title: Smooth eye-movement control with secondary visual feedback.
abstract: A signal derived from continuous measurement of eye position is displayed on a visual frame of reference, thereby closing a secondary visual feedback (2VFB) loop. The distance between a target and the displayed gaze point provides the subject with an extra, artificial position error. Experiments show that subjects can use the 2VFB to generate smooth eye movements, even in the absence of any smoothly moving independent targets. Under these conditions, both direction and velocity can be brought under voluntary control by the subjects. As a control signal for the smooth-eye-movement mode, the 2VFB is robust and easily manipulated and provides an attractive means for the investigation of the smooth-movement control system in a variety of tasks and under different conditions.
mesh_terms: D005133:Eye Movements; D005246:Feedback; D006801:Humans; D011698:Pursuit, Smooth; D014785:Vision, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*