title: Autoantibodies and monoclonal antibodies in the purification and molecular characterization of neurotransmitter receptors.
abstract: The combination of immunological advances with membrane receptor research has promoted rapid progress in the molecular characterization of neurotransmitter receptor molecules. We have to date produced monoclonal antibodies to beta 1-, beta 2-, and alpha 1-adrenergic, D2-dopaminergic, and muscarinic receptors. In addition we have discovered that some allergic respiratory disease patients possess circulating autoantibodies to beta 2-adrenergic receptors. These antireceptor antibodies in conjunction with specific receptor affinity reagents have allowed us to isolate, purify, and begin to characterize alpha- and beta-adrenergic, dopaminergic, and muscarinic receptors. For example, immunoprecipitation of turkey erythrocyte beta 1 receptors with monoclonal antibodies yields a single polypeptide Mr 65--70 K. In contrast, purification of beta 2-adrenergic receptors using either autoantibodies or monoclonal antibodies yields a receptor species with a subunit of Mr 55--59 K. Autoantibodies to beta 2 receptors demonstrate a 50--100% homology among beta 2 receptors from humans to rats, whereas monoclonal antibody FV-104 recognizes a determinant in the ligand binding site of all beta 1 and beta 2 receptors tested to date. These data suggest that beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors may have evolved from a common ancestor, perhaps by gene duplication.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001323:Autoantibodies; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D002621:Chemistry; D007120:Immunochemistry; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001323:Autoantibodies; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter