title: The release of inflammatory mediators from neutrophils.
abstract: Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes exposed to phagocytic stimuli undergo a series of cellular reactions designed to eliminate foreign invaders such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi. The responses of human granulocytes to the stimuli of phagocytosis are initiated at the cell surface and proceed in the following sequence: a. ligand binding to surface receptors; b. membrane hyperpolarization; c. O2- generation by a surface oxidase and 1O2 metabolism; d. generation of thromboxanes and prostaglandins; e. lysosomal enzyme secretion. These events, known as 'stimulus-secretion coupling', result in the secretion of toxic substances which, though intended to end up in the phagocytic vacuole, may escape to the extracellular space where they initiate inflammation.
mesh_terms: D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000276:immunology; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D009239:N-Formylmethionine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000276:immunology; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000276:immunology; D009861:Onium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D009895:Opsonin Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D010587:Phagocytosis; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014320:Triphenylmethyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D009842:Oligopeptides; D009861:Onium Compounds; D009895:Opsonin Proteins; D014320:Triphenylmethyl Compounds; D013481:Superoxides; C011561:triphenylmethylphosphonium; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D009239:N-Formylmethionine; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide