title: Evaluation of the anti-herpesvirus drug combinations: virazole plus arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine and virazole plus arabinofuranosyladenine.
abstract: Combinations of Virazole plus arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine (ara-Hx) and Virazole plus arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A) were investigated in KB or BHK cells infected with types 1 or 2 herpes viruses. Combinations of Virazole and ara-Hx exhibited significant synergy as evaluated graphically (isobolograms) or by fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices. Optimal ratios for the combination were 1:1 to 1:10 for Virazole to ara-Hx. At these ratios, FIC indices in the range of 0.5-0.2 were commonly observed. Combinations of Virazole and ara-A were antagonistic when observed in the presence of pentostatin, an adenosine deaminase inhibitor. In the absence of pentostatin, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ara-A and degree of synergy with Virazole were variable.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001087:Arabinonucleosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003070:Coformycin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D006224:Cricetinae; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004336:Drug Antagonism; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D015649:Pentostatin; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012263:Ribonucleosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000187:drug effects*; D014740:Vidarabine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001087:Arabinonucleosides; D012263:Ribonucleosides; D003070:Coformycin; D015649:Pentostatin; D012254:Ribavirin; C008099:hypoxanthine arabinoside; D014740:Vidarabine