title: Adenosine diphosphate ribosylation of chicken-erythrocyte histones H1, H5 and high-mobility-group proteins by purified calf-thymus poly(adenosinediphosphate-ribose) polymerase.
abstract: Poly(ADP-ribosylation) of histones H1, H5 and non-histone chromosomal high-mobility-group proteins HMG 1, 2, 14 and 17 from chicken erythrocytes by purified calf thymus poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase was studied using acid/urea/Triton gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. With histone H1, besides ADP-ribosylated H1 supporting short chains of polymer, the appearance of H1 'dimer' was observed and this reaction was dependent on NAD concentration and incubation time. In addition, highly modified and/or aggregated species of histone H1 were observed. Histone H5 was slightly ADP-ribosylated at low NAD concentrations. At higher NAD concentrations or after longer incubations the formation of H5 'dimer' and of more modified forms of H5 could be observed. HMG 1 and HMG 2 were found to be ADP-ribosylated, the reaction being dependent on NAD concentration and time. Here again some discrete intermediates appeared. HMG 14 and HMG 17 were only slightly ADP-ribosylated under our experimental conditions. These results indicate that the purified DNA-independent poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase can catalyse the formation of H1 'dimer' as in nuclei and nucleosomes and that H5 and HMG proteins can also be ADP-ribosylated and produce well-defined higher complexes. These modifications of nuclear proteins may provide a means of localized conformational changes of the chromatin structure in vivo.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002384:Catalysis; D002417:Cattle; D002645:Chickens; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000097:blood*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D006657:Histones / Q000097:blood*; D009243:NAD / Q000494:pharmacology; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase / Q000502:physiology*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000502:physiology*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D006657:Histones; D009243:NAD; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase