title: Long-term venous access.
abstract: The aim of this review is to outline the indications and provide a historical perspective of its development. The current complications are emphasized with the hope that greater caution and vigilance will lead to a reduction in their frequency. Finally, details of several techniques are described for gaining long-term venous access for critically ill or injured patients.
mesh_terms: D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D014680:Veins / Q000601:surgery