Prostaglandins: role in renin regulation and mediation of antihypertensive drug effects.
A role of prostaglandins in renin regulation has been recognized in animals and man. Indomethacin, a blocker of prostaglandin synthesis, lowers plasma renin activity, renal prostaglandin synthesis and causes sodium retention in man. It is shown that the sodium retaining effect of indomethacin can be separated from its effect on plasma renin activity. A more precise definition of the mechanisms whereby prostaglandins influence renin release is given showing that the baroreceptor and the macula densa mechanisms of renin release are affected by prostaglandins. Investigations aiming at the indentification of the prostaglandin responsible for cylooxygenase--dependent renin regulator reveal that PGI2 is a prominent prostaglandin biosynthesized in the renal cortex and causes renin release in vivo and in vitro. A hypothesis is presented which postulates that prostaglandin dependent renin release is mediated by prostacyclin. Various antihypertensive drug effects can be antagonized by blockers of prostaglandin biosynthesis. Possible mechanisms of such drug interactions between propranolol, hydralazine and diuretics on the one hand and indomethacin and aspirin on the other hand are discussed.
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism; D004232:Diuretics / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000187:drug effects; D012083:Renin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D002395:Catecholamines; D004232:Diuretics; D011453:Prostaglandins; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D012964:Sodium; D012083:Renin