title: Transcatheter arterial embolization--major complications and their prevention.
abstract: A thorough account is given of the complications of embolization techniques in nonneurovascular areas, including hepatic infarction, renal and splenic abscess formation. Infarction of the urinary bladder, gallbladder, stomach, and bowel are discussed. Suggestions are offered to prevent complications from embolization where possible. Specific agents for embolization are detailed and their relative merits are compared; ethyl alcohol has recently gained popularity for treating esophageal varices and infarcting renal tumors. Care is advocated when using alcohol in the renal arteries; employing this agent is currently contraindicated in the celiac and mesenteric arteries. Coils and balloon systems are also described along with their potential complications.
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000209:etiology*; D002015:Bucrylate / Q000009:adverse effects; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000098:blood supply; D006801:Humans; D007238:Infarction / Q000209:etiology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000098:blood supply; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries; D012826:Silicone Elastomers / Q000009:adverse effects; D013158:Splenic Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D013270:Stomach / Q000098:blood supply; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000098:blood supply
chemical_list: D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D002015:Bucrylate; D000431:Ethanol