Prevention of varicella in urgent cases by passive transfer of vaccine-induced immunity.
For the purpose of preventing spread of infection to high risk children whose immunities were severely impaired by intensive chemotherapy or for some other reason, when cases of varicella occurred in a children's ward or in a family, healthy adults (mothers and a doctor) were immediately given live varicella vaccine, blood was collected from these adults 5 to 7 days after vaccination and the whole blood or plasma including the buffy coat was transferred in the high risk children. Subsequently the children showed little or no clinical reaction, and follow-up studies by the neutralizing test and skin test with varicella antigen indicated that their inapparent or subclinical varicella infection occurred in them and that their immunity to varicella was lasting. Skin tests with varicella antigen showed that booster reaction occurred in adults with a previous history of varicella as early as 5 to 7 days after vaccination. The cellular immunity thus induced in the donors may have played a role in preventing a clinical reaction in the high risk children. Thus passive transfer of vaccine-induced immunity seems a convenient and effective method for preventing infection in subjects whose immune capacities are severely impaired.
D000328:Adult; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D002644:Chickenpox / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D014645:Herpesvirus 3, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007116:Immunization, Passive / Q000379:methods*; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D012882:Skin Tests; D014765:Viral Vaccines
D014765:Viral Vaccines