title: The repair of DNA damage: recent developments and new insights.
abstract: This brief review presents the salient features of new developments in the enzymatic repair of base damage to DNA. DNA glycosylases and apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases are reviewed and evidence is presented that in at least two prokaryote systems incision of UV-irradiated DNA occurs by the sequential action of these two classes of enzymes. In contradistinction, the uvrA, uvrB, and uvrC gene products of E coli appear to function as a multi-protein complex that catalyzes hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in damaged DNA directly. The inducible rapid repair of O6-methylguanine in E coli is also reviewed.
mesh_terms: D004247:DNA / Q000528:radiation effects; D045647:DNA Glycosylases; D004260:DNA Repair; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase; D043223:Deoxyribonuclease IV (Phage T4-Induced); D003851:Deoxyribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases; D004720:Endonucleases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology / Q000528:radiation effects; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D005796:Genes; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011740:Pyrimidine Dimers; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D011740:Pyrimidine Dimers; C032219:UV endonuclease; D004247:DNA; D003851:Deoxyribonucleases; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases; D004720:Endonucleases; D043223:Deoxyribonuclease IV (Phage T4-Induced); C468972:endonuclease IV, E coli; D045647:DNA Glycosylases; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase