title: Incidence of bile infection in biliary lithiasis. Effects on postoperative bacteremia of choledochoduodenostomy, T-tube drainage, and primary closure of the common bile duct after choledochotomy--a prospective clinical trial.
abstract: To assess the incidence of bile infection in patients undergoing elective biliary surgery for chronic calculous biliary disease, the authors present 737 patients with cholelithiasis or cholelithiasis choledocholithiasis in this paper. The incidence of bile infection in patients operated on electively is considerable and is associated with a significant mortality and morbidity. A relation exists between the incidence of postoperative bile infection and the supplementary procedure carried out after choledochotomy. We observed that 70 per cent of those patients with initially sterile bile became infected during the postoperative period of exogenous contamination through the T-tube. T-tube drainage should be used carefully and should be avoided in patients in whom either a primary common bile duct closure or an internal drainage can be performed.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D001646:Bile / Q000382:microbiology*; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000401:mortality; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003135:Common Bile Duct / Q000601:surgery*; D004322:Drainage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011897:Random Allocation; D018805:Sepsis / Q000209:etiology*