Monovalent cation metabolism and cytopathic effects of poliovirus-infected HeLa cells.
To better understand the significance of 22Na+ accumulation by poliovirus-infected HeLa cells (C. N. Nair, J. W. Stowers, and B. Singfield, J. Virol. 31:184, 1979), measurements of cellular Na+, K+, and Cl- contents, volume, and density were carried out at intervals after infection. In addition, the rates of 22Na+ washout from infected and control cells were determined. Starting at around 3 h postinfection, the Na+ content of infected cells increased, whereas the K+ content decreased progressively, resulting in a net loss in the monovalent cation content decreased progressively, resulting in a net loss in the monovalent cation content per cell. The loss in cellular chloride content exceeded that in monovalent cation content. The kinetics of 22Na+ washout from infected and control cells revealed the presence of an extra Na+ compartment in infected cells. A net loss in the monovalent cation activity of infected cells was indicated by the loss of cell water as reflected in a decrease in cell volume and an increase in cell density. In spite of a net loss in monovalent cation content per cell, Na+ accumulation coupled with cell shrinkage resulted in substantial increases in the concentrations of not only Na+ but also K+. The results suggested a possible role for tonicity change in the morphological lesions of poliovirus cytotoxicity.
D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000378:metabolism*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*
D002712:Chlorides; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium