title: Cell cycle-specific enhancement of type C virus activation by sodium n-butyrate.
abstract: The effect of sodium n-butyrate on chemical induction of xenotropic virus from synchronized Kirsten sarcoma virus-transformed BALB mouse cells was examined. When added during the last part of the G1 phase, n-butyrate produced a large increase in cycloheximide induction during S phase. Under similar conditions, activation by 5-iododeoxyuridine was inhibited. When added with cycloheximide during the S phase, n-butyrate inhibited activation of virus. Studies with synchronized cultures showed that n-butyrate delayed the onset of DNA synthesis, characteristic of the S phase, and inhibited histone deacetylation in log-phase cells. The effects produced by n-butyrate could, therefore, be the result of lengthening the G1 phase of the cell cycle or a modification of histones affecting transcription during virus activation.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002087:Butyrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000494:pharmacology; D007065:Idoxuridine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002087:Butyrates; D006657:Histones; D003513:Cycloheximide; D007065:Idoxuridine; D006918:Hydroxyurea