title: Effect of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus infection on bovine alveolar macrophage function.
abstract: Bovine alveolar macrophages isolated in culture were assessed for immunological activity in assays for Fc and complement receptors, for phagocytosis, and for effector cell function in antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity. In the case of uninfected alveolar macrophages, Fc receptors were detected on approximately 94% of macrophages and complement receptors were detected on 39%. Phagocytosis of immunoglobulin G-coated sheep erythrocytes occurred in 58% of macrophages, and phagocytosis of opsonized Candida parapsilosis, mediated by the complement receptor, was observed in 68% of cells. Alveolar macrophages were efficient effector cells in antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity. Infection of macrophages with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus resulted in reductions in Fc-mediated receptor activity and phagocytosis after approximately 12 and 6 h, respectively. Complement receptor activity was initially elevated and then markedly reduced. Macrophages retrieved from IBR-immune and -susceptible donors were affected to a similar extent. The ability of macrophages to participate in antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity was reduced dramatically from 2 h after IBR virus infection, suggesting that IBR virus-infected alveolar macrophages undergo alterations in immunological activity long before morphological changes in the cells become apparent.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000254:growth & development; D007241:Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D010587:Phagocytosis; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000166:cytology; D011951:Receptors, Complement; D011961:Receptors, Fc
chemical_list: D011951:Receptors, Complement; D011961:Receptors, Fc