Regulation of intracellular protein degradation by insulin and growth factors.
Protein breakdown in many cell lines is inhibited by growth factors. The response is specific, rapid and additive only at suboptimal concentrations. Transformed cells are typically more sensitive to growth factors than nontransformed cells while the effectiveness of growth factors in human fibroblasts is diminished with senescence. Bovine colostrum has been shown to be an extremely rich source of growth factors as compared to serum.
D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D003126:Colostrum / Q000502:physiology; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms; D051379:Mice; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000494:pharmacology
D006133:Growth Substances; D007328:Insulin; D010455:Peptides; D011506:Proteins; D013002:Somatomedins; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor