title: Protection by S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethylphosphorothioic acid against radiation- and cyclophosphamide-induced attenuation in antitumor resistance.
abstract: Studies were performed to investigate whether S-2-(3-amino-propylamino)ethylphosphorothioic acid (WR-2721) can protect antitumor immune rejection responses against the damaging effects of whole-body irradiation ( WBI ) and cyclophosphamide (CY). Among these damaging effects were radiation-induced enhancement of s.c. tumor take and radiation- and CY-induced enhancement of lung colonization by tumor cells injected i.v. The ability of WR-2721 to protect against WBI -induced decreased radioresponse of solitary tumors was also investigated. All experiments were performed with an immunogenic fibrosarcoma syngeneic to C3Hf/ Kam mice. WR-2721 was given i.p. at a dose of 400 mg/kg 30 min before WBI with gamma-rays or CY injection. WBI with 650 rads reduced the number of tumor cells needed for tumor take in 50% of animals from 5.1 X 10(4) cells in normal mice to 2.0 X 10(2). WR-2721 given before WBI almost entirely abolished the effect of WBI : the number of tumor cells needed for tumor take in 50% of animals was 1.4 X 10(4). Treatment of mice with WBI or CY increased the number of tumor nodules in the lung generated by fibrosarcoma cells injected i.v. 5 days later, in a linear dose response. WR-2721 greatly reduced this metastasis enhancement effect of WBI and CY with protection factors of 2.5 for WBI and 1.8 for CY. Fibrosarcomas of 8 mm in diameter exhibited a decreased radiocurability when growing in WBI mice: the dose of irradiation yielding local tumor control in 50% of animals in these mice was 5950 compared to a dose of irradiation yielding local tumor control in 50% of animals of 4160 rads in normal mice. WR-2721 given before WBI inhibited this effect of WBI : the dose of irradiation yielding local tumor control in 50% of animals was 5210 rads. The proportion of macrophages in tumors growing in WBI mice was significantly reduced, but not when WR-2721 was first given. WR-2721 greatly reduced the damaging effects of WBI and CY on natural killer cell activity. Therefore, WR-2721 was capable of protecting the immune mechanisms involved in antitumor resistance against WBI and CY. This might be of therapeutic benefit when WR-2721 is combined with radio- or chemotherapy.
mesh_terms: D004999:Amifostine / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004336:Drug Antagonism; D005260:Female; D005354:Fibrosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
chemical_list: D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D004999:Amifostine