A double-blind study of the efficacy of neutral human and porcine insulin in type I diabetes using a glucose-controlled insulin infusion system.
The comparative potency of equimolar amounts of soluble porcine and semisynthetic human insulin were studied in ten patients with type 1 diabetes in acute experimental situations. In both situations residual subcutaneous insulin depots were eliminated by intramuscular treatment exclusively with soluble insulin four days before the experiments. Then, practically identical metabolic states were achieved by connecting the patients to a glucose-controlled insulin infusion system (Biostator) 12 hours before the study. In one study, 0.5 g/kg body weight of glucose was administered intravenously as a bolus, and thereafter insulin was infused at a rate of 1.0 mU/kg/min. The decline in blood glucose was rectilinear and identical for the two insulins: y = -1.18x + 206 and y = -1.17x + 205. The insulin effect is well below maximum, and a 10% increase in the infusion rate of insulin was easily detected. Although changes in blood glucose and pancreatic glucagon were identical, a significantly lower plasma growth hormone level was noted after human insulin infusion. In the second study, 24 hours of near-normoglycemia was attained by the glucose-controlled insulin infusion system, the patients being supine and having identical meals at identical intervals. The diurnal blood glucose, plasma growth hormone, and pancreatic glucagon patterns were identical and the total 24 hour insulin consumption was 47.7 +/- 3.5 units and 47.7 +/- 3.7 units for the two insulins.
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013045:Species Specificity; D013552:Swine
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D013006:Growth Hormone; D005934:Glucagon