title: Adaptations of skeletal muscle to endurance exercise and their metabolic consequences.
abstract: Regularly performed endurance exercise induces major adaptations in skeletal muscle. These include increases in the mitochondrial content and respiratory capacity of the muscle fibers. As a consequence of the increase in mitochondria, exercise of the same intensity results in a disturbance in homeostasis that is smaller in trained than in untrained muscles. The major metabolic consequences of the adaptations of muscle to endurance exercise are a slower utilization of muscle glycogen and blood glucose, a greater reliance on fat oxidation, and less lactate production during exercise of a given intensity. These adaptations play an important role in the large increase in the ability to perform prolonged strenuous exercise that occurs in response to endurance exercise training.
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008293:Malates / Q000378:metabolism; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000032:analysis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010807:Physical Endurance; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008293:Malates; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D006003:Glycogen