title: Treatment of intravenously implanted Lewis lung carcinoma with liposome-encapsulated cytosine arabinoside and non-specific immunotherapy.
abstract: Liposomes have been used as biological carriers of antitumor drugs, and their potential use has been tested using various mouse tumors. In this study, we describe a potential role of liposome-encapsulated 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Ara-C) with a mouse solid lung tumor model. Non-encapsulated Ara-C at 25 mg/kg dose by the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route on days 1, 4 and 7 had no improving effect on the average survival time of tumor-bearing mice compared to untreated control mice. However, the same dose of Ara-C encapsulated in multilamellar liposomes (MLV) improved the average survival of tumor-bearing mice by 60 to 80%. Ara-C was encapsulated more efficiently when DSPC or DPPC MLV were prepared at temperatures below their respective transition temperatures. DSPC and DPPC MLV prepared at 25 degrees C and DPPC MLV prepared at 50 degrees C were equally effective for in vivo therapy, while DSPC MLV prepared at 60 degrees C were not as effective. Non-specific immunotherapy using BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and CP Corynebacterium parvum) was effective, particularly when injected by the intravenous (i.v.) route, in prolonging the average survival of tumor-bearing mice. A combination of either i.v. BCG or i.p. CP with liposome therapy gave no further improvement in the average survival of tumor-bearing mice. However, a combination of either i.p. BCG or i.v. CP with liposome therapy was somewhat more effective than either liposome therapy or immunotherapy alone.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D008081:Liposomes; D010743:Phospholipids; D003561:Cytarabine