title: Retraction of canines using bonded tube-brackets.
abstract: Investigations using a Force Analyser were carried out to test the characteristics of retractor springs fitted to a removable appliance and designed for insertion into a tube-bracket, bonded to the buccal surface of a canine. The retractors were shown to produce a counter-rotation couple when activated on the typodont. This type of canine retraction was then used clinically, and was found to produce less distal tilting than is noted with the single-point contact of a cantilever spring. Some spontaneous reduction in overjet was found to occur in each case of a small series. Possible mechanisms to account for this effect are discussed.
mesh_terms: D003481:Cuspid / Q000473:pathology*; D001840:Dental Bonding; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000628:therapy*; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000379:methods