title: Menstrual pattern changes following laparoscopic sterilization with different occlusion techniques: a review of 10,004 cases.
abstract: A comparison is made of menstrual pattern changes reported by 10,004 women undergoing interval and postabortion sterilization by the laparoscopic occlusive techniques of unipolar electrocoagulation, the tubal ring, the prototype spring-loaded clip, and the Rocket clip. Controlling for prior contraceptive use, the menstrual patterns in these women sterilized by the four techniques were compared with respect to six parameters: cycle regularity, cycle length, menstrual flow duration, amount of flow, dysmenorrhea, and intermenstrual bleeding. The majority of women reported no menstrual changes subsequent to sterilization. When changes were experienced, they occurred in equal proportions in opposite directions. Depending on the parameter, from 15% to 79% of the menstrual pattern changes seen within 6 months after sterilization in women who were using oral contraceptives or intrauterine contraceptive devices at the time of sterilization could be attributed to the discontinuation of those methods of contraception. There were no significant differences between the several occlusion technique groups with respect to the proportion of women who reported changes in their menstrual patterns after sterilization.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003267:Contraception / Q000379:methods; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D004564:Electrocoagulation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008598:Menstruation; D008599:Menstruation Disturbances / Q000209:etiology*; D013246:Sterilization, Tubal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral