title: Mutagenicity studies of ambient airborne particles. I. Comparison of solvent systems.
abstract: Organic materials were extracted from airborne particles by shaking with different solvent systems including acetone, benzene, cyclohexane, dichloromethane (DCM), methanol, a mixture of acetone and DCM and a combination of benzene, cyclohexane and methanol. The solvent-extracted materials were tested for mutagenic activity with the Ames Salmonella/microsomal assay system. Acetone- and cyclohexane-extracted materials gave the highest and lowest mutagenic activities, respectively. Re-extraction experiments confirmed that most of the mutagenic material from air particles cannot be extracted by cyclohexane. The sequential extraction with acetone followed by DCM gave a better mutagenic response than acetone alone or acetone in combination with DCM. Extraction with varying amounts of solvent indicated that 1 ml of acetone per mg of airborne particles reached the maximum recovery of mutagenic material.
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects; D012997:Solvents
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D009153:Mutagens; D012997:Solvents