Detection of mitochondrial antibodies directed against the primary biliary cirrhosis (M2) antigen by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection of 1 subtype of mitochondrial antibodies (AMA) specific for chronic cholestatic inflammatory liver diseases. AMA were detected by ELISA in 16 of 16 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and in 2 of 31 patients with chronic active hepatitis. These 18 positive sera were positive for AMA by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) and by radioimmunoassay (RIA). No AMA were detected by ELISA in 2 patients with the pseudolupus erythematosus syndrome, who were positive for AMA by IF, 2 patients with secondary syphilis, positive for cardiolipin antibodies, 1 patient with systemic lupus erythematosus, positive for AMA by IF, 58 further patients with various hepatic and non-hepatic diseases and 10 healthy blood donors. The titers obtained by ELISA, ranging from 1:20 to 1:62,500, correlated well with those obtained by IF and RIA. The ELISA detected an AMA directed against one determinant of a mitochondrial antigen bearing the characteristics of the so-called PBC antigen (M2 antigen). The ELISA described is a sensitive and specific test for the detection of AMA directed against the PBC (M2) antigen and may be used not only as a standard method assaying this clinically important subtype of AMA but also as a tool for further purification and characterization of the PBC (M2) antigen.
D000818:Animals; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D008105:Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000276:immunology*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011817:Rabbits; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D051381:Rats; D013045:Species Specificity
D000941:Antigens; D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens