title: A controlled trial of pain on skin infiltration with local anaesthetics.
abstract: A double-blind, randomised controlled trial was performed to compare the pain experienced on intradermal and subcutaneous injection of lignocaine 1% with adrenaline 1:100,000, lignocaine 1%, procaine 1% and normal saline. A linear analogue pain scale was used to assess pain. Lignocaine with adrenaline caused the most pain and was more painful than lignocaine 1%, which in turn was more painful than procaine or normal saline. These differences were significant at p less than 0.05 or greater for all comparisons except procaine 1% and normal saline. In conclusion, procaine 1% appears to be the local anaesthetic of choice from among those tested for intradermal and subcutaneous injection.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D011343:Procaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D011343:Procaine; D008012:Lidocaine; D004837:Epinephrine