An adherent cell lyses virus-infected targets: characterization, activation, and fine specificity of the cytotoxic cell.
We have previously reported that mice with defective T lymphocyte function clear a primary reovirus type 1 infection in a normal fashion. The present studies were initiated to determine what cells may play a role in the clearance of this primary infection. We show that macrophages from unprimed mice are capable of lysing reovirus type 1-infected target cells in the absence of specific antibody. Macrophages from nu/nu mice have higher levels of this lytic activity than macrophages from nu/+ and normal mice. In addition, PEC from endotoxin nonresponsive C3H/HeJ mice have virtually no anti-viral lytic activity, while PEC from C3H/FeJ mice have high levels of such activity. Incubation of PEC from C3H/HeJ mice overnight in Con A supernatants restores this lytic activity. PEC are capable of lysing reovirus type 1-infected target cells but not those infected with type 3 reovirus. Using intertypic recombinant viruses, we show this striking target cell specificity to be a property of the sigma 1 protein, the viral hemagglutinin.
D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000032:analysis; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007739:L Cells; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H / Q000276:immunology; D008819:Mice, Nude / Q000276:immunology; D012088:Reoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II