title: The pathway of electrons through OH2:cytochrome c oxidoreductase studied by pre-steady -state kinetics.
abstract: The kinetic behaviour of the prosthetic groups and the semiquinones in in QH2:cytochrome c oxidoreductase has been studied using a combination of the freeze-quench technique, low-temperature diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy, EPR and stopped flow. (2) In the absence of antimycin, cytochrome b-562 is reduced in two phases separated by a lag time. The initial very rapid reduction phase, that coincides with the formation of the antimycin-sensitive Qin, is ascribed to high-potential cytochrome b-562 and the slow phase to low-potential cytochrome b-562. the two cytochromes are present in a 1:1 molar ratio. The lag time between the two reduction phases decreases with increasing pH. Both the [2 Fe-2S] clusters and cytochrome c1 are reduced monophasically under these conditions, but at a rate lower than that of the initial rapid reduction of cytochrome b-562. (3) In the presence of antimycin and absence of oxidant, cytochrome b-562 is still reduced biphasically, but there is no lag between the two phases. No Qin is formed and both the Fe-S clusters and cytochrome c1 are reduced biphasically, one-half being reduced at the same rate as in the absence of antimycin and the other half 10-times slower. (4) In the presence of antimycin and oxidant, the recently described antimycin-insensitive species of semiquinone anion, Qout (De Vries, S., Albracht, S.P.J., Berden, J.A. and Slater, E.C. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 256, 11996-11998) is formed at the same rate as that of the reduction of all species of cytochrome b. In this case cytochrome b is reduced in a single phase. (5) The reversible change of the line shape of the EPR spectrum of the [2Fe-2S] cluster 1 is caused by ubiquinone bound in the vicinity of this cluster. (6) The experimental results are consistent with the basic principles of the Q cycle. Because of the multiplicity, stoicheiometry and heterogeneous kinetics of the prosthetic groups, a Q cycle model describing the pathway of electrons through a dimeric QH2:cytochrome c oxidoreductase is proposed.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000968:Antimycin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D004579:Electron Transport; D014450:Electron Transport Complex III; D005615:Freezing; D007700:Kinetics; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology*; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000201:enzymology*; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011808:Quinone Reductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013367:Submitochondrial Particles / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D000968:Antimycin A; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D011808:Quinone Reductases; D014450:Electron Transport Complex III