title: Indole-3-carbinol protects against covalent binding of benzo[a]pyrene and N-nitrosodimethylamine metabolites to mouse liver macromolecules.
abstract: Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) are carcinogens and indirect acting mutagens. A naturally occurring dietary indole, indole-3-carbinol (I-3-C), has been shown to decrease the incidence of aryl hydrocarbon induced neoplasia in experimental animals. We examined the relationship between the ability of I-3-C to alter the rate of carcinogen oxidation and its ability to decrease the rate of covalent binding of carcinogen metabolites to DNA and protein. We found that I-3-C inhibited the covalent binding of NDMA oxidation products to DNA in vitro in proportion to its ability to inhibit carcinogen metabolism. Pretreatment of mice by gavage with I-3-C resulted in no change in the rate of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase or NDMA demethylase in hepatic post-mitochondrial supernatant. However, this pretreatment resulted in a 60-90% decrease in the ability of carcinogen oxidative metabolites to bind covalently to DNA or protein in vitro. Similarly, in in vivo experiments, gavage with I-3-C, followed by gavage with BaP or NDMA, resulted in a 63-85% decrease in covalent binding to macromolecules, with no concomitant change in carcinogen metabolism. The results suggest that the in vivo administration of I-3-C may confer protection for hepatic macromolecules against covalent binding of the metabolites of these two indirect acting mutagens.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001140:Aroclors / Q000494:pharmacology; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000378:metabolism; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D001571:Benzoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology; D001580:Benzopyrenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D020111:Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine); D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008748:Methylcholanthrene / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D019324:beta-Naphthoflavone
chemical_list: D001140:Aroclors; D001571:Benzoflavones; D001580:Benzopyrenes; D007211:Indoles; D020111:Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine); D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D008748:Methylcholanthrene; D019324:beta-Naphthoflavone; D004247:DNA; C016517:indole-3-carbinol; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine; D010634:Phenobarbital