title: The impact of Indian methods for total nasal reconstruction.
abstract: The Indian art and science of total nasal reconstruction comprise the first chapter in the history of plastic surgery. Remarkably, centuries after their first use, the original Indian methods utilizing the cheek flap and median forehead flap for total rhinoplasty remain the basis for most reconstructive rhinoplastic procedures.
mesh_terms: D049668:History, 15th Century; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000266:history* / Q000379:methods; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000266:history