title: Radiation dose implications of digital angiographic systems.
abstract: Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) has been widely accepted and applied. The concentration of iodine in the vessels of interest is low in intravenous DSA. The resultant images can be improved to some extent by increasing the radiation dose. Therefore DSA could become, and possibly could remain, a relatively high-dose procedure. The contributions to dose from the various components of the examination such as fluoroscopy, positioning, test exposures, and final acquisition runs are considered separately. Individual segments of a DSA examination are discussed to show how and where opportunities arise to reduce doses to the lowest levels consistent with satisfactory images.
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography / Q000193:education / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003201:Computers; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D011187:Posture; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D013382:Subtraction Technique / Q000295:instrumentation