title: Manganese ions, oxidation reactions and the superoxide radical.
abstract: The variable valency of the transition element manganese allows it to catalyse redox reactions. This can be made use of in mangano -superoxide dismutase enzymes, but manganese-induced oxidation of NADH and dihydroxyflumarates generate damaging oxygen radicals. Manganese-stimulated oxidations of adrenalin and its derivatives to form toxic products may be involved in the etiology of manganese neurotoxicity.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D005609:Free Radicals; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008345:Manganese / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D009243:NAD; D013481:Superoxides; D008345:Manganese; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D004837:Epinephrine