title: New neutron sources for radiotherapy.
abstract: All existing neutron sources suffer from disadvantages which would not be tolerated in modern megavoltage X-ray equipment. Experimental work with 30-60 MeV protons on beryllium and other elements has shown how these difficulties can to a large extent be overcome. Angular distributions and kerma rates as a function of proton energy are presented for various targets. Thin targets are found to be a better method than filtration for improving the penetration of the beam. A 237Np fission counter and a GM counter have been used to decompose stray radiation into its neutron and gamma-ray components. A model of a treatment head was found to attenuate the neutron component to less than 1% of its value in the useful beam.
mesh_terms: D001608:Beryllium; D002244:Carbon; D003300:Copper; D005214:Fast Neutrons; D006801:Humans; D009502:Neutrons; D010315:Particle Accelerators; D011522:Protons; D011835:Radiation Protection; D011882:Radiotherapy, High-Energy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013635:Tantalum
chemical_list: D011522:Protons; D013635:Tantalum; D002244:Carbon; D003300:Copper; D001608:Beryllium