title: Characterization of the soluble cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Evidence for a calmodulin-dependent enzyme.
abstract: Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activities (3',5'-cyclic nucleotide 5'-nucleotidohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.17) were found in the 40,000 X g supernatant fraction of homogenates of Xenopus laevis oocytes. In the supernatant, the ratio of the specific activity of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase to that of cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase was 1.1 at the 1 micro substrate level. Two phosphodiesterase forms were isolated by centrifugation on sucrose gradient: a 3-4 S form hydrolyzing specificity cyclic AMP and a 6-7 S form hydrolyzing both cyclic nucleotides (cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP). The activity of the 6-7 S phosphodiesterase was characterized by its activation by 0.1 micro M calmodulin purified from beef pancreas in the presence of 50 micro M CA2+. The calmodulin dependence of this form was completely abolished in the presence of 1 mM ethyleneglycobis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N-N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA). Trifluoperazine at 0.1 mM inhibited both the freshly prepared crude enzyme and the partially purified 6-7 S form. On the other hand, no effect of cyclic GMP at 3 micro M was observed on cyclic AMP hydrolysis in the case of the supernatant or that of the partially purified phosphodiesterases. These data show the presence of a calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase in the soluble fraction of X. laevis oocytes.
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D054677:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 1; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D009865:Oocytes / Q000201:enzymology*; D010063:Ovum / Q000201:enzymology*; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D002147:Calmodulin; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D054677:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 1; D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; D006152:Cyclic GMP