title: Induction of 17 alpha-hydroxylase (cytochrome P-450(17)alpha) activity by adrenocorticotropin in bovine adrenocortical cells maintained in monolayer culture.
abstract: Using bovine adrenocortical cells in monolayer culture it has been shown that treatment with adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) causes a dramatic increase in 17 alpha-hydroxylase activity. In postmitochondrial supernatant fractions (PMS) prepared from cells maintained in culture, there was a 15-fold increase in 17 alpha-hydroxylase activity 36 h following initiation of ACTH treatment compared with the activity measured in PMS prepared from control cells. In the continued presence of ACTH, 17 alpha-hydroxylase activity declined; however, even after 60 h of exposure to ACTH, 17 alpha-hydroxylase activity was eight times higher than that present in control cells. The dramatic increase in 17 alpha-hydroxylase activity provides an explanation for the previously observed phenomenon that following initiation of ACTH treatment of bovine adrenocortical cells in monolayer culture there is a shift in the pattern of corticosteroid secretion from approximately equal amounts of cortisol and corticosterone to almost exclusively cortisol. Thus, the modulation of 17 alpha-hydroxylase activity by ACTH action appears to serve a key regulatory role in the pattern of corticosteroid production. Soluble cytosolic factors apparently do not participate in the regulation of 17 alpha-hydroxylase activity in the bovine adrenal cortex. Increases in the magnitude of substrate-induced absorbance changes are indicative that the increase in 17 alpha-hydroxylase activity is due, at least in part, to an elevation of cytochrome P-450(17)alpha synthesis.
mesh_terms: D000302:Adrenal Cortex / Q000201:enzymology*; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase; D003345:Corticosterone; D006854:Hydrocortisone