title: Penetration of ceftazidime into human tissue in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
abstract: The penetration of ceftazidime into human heart muscle, skeletal muscle, skin, fat and bone was measured in 39 patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Mean serum levels of 70 mg/l were measured 1.5 h after dosing with mean levels of 27 mg/l after 4 h and 5.5 mg/l after 12 h. Tissue levels of ceftazidime were measured up to 280 min after dosing. These levels were high with mean corrected levels after 120 min of 20.0 mg/l in bone, 7.1 mg/l in skin (after 100 min), 9.2 mg/l in fat, 12.7 mg/l in heart muscle and 9.4 mg/l in skeletal muscle. Serum and tissue levels were sufficient to prevent infection by all likely pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, 98% of which have a ceftazidime minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 mg/l or less. There were no post-surgical infections.
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002442:Ceftazidime; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D011292:Premedication; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; D002442:Ceftazidime