Murine cellular cytotoxicity to syngeneic and xenogeneic herpes simplex virus-infected cells.
Cellular cytotoxicity of C57BL/6 adult mice peritoneal cells to xenogeneic (Chang liver) and syngeneic (BL/6-WT3) herpes simplex virus (HSV)-infected cells was analyzed in a 6-h 51Cr release assay. There was no difference in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity to either target. There was no natural killer cytotoxicity to targets with cells from uninfected mice except at very high effector cell ratios. HSV-infected (2 X 10(4) PFU intraperitoneally 1 day previously) mice mediated significantly higher antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and required less antibody (10(-5) versus 10(-2) dilution), fewer cells, and less time to kill than cells from uninfected mice. HSV-infected mice mediated natural killer cytotoxicity but preferentially killed syngeneic HSV-infected cells. Stimulation of cytotoxicity was not virus specific since influenza-infected mice mediated similar levels of cytotoxicity to HSV-infected targets. There was no difference in morphology (95% macrophage) or in the percentage of FcR-positive cells, but infected mice had more peritoneal cells and generated higher levels of superoxide in response to opsonized zymosan or phorbolmyristate acetate. These data demonstrate nonspecific virus-stimulated metabolic and effector cell function which may enhance clearance of virus in an infected host.
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D002460:Cell Line; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000276:immunology*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D013481:Superoxides