title: Calmodulin is involved in the first step of oocyte maturation: effects of the antipsychotic drug fluphenazine and of anticalmodulin antibodies on the progesterone-induced maturation of xenopus laevis oocyte.
abstract: Specific anticalmodulin antibodies were microinjected into full-grown Xenopus laevis oocyte, and it is shown that in ovo blockade of the complex Ca2+-calmodulin accelerates the kinetics of progesterone-induced maturation, even though the molar ratio of antibody binding sites to total calmodulin was only 0.16. Addition of 200 microM fluphenazine to the oocyte incubation medium resulted in a similar acceleration of steroid-induced maturation. Neither protein kinase inhibitor (PKI) nor maturation promoting factor (MPF)-induced maturation are affected either by the antipsychotic drug or by anticalmodulin antibodies; this result suggests that the adenylate cyclase system may be the target for anticalmodulin antibodies and fluphenazine effects.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000502:physiology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005476:Fluphenazine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D016200:Maturation-Promoting Factor; D008845:Microinjections; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010063:Ovum / Q000502:physiology*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D014981:Xenopus
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D002147:Calmodulin; D006133:Growth Substances; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011374:Progesterone; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D016200:Maturation-Promoting Factor; D005476:Fluphenazine