Effect of sucrose and Acarbose feeding on the development of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in the rat.
The effects of sucrose and Acarbose (alpha-glucosidase inhibitor) feeding on the development of diabetes were studied in streptozotocin-treated rats. Rats were raised on four different dietary regimens, viz, a sucrose diet (46% of the total weight in the form of sucrose, 24% as starch), a starch diet (70% as starch), a standard diet (laboratory chow: Oriental Yeast Co.) or an Acarbose diet (a standard diet containing 75 mg Acarbose/100g diet) for a week followed by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (70 mg/kg). Development of diabetes was determined by urinary and blood glucose levels (more than 250 mg/dl). The incidence of diabetes in the groups of rats fed on sucrose, starch, standard, and Acarbose diets was 100%, 80%, 70% and 47.6%, respectively. The development of diabetes was accelerated by sucrose feeding and depressed by Acarbose feeding. There was mild diabetes in rats fed on Acarbose diet. The sucrose feeding caused a marked increase of disaccharidase activities in the proximal part of the intestine and in the apical part of the villus-crypt gradient of epithelial cells. The Acarbose feeding caused a significant decrease of disaccharidase activities. The changes in protein content of the sucrase-isomaltase complex appeared to be in parallel with those of disaccharidase activities. These results suggest that intestinal disaccharidase activities are involved in the development of experimental diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
D020909:Acarbose; D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004186:Disaccharidases / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007422:Intestines / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013213:Starch / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013311:Streptozocin; D013395:Sucrose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014312:Trisaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D014312:Trisaccharides; D013395:Sucrose; D013311:Streptozocin; D013213:Starch; D004186:Disaccharidases; D005947:Glucose; D020909:Acarbose