title: Activation of ouabain-sensitive p-nitrophenylphosphatase by carbachol and cGMP in rat submandibular gland.
abstract: Na+,K+-ATPase activity was monitored by measuring ouabain-sensitive K+-dependent p-nitrophenylphosphatase (p-NPPase) activity in rat submandibular gland slices. Carbachol (carbamylcholine chloride) stimulated the p-NPPase activity in the presence of calcium but not in its absence. Carbachol activation of the enzyme was totally ouabain sensitive and could be blocked by atropine. A minimal requirement of sodium ion extracellularly was required for this carbachol stimulation. cGMP and its dibutyryl analogue was also effective in stimulating the enzyme activity, whereas, cAMP was ineffective. Calcium, however, was not required for cGMP activation of the p-NPPase activity. The result indicates that calcium is the second messenger and cGMP is the tertiary connection between cholinergic stimulation and Na+,K+-ATPase activation in these glands. Activation of Na+,K+-ATPase is postulated to be responsible for primary fluid formation.
mesh_terms: D009597:4-Nitrophenylphosphatase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003994:Bucladesine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003995:Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D010042:Ouabain / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism*; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D003995:Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP; D010042:Ouabain; D003994:Bucladesine; D001285:Atropine; D002217:Carbachol; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D009597:4-Nitrophenylphosphatase; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D002118:Calcium