title: Standardized echography in uveal melanomas with scleral or extraocular extension.
abstract: Three cases of uveal melanoma with scleral or extraocular extension as detected by standardized echography and confirmed histopathologically are reported. Two patients had scleral and orbital extension: one patient had a huge intraocular tumor and small orbital nodule, while the other had a small intraocular tumor with massive orbital involvement. In the third patient, early scleral extension (less than 25% of its thickness) was detected echographically. The early detection of scleral or extraocular extension, which are known poor prognostic factors, should be routinely attempted with standardized echography even in a small, apparently stable uveal melanoma.
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D008875:Middle Aged; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D012590:Sclera; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014604:Uveal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology