title: The Na,K-ATPase hypothesis for manic-depression. I. General considerations.
abstract: An hypothesis is presented to explain and integrate experimental and clinical observations on manic-depressive (bipolar or biphasic) psychosis. The model is based on alterations in the activity of the sodium, potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na, K-ATPase) pump. A reduction in the activity of the Na,K-ATPase can be responsible for both phases of the disorder.
mesh_terms: D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D008094:Lithium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D007473:Ion Channels; D008094:Lithium; D012964:Sodium; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D002118:Calcium