title: Structural and functional aspects of domain motions in proteins.
abstract: Three distinct categories of large-scale flexibility in proteins have been documented by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies: the relatively free movement of essentially rigid globular domains that are connected by a flexible segment of polypeptide, the reorientation of essentially rigid domains among a few distinct conformations, and the concerted transition of a contiguous region of the surface of a protein from a disordered state to an ordered state. In a number of examples, well-defined functions can be assigned to these large-scale structural changes. The occurrence of such motions in proteins of known structure is reviewed, and the best-studied examples are discussed in detail to allow a critical evaluation of the methods used to identify and study these motions.
mesh_terms: D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase; D003166:Complement Activating Enzymes; D015922:Complement C1q; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004220:Disulfides; D005353:Fibronectins; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; D006593:Hexokinase; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D007797:Laminin; D009194:Myeloma Proteins; D010770:Phosphotransferases; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D012996:Solutions; D013049:Spectrin; D013205:Staphylococcal Protein A; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors; D014362:Trypsinogen; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004220:Disulfides; D005353:Fibronectins; C009496:H protein, Tobacco mosaic virus; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D007797:Laminin; D009194:Myeloma Proteins; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D012996:Solutions; D013205:Staphylococcal Protein A; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors; D014764:Viral Proteins; C013060:immunoglobulin Kol; D013049:Spectrin; D015922:Complement C1q; D014362:Trypsinogen; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D010770:Phosphotransferases; D006593:Hexokinase; D003166:Complement Activating Enzymes; D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases; D005947:Glucose