title: Alterations of glycosaminoglycans synthesized by chick embryo cartilage treated with 6-amino-nicotinamide.
abstract: Treatment of day-4 chick embryos with 6-aminonicotinamide (6-AN) impairs limb chondrogenesis and produces micromelia. However, treatment of day-10 chick embryos with 6-AN does not produce micromelia. In the present study, the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) biosynthesis in the cartilage isolated from the day-10 chick embryos treated with 6-AN in vitro and in the cartilage from the day-11 chick embryos treated with 6-AN in ovo at day-10 was examined. In the epiphyseal cartilage treated in vitro, the radioactivity incorporated into the GAG fraction was significantly decreased and the 35S/3H ratio in the GAG fraction and the molecular size of GAG chain were also decreased. However, the percent distribution of delta Di-0S was almost unchanged. In the epiphyseal and diaphyseal cartilage treated in ovo at day-10, the alteration in GAG biosynthesis was not observed except the reduction of the molecular size of GAG in epiphyseal cartilage. Furthermore, the biosynthetic activity of GAG in the process of recovery/repair was also examined using the micromelial cartilage isolated from day 11-chick embryos given 6-AN in ovo at day-4. In the diaphyseal cartilage, the radioactivity incorporated into the GAG fraction and the 35S/3H ratio were increased, whereas the percent distribution of delta Di-0S was almost unchanged. These results indicate that treatment of day-4 chick embryos with 6-AN produces the rebound phenomena in the diaphyseal cartilage isolated at day-11.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
mesh_terms: D015120:6-Aminonicotinamide / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002356:Cartilage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D009536:Niacinamide; D015120:6-Aminonicotinamide; D005944:Glucosamine