title: Synergistic induction of microsomal heme oxygenase activity in rat liver and kidney by diethyldithiocarbamate and nickel chloride.
abstract: Microsomal heme oxygenase activity was measured in liver and kidney of rats killed after administration of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) and nickel chloride (NiCl2), singly and in combinations (DDC dosages: 0.33 to 1.33 mmol/kg, im, 17 hr before death; NiCl2 dosages: 0.125 and 0.25 mmol/kg, sc, 17 hr before death). Synergistic induction was observed at all dosage combinations. At the highest dosages of DDC and NiCl2, the dual treatments induced heme oxygenase activity 11-fold in liver and 16-fold in kidney; at the same dosages given individually, DDC induction of heme oxygenase activity was 3-fold in liver and 2-fold in kidney, and NiCl2-induction was 1.3-fold in liver and 6-fold in kidney. Synergistic induction of heme oxygenase activity in liver occurred when DDC was injected 6 hr before to 6 hr after NiCl2; synergistic induction in kidney occurred when DDC was injected 6 hr before to 3 hr after NiCl2. Actinomycin D prevented the induction of heme oxygenase activity by DDC or NiCl2, given individually; the effect of actinomycin D on synergistic induction could not be measured, since the rats all died following treatment with DDC, NiCl2, and actinomycin D. Administration of cysteine to rats, po, 18 hr before death, partially suppressed the induction of hepatic heme oxygenase activity by DDC, singly or in combination with NiCl2. Synergistic induction of hepatic heme oxygenase activity also occurred in rats that received dual injections of DDC (1.33 mmol/kg, im) and hemoglobin (0.3 g/kg, iv); the synergism of DDC and hemoglobin, although statistically significant, was small in comparison to the striking synergistic effect of DDC and NiCl2.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003545:Cysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004050:Ditiocarb / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009532:Nickel / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D013859:Thiocarbamates; D003609:Dactinomycin; C022838:nickel chloride; D009532:Nickel; D003513:Cycloheximide; D004050:Ditiocarb; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); D003545:Cysteine