Oral administration of human rotavirus to volunteers: induction of illness and correlates of resistance.
Four of 18 volunteers challenged orally with human rotavirus strain D (subgroup 2, serotype  Wa) developed a diarrheal illness two to four days after inoculation. Viral shedding was detected in five of the 18 volunteers, whereas 12 (67%) developed serologic evidence of infection. Two volunteers who developed diarrheal illness after the initial inoculation were given the same inoculum 19 months later; neither developed diarrhea, although one developed constitutional and gastrointestinal symptoms. The presence of preinoculation serum immunofluorescent antibody to rotavirus strain D or high levels of neutralizing antibody to Wa or reassortant DS-1 human rotavirus correlated with resistance to diarrheal illness. Although prechallenge serum antibody correlated with resistance to diarrhea and/or shedding of rotavirus, the relationship of preexisting local neutralizing activity in intestinal fluid was less clear-cut.
D000284:Administration, Oral; D003168:Complement Fixation Tests; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007104:Immune Adherence Reaction; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000276:immunology*; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology*