title: A comparative kinetics study of monochloramine and hypochlorous acid in rat.
abstract: The problem of trihalomethane formation now exists with the use of chlorine (technically, a mixture of HOCl and OCl-, depending on pH) as a disinfectant in drinking water. Monochloramine (NH2Cl) may be considered as an alternative to HOCl as a disinfectant in public water supplies. This study was conducted to compare the kinetics of NH2(36)Cl with HO36Cl in rats. The peak plasma levels of 36Cl occurred at 8 and 2 h for NH2(36)Cl and and HO36Cl, respectively. The distribution of NH2(36)Cl and HO36Cl was highest in plasma, while the lowest activity was observed in the fat. The half-life for 36Cl absorption was 2.49 and 2.16 h, while the elimination from plasma was 38.8 and 44.1 h after oral NH2(36)Cl and HO36Cl treatment, respectively. Urinary excretion accounted for most of the 36Cl eliminated in both treatments.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002700:Chloramines / Q000378:metabolism*; D002713:Chlorine; D005243:Feces / Q000032:analysis; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D011868:Radioisotopes; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D002700:Chloramines; D011868:Radioisotopes; D002713:Chlorine; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid; C030816:chloramine