title: Cystine antagonism of the antibacterial action of lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate-hydrogen peroxide on Streptococcus agalactiae.
abstract: Cystine reduction in Streptococcus agalactiae, resulting in sulfhydryl formation, may account for antagonism of the antibacterial effect of lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate-hydrogen peroxide when cystine is present in excess of the amount needed for maximum growth. Accumulation of cystine by S. agalactiae and its reduction to form sulfhydryl compounds were demonstrated. The reduction of cystine appeared to occur by a couple reaction between glutathione reductase and glutathione-disulfide transhydrogenase activity, both of which were found in the supernatant fraction from cell homogenates. NADPH-specific glutathione reductase activity was found in the pellet and supernatant fractions from cell homogenates. Two sulfhydryls were formed for each mole of NADPH used during cystine reduction. The information presented offers a plausible explanation of how cystine, when present in excess of growth needs, may be reduced to generate sulfhydryl compounds which neutralize the antibacterial effect of lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate-hydrogen peroxide on S. agalactiae.
mesh_terms: D003553:Cystine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D007784:Lactoperoxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D013861:Thiocyanates; D003553:Cystine; D009249:NADP; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D007784:Lactoperoxidase; D010544:Peroxidases; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; C020665:glutathione-cystine transhydrogenase; C031760:thiocyanate