Left ventricular morphology and function in mild to moderate essential hypertension.
150 males with mild to moderate essential hypertension [EH] were examined echocardiographically and the findings in the left ventricle [LV] were compared with those in 20 normotensive men. Increased LV wall thickness and LV mass was found in 81% and 67% of hypertensives respectively in contrast with a complete absence of LV hypertrophy in normotensives. The former showed also a tendency to the concentric type hypertrophy, which can be considered a characteristic feature of the 2nd stage [WHO] EH. There was an almost uniform incidence of asymmetric septal hypertrophy in the two groups [12 vs. 10%]. Decreased LV end-systolic wall stress in EH was a sign of compensatory myocardial hypertrophy without LV dilatation. The hypertensives exhibited a normal or slightly elevated systolic LV function. On the other hand, some indirect indices of LV properties [peak rate of LV relaxation and left atrial dimension] were indicative of diastolic function impairment. A slight but significant correlation between the degree of LV hypertrophy and systemic blood pressure at rest was found in a part of hypertensive patients. The study indicates that mild to moderate EH leads to some changes in LV morphology and function, which can be easily recognized by echocardiography.
D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002306:Cardiac Volume; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000503:physiopathology; D004452:Echocardiography; D006346:Heart Septum / Q000503:physiopathology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009200:Myocardial Contraction