title: Applications of nuclear medicine in genitourinary imaging.
abstract: Major advances in nuclear medicine instrumentation and radiopharmaceuticals for renal studies have occurred during the last decade. Current nuclear medicine methodology can be applied for accurate evaluation of renal function and for renal imaging in a wide variety of clinical situations. Total renal function can be estimated from the plasma clearance of agents excreted by glomerular filtration or tubular secretion, and individual function can be estimated by imaging combined with renography. A major area of radionuclide application is in the evaluation of obstructive uropathy. The introduction of diuretic renography and the use of computer-generated regions of interest offer the clinician added useful data which may aid in diagnosis and management. Imaging is of proven value also in trauma, renovascular hypertension, and acute and chronic renal failure. Methods for the evaluation of residual urine, vesicoureteral reflux, and testicular torsion have achieved increasing clinical use. These many procedures assure a meaningful and useful role for the application of nuclear medicine in genitourinary imaging.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007465:Iodohippuric Acid; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D011866:Radioisotope Renography; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004113:Succimer; D013400:Sugar Acids; D013667:Technetium; D019783:Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D013400:Sugar Acids; D007465:Iodohippuric Acid; D019783:Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid; D013667:Technetium; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D004113:Succimer; C100014:technetium Tc 99m gluceptate; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate