title: Effectiveness of allopurinol against Leishmania braziliensis panamensis in Aotus trivirgatus.
abstract: Orally administered allopurinol at 50 mg/kg for 21 days showed pronounced antileishmanial activity against experimentally induced lesions of Leishmania braziliensis panamensis on the nose of Panamanian Aotus trivirgatus monkeys, with complete healing in 4 of 5, although parasitologic cure was achieved in only 2 of 5. The same total daily dose of drug, given in a divided dose twice daily, resulted in complete healing in all 5, and parasitologic cure in 4 of 5 animals. Standard treatment controls receiving 40 mg/kg of antimony stibogluconate intramuscularly for 15 days showed healing in 4 of 5 monkeys. It is not known if a similar level of effectiveness would result with this dose of allopurinol in humans, since Aotus may have a different pattern of metabolic conversion of the drug to the more active riboside.
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000493:Allopurinol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000967:Antimony Sodium Gluconate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001029:Aotus trivirgatus; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000493:Allopurinol; D000967:Antimony Sodium Gluconate