On the contribution of the mitochondrial genome to the growth of Chinese hamster embryo cells in culture.
The present results demonstrate that Chinese hamster embryo cell populations in culture can be adapted to grow in the presence of chloramphenicol. It is shown that tryptose phosphate broth and uridine, one of its components, prevent the growth inhibitory effect of the drug. Study of some respiratory parameters (cytochrome c oxidase, cytochrome spectra, oxygen consumption) indicated that neither the broth nor uridine prevented the inhibitory effect of chloramphenicol on mitoribosomal protein synthesis. The cells grew with mitochondria devoid of a functional respiratory chain. Auxotrophy for pyrimidines appeared to result from the absence of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, a respiratory chain-linked enzyme that catalyzes the fourth step of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. These and other results suggest that the synthesis of orotic acid may be considered as one of the main contributions of mitochondria to the growth of animal cells in culture.
D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D003470:Culture Media; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D004081:Dihydroorotate Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D014529:Uridine / Q000494:pharmacology
D003470:Culture Media; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D002701:Chloramphenicol; D004081:Dihydroorotate Oxidase; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV; D014529:Uridine