title: In vitro and in vivo responses of cytomegalovirus to acyclovir.
abstract: Laboratory strains and fresh isolates of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) were tested for sensitivity to acyclovir. Fifty percent inhibition was achieved at about 10 micrograms/ml, but 25 to 100 micrograms/ml was necessary for 90 percent or greater inhibition. Acyclovir was administered intravenously to four patients with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. There was only a temporary diminution of virus titer in the urine and no obvious clinical improvement. One child experienced hematuria. Pharmacokinetic studies showed a large volume of distribution and slow excretion of acyclovir with a half-life of approximately three hours.
mesh_terms: D000212:Acyclovir; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000187:drug effects*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006147:Guanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007700:Kinetics
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D006147:Guanine; D000212:Acyclovir