Alternate substrates of dopamine beta-hydroxylase. III. Stoichiometry of the inactivation reaction with benzyl cyanides and spectroscopic investigations.
Dopamine beta-hydroxylase was incubated with p-hydroxybenzyl cyanide, ascorbate, and O2 and the products of the hydroxylation reaction were monitored by high performance liquid chromatography. At early times, p-hydroxymandelonitrile was the sole product but this compound slowly decomposed to p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and cyanide. Dopamine beta-hydroxylase was also inhibited under these reaction conditions but the amount of cyanide produced was insufficient to account for the extent of enzyme inhibition. Incubation of dopamine beta-hydroxylase with [ring-3H]p-hydroxybenzyl cyanide, ascorbate, and O2 resulted in incorporation of detectable radiolabel into enzyme only when 100% O2 (0.4 X Km) was present. The amount of incorporated radiolabel was substoichiometric with respect to enzyme subunits (approximately 30%) and also did not correlate with the total amount of inhibited dopamine beta-hydroxylase. These data suggest two different modes of inhibition: covalent-adduct formation at early times and inhibition due to cyanide generated at the active site. Separate K14CN binding studies with dopamine beta-hydroxylase corroborated the latter suggestion since 2 mol of cyanide were bound per tetramer. Tyramine stabilized [14C]cyanide binding to dopamine beta-hydroxylase, consistent with the lack of enzyme reactivation observed under certain conditions (Colombo, G., Giedroc, D. P., Rajashekhar, B., and Villafranca, J. J. 1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 1601-1606). EPR data for dopamine beta-hydroxylase-bound Cu2+ directly demonstrated that a quaternary complex with tyramine and cyanide was formed, since the spectrum of dopamine beta-hydroxylase-Cu2+-tyramine-cyanide is distinct from that of dopamine beta-hydroxylase-Cu2+-cyanide and dopamine beta-hydroxylase-Cu2+-tyramine. A comprehensive mechanism for dopamine beta-hydroxylase inhibition by benzyl cyanides is presented.
D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D007700:Kinetics; D011485:Protein Binding; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014439:Tyramine / Q000494:pharmacology
D000097:Acetonitriles; C026914:4-hydroxybenzylcyanide; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; D014439:Tyramine