title: [Contrast medium reflux in the jugular vein in peripheral bolus injection].
abstract: The use of peripheral veins for injection of contrast media in digital subtraction angiography (= dsa) invariably produces a reflux of the contrast media into the jugular vein. Three different types of reflux can be distinguished. Only type II and III affect the diagnostic value of dsa of the cervicocerebral arteries. Since the arteries of interest are seldom definitely obscured by the reflux there is no need to use central venous lines. The reflux can be suppressed by manual compression of the jugular vein.
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002342:Carotid Artery, External / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013382:Subtraction Technique
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
vernacular_title: Kontrastmittelreflux in die Vena jugularis bei peripherer Bolusinjektion.