title: Effect of ketoconazole and amphotericin B on encapsulated and non-encapsulated strains of Cryptococcus neoformans.
abstract: Growth inhibition studies were done on an encapsulated and non-encapsulated strain of Cryptococcus neoformans at the minimal inhibitory concentration and one-half the minimal inhibitory concentration of ketoconazole and amphotericin B alone and in combination. Growth of both strains was significantly inhibited by ketoconazole, amphotericin B, and the combined drugs at the minimal inhibitory concentration of each drug over a 5-day period. Calculation of the expected inhibition of growth for both strains with both drugs showed antagonism at 24 h followed by an additive effect and synergy for the remaining 4 days of the assay. Although similar results were obtained for both strains with one-half the minimal inhibitory concentration, an additive effect was observed with the drug combination at 24 h for the encapsulated strain, and an antagonistic effect was observed with the non-encapsulated strain.
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003454:Cryptococcus / Q000187:drug effects*; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D003470:Culture Media; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D000666:Amphotericin B; D007654:Ketoconazole