title: A dual effect of cobalt ions on the spontaneous release of transmitter at insect motor nerve terminals.
abstract: 1. The effect of extracellular cobalt on the frequency of miniature excitatory post-synaptic potentials (MEPSPs) was studied in cockroach leg muscle fibres that had been depolarized with 20.8 mM-K saline. 2. Cobalt ions had a dual effect on the spontaneous release of transmitter, an inhibitory action being followed by an acceleratory. A reciprocal relationship between Ca2+ and Co2+ was found for both the inhibitory and acceleratory effects. 3. The equilibrium dissociation constant for Co2+ as a competitive antagonist of spontaneous release ranged from 0.4 to 0.65 mM. It is concluded that Co2+ is much more potent than Mg2+ in suppressing spontaneous transmitter release at the insect neuromuscular junction. The antagonism by extracellular Co2+ appears to occur only at the external surface site on the terminal membrane.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D003035:Cobalt / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects*; D010526:Periplaneta; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D003035:Cobalt; D000109:Acetylcholine; D002118:Calcium