title: Ten year evaluation of a trial of chemoprophylaxis against tuberculosis in Frobisher Bay, Canada.
abstract: A trial of chemoprophylaxis to prevent tuberculosis in Canadian Inuit (Eskimos) was carried out in Frobisher Bay, Canada during 1971-1974. A completely supervised regimen of isoniazid and ethambutol thrice weekly for 18 months was administered. A 10-year evaluation of 370 treated persons and 217 control subjects demonstrates the sustained value of adequate chemoprophylaxis in reducing the risk of developing active tuberculosis in the 3 groups under study--1, those with a previous episode of active tuberculosis, 2, positive tuberculin reactors with normal chest X-ray and 3, BCG vaccinated individuals with large tuberculin reactions. There were 3 cases of active disease in the treated group, a risk of 0.1% per annum, and 13 cases among the controls, a risk of 1.0% per annum.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002170:Canada; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004930:Inuit; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D004977:Ethambutol; D007538:Isoniazid