Immune responses of dairy cattle to parainfluenza-3 virus in intranasal infectious bovine rhinotracheitis-parainfluenza-3 virus vaccines.
Two hundred and fifty dairy heifers were vaccinated at three to six months of age with an intranasal infectious bovine rhinotracheitis-parainfluenza-3 vaccine. Eighteen additional heifers were tested prior to vaccination and again three to four weeks after vaccination. Neither cell-mediated nor humoral immunity was significantly raised to parainfluenza-3 virus in either group of cattle.
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D010224:Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D018184:Paramyxoviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D018108:Respirovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines