title: Antidepressant withdrawal syndromes: evidence supporting the cholinergic overdrive hypothesis.
abstract: The authors present case examples of the various antidepressant withdrawal syndromes. Substantial evidence supports the contention that these syndromes result from cholinergic overdrive; thus, they may have a common pathophysiological basis. Even paradoxical reactions on antidepressant withdrawal, such as mania, are consistent with the cholinergic overdrive hypothesis. If the cholinergic overdrive hypothesis of affective illness. The cholinergic overdrive hypothesis is both of considerable heuristic value and is further testable by the study of the tonic and phasic aspects of sleep and neuroendocrine parameters in the withdrawal state.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D006948:Hyperkinesis / Q000139:chemically induced; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects*; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000009:adverse effects; D010277:Parasympathomimetics / Q000009:adverse effects; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000187:drug effects; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D010277:Parasympathomimetics; D000109:Acetylcholine