title: Identification of papillomaviruses in butchers' warts.
abstract: We have studied the papillomaviruses found in the hand warts of 60 butchers, most of them from 2 distant slaughterhouses. Warts differing in morphology and location were studied separately. The viruses were identified by molecular hybridization, restriction enzyme analysis and immunofluorescence. Four known human papillomaviruses (HPV-1, HPV-2, HPV-3, HPV-4) were detected and one hitherto unknown papillomavirus was identified in 9 butchers. The DNA of the latter virus did not anneal with any of the RNAs complementary to either HPV-1 to HPV-5 or bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) DNAs, and showed a Hind II + III restriction enzyme cleavage pattern distinct from those of known HPVs and BPVs. This virus showed distinct antigenic properties, as shown by immunofluorescence, using HPV-1, -2, -3, -5, and BPV-1 antisera. It may represent a new type of human papillomavirus (HPV-7) or a yet unidentified animal papillomavirus. In addition, 6 butchers were found to be infected with a papillomavirus, distinct from the known skin HPVs and from BPV-1, which could not be characterized by restriction enzyme analysis. Eleven butchers were found to be infected by 2 viruses. A characteristic histological pattern was found to be associated with the different papillomaviruses.
mesh_terms: D052688:Bovine papillomavirus 1 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005511:Food Handling; D006229:Hand Dermatoses / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008460:Meat; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012874:Skin Diseases, Infectious / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014860:Warts / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral