title: The (--)[3H]dihydroalprenolol binding to rat adipocyte membranes: an explanation of curvilinear Scatchard plots and implications for quantitation of beta-adrenergic sites.
abstract: In rat adipocyte membranes, both beta-adrenergic agonists and beta-adrenergic antagonists competed with (--)[3H]dihydroalprenolol for high affinity (KD 2-4 nM) and low capacity binding sites. The antagonists but not the agonists competed with (--)[3H]dihydroalprenolol for lower affinity and higher capacity sites. The present studies were performed in order to characterize the adipocyte beta-adrenergic receptor and distinguish it from low affinity, higher capacity sites which were heat-labile and not stereoselective. When isoproterenol was used to define the nonspecific binding, saturation studies showed a single binding site with a capacity of approximately 100 fmol/mg membrane protein (corresponding to approximately 50,000 sites/adipocyte). Binding was saturated by 10 nM (--)[3H]dihydroalprenolol. Approximate KD's of 204 nM were observed. Kinetic analysis of (--)[3H]dihydroalprenolol binding provided an independent measurement of KD between 0.75 and 1.1 nM. This binding site had the characteristics of a beta 1-adrenergic receptor with the potency of isoproterenol greater than norepinephrine greater than or equal to epinephrine as competitors of binding. Furthermore, the KD of inhibition of (--)[3H]dihydroalprenolol binding correlated with the Ki of inhibition by antagonists or Ka of activation by agonists of glycerol release in isolated adipocytes (r = 0.968, P less than 0.001). These results suggest that beta-adrenergic agonists compete with (--)[3H]dihydroalprenolol for the high affinity binding site which represents the physiological site. Furthermore, the use of antagonists (propranolol, alprenolol) to define specific beta-binding includes nonspecific site(s) as well as the beta-adrenergic site. Previous characterization and quantitation of beta receptors in rat fat cell membranes may have been in error by incorporating both types of binding in their measurement.
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000526:Alprenolol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004082:Dihydroalprenolol / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic / Q000378:metabolism*; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D014316:Tritium; D004082:Dihydroalprenolol; D000526:Alprenolol