title: Protectivity of herpes simplex virus antigens: studies in mice on the adjuvant effect of PICLC and on the dependence of protection on T cell competence.
abstract: The efficacy of a herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) envelope antigen (EAG) preparation against HSV infection was studied in T cell competent and T cell deficient mice. Immuno-competent mice were successfully protected against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) or type 2 (HSV-2) infection when immunized 2 weeks prior to this infection with a heat-inactivated whole virus preparation or a HSV-1 envelope antigen (HSV-1 EAG) preparation. Since HSV-1 EAG was considerably less effective than the whole virus preparation, a poly.riboinosinic-poly.ribocytidylic acid complex with poly-L-lysine and carboxymethylcellulose (PICLC) was used as adjuvant. Immunization with HSV-1 EAG plus PICLC resulted in a pronounced increase of this protection rate as compared with that obtained after immunization solely with HSV-1 EAG. PICLC alone, however, offered no protection when given 2 weeks before challenge. In T cell deficient nu/nu mice no protection was achieved with HSV-1 EAG while their T cell competent, heterozygous littermates were protected. From these results it may be concluded that T cell competence is a prerequisite for establishing a protective immunity against HSV infection after immunization with HSV-1 EAG.
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000276:immunology* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007121:Immunocompetence; D008747:Methylcellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010455:Peptides / Q000276:immunology*; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000276:immunology*; D011107:Polylysine / Q000276:immunology* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D010455:Peptides; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D011107:Polylysine; C019531:poly ICLC; D008747:Methylcellulose; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; D011070:Poly I-C