Effect of reticuloendotheliosis virus on the response of chickens to Salmonella typhimurium infection.
Groups of 25 chickens free of maternal antibody to reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) were inoculated with either third or seventh passage REV at either one or seven days of age. Some of the birds inoculated at day 1 with REV were inoculated with Salmonella typhimurium either concurrently or six or 13 days later while some of those inoculated with REV at day 7 were inoculated concurrently with S typhimurium. At day old, infection with S typhimurium alone caused the death of 12 of 25 chicks whereas in the dual infection, using the third passage REV, 18 of 25 birds died. Similarly no seven or 14 day old chickens died when challenged with S typhimurium alone, but previous day-old infection with REV caused a respective mortality of eight of 25 and five of 25 birds. With the seventh passage REV a similar pattern was seen. At day old S typhimurium infection alone killed seven of 25 birds whereas combined with virus the mortality was 14 of 25 and while S typhimurium alone killed none of 25 chicks infected at seven days old, the mortality in birds also infected with REV was 14 of 25. Combined virus and bacterial infections did not increase the proportion of feathering defects in birds surviving S typhimurium infections. There was a significantly higher proportion of feathering defects in birds infected with third passage virus compared with seventh passage virus. Although a higher proportion of birds had antibody responses to REV in the seventh than in the third passage group, there was no discernible difference in the effect the different viruses had on chickens' susceptibility to S typhimurium.
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000276:immunology; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D055761:Reticuloendotheliosis, Avian / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012192:Retroviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000472:pathogenicity