title: Demonstration of a powerful mutagenic dinitropyrene in airborne particulate matter.
abstract: Of the many nitroarenes, dinitropyrenes (DNPs) have the potential to revert Salmonella typhimurium his- mutants. This study was conducted to investigate the potential mutagens present in airborne particulate matter collected in Santiago, Chile. 5 organic substances extracted with dichloromethane showed mutagenic rates of from 38.9 to 287 revertants per m3 of air for S. typhimurium his- strain TA98 without S9 mix. 4 of the samples had greatly reduced mutagenicity for strain TA98/1,8DNP6 but not for strain TA98NR. The 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) content accounted for 0.06-0.15 microgram per g of particulate, as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), but the contribution of the compound to mutagenicity was less than 1% of the total activity. On the other hand, by using two columns in the HPLC, DNPs of 1,6- and 1,8-isomers were detected in the samples pooled after the determination of 1-NP, and the amount of the derivatives was about 0.2 microgram per g of particulate matter.
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002677:Chile; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D009154:Mutation; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects; D013045:Species Specificity; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D009153:Mutagens; D011721:Pyrenes; C033310:1,8-dinitropyrene; C033309:1,6-dinitropyrene