and deoxynivalenol. Moist, autoclaved rice cultures of known toxigenic isolates grown in 20-ml tubes yielded oily extracts containing compounds which interfered with qualitative and quantitative analysis for the mycotoxins. Vermiculite moistened with nutrient broth in 20-ml tubes yielded a much cleaner extract. Growing the fungi on a liquid medium required a shorter incubation period, but yields of T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol were low and variable, and the method required greater space in the incubator. Screening of the extracts by thin-layer chromatography with colorimetric spray reagents to detect the presence of these toxins permitted reduction in the number of extracts quantified by the more lengthy gas-liquid chromatographic method. Culturing in nutrient broth on vermiculite in tubes coupled to a qualitative screen before quantitation proved to be a convenient, inexpensive, and relatively rapid method that enabled reliable screening of a large number of Fusarium isolates for toxin production as compared with prior methods.
mesh_terms: D003470:Culture Media; D005670:Fusarium / Q000254:growth & development*; D012118:Resorcinols / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015029:Zeranol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D012118:Resorcinols; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D014255:Trichothecenes; C029659:zearalenol; D015025:Zearalenone; D015029:Zeranol; C007262:deoxynivalenol