[Influence of B locus on avian viral induced tumours].
Since early in the century Avian Cancers were described as induced by viruses which later were known of DNA and RNA types. The susceptibility of birds was found different according to the genetic lines of the chickens and specially to the B locus blood group. Since the B locus of birds was strongly associated with the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) it was of interest to review the last reports on the influence of the B locus on viral induced tumours. In Marek's Disease due to a DNA virus (Herpes type) the B21 allele expresses the greater resistance compared with other B alleles although non-B factors could be involved as demonstrated with the lymphocyte factor Ly-4. The possible mechanisms of the influence of B locus on the resistance against Marek's Disease are discussed. The tumours induced by RNA viruses (Avian Leucosis Sarcomas) develop or regress following genetic characters closely related to MHC. Differences of resistance exist between B alleles. Complementary genes should be present to fully express the resistance. The relationship between MHC-B locus and resistance to tumors stimulates the actual assays. Since a number of parameters remain still unknown further researches should be done in order to evidence the involved mechanisms of the resistance.
D000818:Animals; D001353:Avian Leukosis / Q000276:immunology*; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex; D008380:Marek Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D001357:Sarcoma, Avian / Q000276:immunology*
Influence du locus B sur les tumeurs virales aviaires.