title: Single-dose pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone in infants and young children.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone were studied in five infants (7 to 15 months old) and five young children (24 to 70 months old). Both groups received a single 50-mg/kg dose in an intravenous infusion over 5 min. No major pharmacokinetic differences were observed between the two populations. The total (bound plus unbound) plasma concentration-versus-time data could be described in each case by a biexponential equation. Changes in renal clearance indicated time- and dose- dependent pharmacokinetic behavior. The fraction excreted unchanged in the urine (fu) and the biological half-life (t 1/2 (beta)) were, however, dose independent. The average values were 47% for fu (0 to 12 h) and 6.5 for T 1/2 (beta). Weight-corrected total systemic clearance was C1TS = 0.71 ml/min per kg; volume of distribution was VD (beta) = 394 mg/kg. The data support intravenous administration of 50 mg of ceftriaxone per kg of body weight every 12 h in assessing its activity against Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Neisseria meningitidis in postneonatal-stage pediatric patients.
mesh_terms: D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008581:Meningitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008583:Meningitis, Haemophilus / Q000378:metabolism; D008585:Meningitis, Meningococcal / Q000378:metabolism; D008586:Meningitis, Pneumococcal / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012709:Serum Albumin; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D002439:Cefotaxime