title: [Developments in foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine production (author's transl)].
abstract: Cattle in the Netherlands are annually vaccinated with MDV-vaccine which is prepared from FMD-virus grown in 'surviving' bovine lingual epithelium. This 'Frenkel production system' which was developed in the Central Veterinary Institute during the forties and early fifties is still fully operative under practically the same conditions as those by the late Dr. Frenkel. However, recent experiments show that the method can be made more productive among others by regulating the PH. Particulary in non-European countries FMD-vaccines are prepared from virus produced in suspension cultures of a Baby-Hamster kidney (BHK) cell line. In the present author's variant of the system, virus is produced in growing BHK cells. This is possible as antibodies were removed from the serum in the culture medium by pretreatment of the serum with PEG. Virus was partly purified and concentrated by a precipation-filtration-elution (PFE) process: virus is precipated with PEG, the precipated virus is collected (with 'filter-aid') on a filter and eluted by pumping a buffer solution through the filter cake. Adequate protection of cattle was obtained with Al(OH)3-vaccines, which were prepared from these AEI-inactivated antigens. For the vaccination of pigs, satisfactory results were obtained with double-oil emulsion (W/O/W) vaccines prepared from these antigens. For long-term storage below -70 degrees C, antigen was highly concentrated (200 x) by a second PFE cycle. Purified antigen was obtained, which, if incorporated in double oil emulsion vaccines, has so far induced satisfactory protection of pigs. By this method, a strategic stock of concentrated inactivated antigen may be built up in order to make it possible to produce large amounts of vaccine in a last.minute operation.
mesh_terms: D005537:Aphthovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014776:Virus Cultivation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D014765:Viral Vaccines
vernacular_title: Ontwikkelingen bij de mond- en klauwzeer vaccin-produktie.