Role of 2-ketobutyrate as an alarmone in E. coli K12: inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity mediated by the phosphoenolpyruvate: glycose phosphotransferase transport system.
2-ketobutyrate and its analogues were found to inhibit strongly and transiently the rate of beta-galactosidase synthesis in Escherichia coli K12. This effect was ascribed to a strong and transient inhibition of the adenylate cyclase activity. By using pts mutants, we showed, in agreement with our previous results (Daniel et al. 1983), that the likely target of 2-ketobutyrate and its analogues is the phosphoenolpyruvate: glycose phosphotransferase transport system (PTS). Furthermore, evidence for such a cascade effect caused by 2-ketobutyrate and its analogues allowed us to corroborate our previous proposal (Daniel et al. 1983) that 2-ketobutyrate, a precursor of isoleucine, acts as an E. coli alarmone monitoring the passage from anaerobic to aerobic growth conditions.
D000067956:Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; D002087:Butyrates / Q000633:toxicity*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D005696:Galactosidases / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D007700:Kinetics; D010731:Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics*
D000067956:Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; D002087:Butyrates; C005087:alpha-ketobutyric acid; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D010731:Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System; C031629:phosphoenolpyruvate-glucose phosphotransferase; D005696:Galactosidases; D001616:beta-Galactosidase