title: A brief history of primary prevention in the twentieth century: 1908 to 1980.
abstract: While primary prevention is a much talked about and debated topic in contemporary psychology, it has a considerable history. This paper critically traces primary prevention, philosophy and practice, in the 20th century. Beginning with the mental hygiene movement (1908-1960), the paper progresses to examine the child guidance movement (1920-1955), the eugenics movement (1860-1955), the initial era of federal involvement (1930s, 1940s) as well as significant research, events, and legislation in the decades between 1950 and 1980. The paper concludes with a synopsis of the major themes revealed by the review and suggestions for future efforts in prevention.
mesh_terms: D002661:Child Guidance Clinics / Q000266:history; D005053:Eugenics; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007883:Legislation, Medical / Q000266:history; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000266:history / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008603:Mental Health; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000266:history*; D009315:National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.); D011322:Primary Prevention; D012931:Social Environment; D014481:United States