Sex-related differences in drug disposition in man.
Sex-related differences in the disposition of some analgesics, anxiolytics and hypnotics have recently been reported. With certain benzodiazepines, sex has been shown to be a more important determinant of variability in drug disposition than age, while with other benzodiazepines an age-related decline in clearance was more pronounced in men than women. In young healthy adults these sex-related differences in drug disposition were related to the phase of the menstrual cycle, oral contraceptive steroid administration, and variations in plasma concentrations of albumin, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, free fatty acids and sex hormones. While none of the sex-related differences so far reported necessitates the modification of a therapeutic dosage regimen, it is prudent that future protocols for pharmacokinetic studies should regard age, sex, the menstrual cycle and oral contraceptive steroids as potential sources of variability.
D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008598:Menstruation; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D051381:Rats; D012737:Sex Factors; D013045:Species Specificity
D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations