title: The efflux of spin label entrapped in human erythrocyte ghosts when suspended in hyposmolar solutions. The effect of chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine, nicardipine and some other membrane active substances.
abstract: Human erythrocyte ghosts were loaded with the spin label tempocholine . Once entrapped in the ghosts, this spin label, carrying a positive charge, is not able to penetrate through intact ghost membranes. The ghosts were loaded with spin label to a concentration high enough to introduce exchange broadening of the electron spin resonance (ESR) signal with a relatively small signal amplitude. The efflux of the spin label brought about by hyposmolar stress was studied. The appearance of the label in the relatively large external volume gave rise to an increase of the ESR signal amplitude since the concentration of the spin label outside the ghosts was in the range in which exchange broadening can be excluded. The duration of the efflux following hyposmolar stress was less than half a minute. After this time, the ghosts resealed spontaneously and without restoration of the normal osmolarity. A number of membrane active substances were studied for possible influence on the efflux of spin label induced by hyposmolar stress. The drug substances chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine and nicardipine were found to increase the hyposmolar efflux of spin label. It was suggested that these substances, classified as calcium-antagonists and inhibitors of the calmodulin system, exert their action on the efflux of spin label by interaction with membrane proteins which maintain shape and tension of the erythrocytes.
mesh_terms: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009529:Nicardipine; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D014268:Trifluoperazine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D014268:Trifluoperazine; D009529:Nicardipine; D009543:Nifedipine; D002746:Chlorpromazine