title: Evidence in favor of a neurotransmitter role of glycine in the rat cerebral cortex.
abstract: In the present study we analyze whether glycine satisfies some electrophysiological and biochemical criteria to consider it as a putative transmitter in the rat cerebral cortex. Intracellular recordings from rat sensory-motor cortex showed that in 15-20% of the tested neurons glycine hyperpolarized the cell membrane, decreased the firing rate and flattened the evoked EPSP-IPSP sequence by increasing the membrane conductance. The iontophoretic application of strychnine antagonized the block of 'spontaneous' firing and the membrane hyperpolarization induced by glycine. Moreover, in a group of neurons, strychnine decreased the amplitude and duration of the IPSP and brought back the membrane potential to resting values. Previously accumulated [3H]glycine and endogenous glycine were released from cortical synaptosomal preparations by depolarizing stimuli in a Ca2+-dependent way. The release pattern of glycine was qualitatively similar in cortical and in spinal synaptosomes. [14C]Glycine was rapidly synthetized from [14C]serine in cortical synaptosomal preparations, and the newly formed [14C]glycine was released by depolarizing stimuli in a Ca2+-dependent way. It is concluded that glycine, which is generally considered as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord, medulla and pons, may also have a transmitter role in a discrete number of cortical neurons of some mammalian species.U
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D005998:Glycine / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D009435:Synaptic Transmission; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium; D005998:Glycine