title: [Biological effect of smog extract. VII. Severe disorders of the cell cycle and its phases in kidney cultures as effected by extract and fractions of smog from a heavily industrialized area].
abstract: We analyzed the effect of airborne particulate matter, collected from the city of Duisburg on DNA-synthesis, mitotic rate and the cell cycle employing mammalian cells in vitro. As a test system we used logarithmically growing kidney cell cultures of the Syrian golden hamster (Cricetus aureatus). To elucidate alterations of DNA-synthesis and cell cycle under influence of extracts and fractions of city smog we used the autoradiographic method and the analytic procedure according to Quastler and Sherman. Extract and fractions induced a dose dependent decrease of DNA synthesizing cells, reduction of mitotic rate and very strong alterations of the cell cycle. The particular phases of the cell cycle were extended, partly abolished. We observed great differences concerning the effect of various fractions. The strongest effect was exerted by the total extract and the methanol-fraction. In this case the effective dosage was equivalent to an air volume of 2-5 cbm. With a declining sequence of toxicity followed the fractions of cyclohexane, propanol and of polyaromates. Results demonstrate that airborne particulate matter or city smog from industrialized areas contain substances which act strongly cytotoxic on mammalian cells in vitro and induce heavy alterations of the cell cycle. Therefore we have to expect, especially after long-term exposure also in human being health damages.
mesh_terms: D000433:1-Propanol / Q000009:adverse effects; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D001580:Benzopyrenes; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006224:Cricetinae; D003510:Cyclohexanes / Q000009:adverse effects; D005860:Germany, West; D007221:Industry; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D008647:Mesocricetus; D000432:Methanol / Q000009:adverse effects; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects; D012905:Smog
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001580:Benzopyrenes; D003510:Cyclohexanes; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D012905:Smog; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D000433:1-Propanol; D000432:Methanol
vernacular_title: Biologische Wirkung von atmosphärischen Feinstaubextrakten VII. Schwere Störungen von Zellzyklus und Zyklusphasen in Nierenzellkulturen unter Einwirkung von Extrakt und Fraktionen atmosphärischen Feinstaubes eines industriellen Ballungsgebiets.