title: Does Agent Orange cause birth defects?
abstract: Large quantities of the defoliant, Agent Orange, were sprayed in Vietnam during the war. Agent Orange was composed of two herbicides: 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T, the latter contaminated by small amounts of a highly toxic dioxin (TCDD). The constituents of Agent Orange are capable of producing gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations, at least in some experimental circumstances. TCDD and 2,4,5-T are teratogenic in mice and perhaps in other mammals, but the teratogenicity of these chemicals has not been convincingly demonstrated in humans. There is currently no scientific evidence which indicates that men who were previously exposed to Agent Orange are at increased risk of having children with birth defects, but available data are inadequate to assess this possibility critically.
mesh_terms: D015085:2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000075182:Agent Orange; D000818:Animals; D004147:Dioxins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005220:Fathers; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009520:New Zealand; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D014481:United States; D014744:Vietnam
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid; D000075182:Agent Orange; D015085:2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid