Contribution of nitropyrene to the mutagenic activity of coal fly ash.
Stack-collected coal fly ash from western low-sulfur coal was extracted with 60:40 benzene/methanol. This extract was fractionated by preparative-scale high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the mutagenic activity of 14 fractions was evaluated by microbial assay with Salmonella typhimurium TA1538. A widespread distribution of direct-acting mutagens, which probably includes both mono- and dinitroaromatics, was detected. HPLC methods were also used to isolate 1-nitropyrene from the total benzene/methanol extract. The identification of 1-nitropyrene was based on gas chromatographic and HPLC retention measurements and mass spectral data. The concentration of 1-nitropyrene in the ash extract was determined by quantitative HPLC analyses. Mutagenicity assays of the total extract and an authentic 1-nitropyrene standard with Salmonella strains TA1538, TA100, and TA98 indicated that the 1-nitropyrene accounts for approximately 0.03-0.16% of the total mutagenic activity of the extract.
D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003033:Coal Tar / Q000032:analysis*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000032:analysis*; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics*
D009153:Mutagens; D011721:Pyrenes; D003033:Coal Tar; C032668:1-nitropyrene