title: Significance of a positive antinuclear antibody test in a pediatric population.
abstract: Clinical and laboratory findings in 138 children seen during a ten-year period with a positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) test were reviewed. Two thirds (91 of 138) of the patients had specific autoimmune or rheumatic diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 37), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (n = 33), Sjögren's syndrome (n = 9), mixed connective tissue disease (n = 7), dermatomyositis (n = 3), and discoid lupus (n = 2). Another 27 patients had symptoms of autoimmune disease but did not fit criteria for specific disorders. Nine patients with IgA deficiency had a positive ANA test but did not have symptomatic autoimmune disease. Ten children had a positive ANA test in association with infections, mainly viral, and one had leukemia. Because most children with a positive ANA test had readily diagnosable autoimmune disorders, pediatric patients with a positive ANA on repeated testing should undergo clinical and laboratory studies for autoimmune or rheumatic disease.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000032:analysis*; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000175:diagnosis; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007938:Leukemia / Q000276:immunology; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear