Local anesthetics can interact electrostatically with membrane proteins.
The fluorescent probe 1-anilinonaphthalene 8-sulfonate was used to examine the binding of spin-labeled local anesthetics to lipid model systems, to the membranes of human red blood cells, and rabbit sarcoplasmic reticulum. 1-Anilinonaphthalene 8-sulfonate exhibits two distinct fluorescent lifetimes when bound to these biological membranes. The shorter lifetime represents the probe associated with the purely lipid region while the longer lifetime is associated with the protein region. The spin-labeled local anesthetic quenches the fluorescence of both of these components as indicated by the decrease in the lifetimes. Since nitroxide free radicals are known to quench fluorophores upon 'contract', the results reflect the relative interaction of local anesthetics with membrane lipids and proteins. The evidence is consistent with the concept of multiple binding sites for local anesthetics in membranes. Local anesthetics, once intercalated into the bilayer, may diffuse laterally and interact with membrane components, lipid as well as proteins. In biological membranes, however, positively charged local anesthetics are better able to quench 1-anilinonaphthalene 8-sulfonate in protein regions, suggesting that the interaction between local anesthetics and membrane proteins can be electrostatic in nature.
D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000378:metabolism*; D000817:Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000378:metabolism; D008433:Mathematics; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism
C040731:2-(N-methyl-N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinooxyl))ethyl 4-hexyloxybenzoate; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000817:Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008081:Liposomes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C027132:1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate