title: Metabolic epidemiology of large bowel cancer. Fecal mutagens in high- and low-risk population for colon cancer. A preliminary report.
abstract: Because of potential significance of fecal mutagens in the pathogenesis of colon cancer, the dietary pattern and fecal mutagens of 3 populations with distinct risk for the development of colon cancer, a high-risk population in New York Metropolitan area (non-Seventh-Day Adventists), a low-risk population of vegetarian Seventh-Day Adventists in New York Metropolitan area and a low-risk population in rural Kuopio, Finland were studied. The average daily intake of protein was the same in the 3 groups, but the sources were different, a greater portion coming from meat in the New York non-Seventh-Day Adventists and from vegetables in Seventh-Day Adventists. The intake of fat was lower in Seventh-Day Adventists and higher in Kuopio and in New York non-Seventh-Day Adventists. The intake of dietary fiber was high in Kuopio compared to other groups. Fecal samples collected for 2 days were freeze-dried extracted with peroxide-free diethyl ether, partially purified on a silica-gel column and assayed for mutagenicity using the Salmonella/mammalian microsome mutagenicity test. The mutagenic activity was observed with Salmonella typhimurium tester strain TA98 without microsomal activation and with TA100 with and without microsomal activation in high-risk subjects from New York consuming a high-fat, high-meat diet. The incidence of fecal mutagen activity was higher in volunteers from New York consuming a high-fat, high-meat diet compared to low-risk rural Kuopio population. None of the vegetarian Seventh-Day Adventists showed any mutagenic activity.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002835:Christianity; D003106:Colon / Q000382:microbiology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D004032:Diet; D014676:Diet, Vegetarian; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005006:Ethnicity; D005243:Feces / Q000032:analysis*; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000009:adverse effects; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009519:New York City; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D009153:Mutagens