title: In vitro activities of amphotericin B in combination with four antifungal agents and rifampin against Aspergillus spp.
abstract: Strains of Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus niger were tested for in vitro susceptibility with a microtiter plate system in buffered yeast-nitrogen base and in buffered minimal essential medium. Isolates were tested against amphotericin B, flucytosine, rifampin, ketoconazole, ICI 153,066, and Bay n 7133 and against combinations of amphotericin B with each of the other five drugs. Combinations of amphotericin B and rifampin were the most active against all three species of Aspergillus. Flucytosine combined with amphotericin B produced little or no reduction of the MICs at which 90% of the strains were inhibited compared with amphotericin B alone. With one exception, the addition of ketoconazole, ICI 153,066, or Bay n 7133 to amphotericin B did not consistently alter the MICs. The addition of ICI 153,066 markedly increased the MICs of amphotericin B against the A. flavus isolates in both media. When the azoles were tested alone, Bay n 7133 was the most active against A. fumigatus, but was two- to fivefold less active against A. flavus. Ketoconazole was the most active azole against A. flavus.
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000187:drug effects*; D005437:Flucytosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D014230:Triazoles; C040032:ICI 153066; D000666:Amphotericin B; C037494:vibunazole; D005437:Flucytosine; D007654:Ketoconazole; D012293:Rifampin