title: Oral propranolol and metoprolol both impair glucose recovery from insulin-induced hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
abstract: To the extent that they have deficient glucagon secretory responses to plasma glucose decrements, as they commonly do, patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are dependent on epinephrine-mediated beta-adrenergic mechanisms to promote recovery from hypoglycemia. Thus, they are at increased risk for prolonged hypoglycemia if treated with a nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonist such as propranolol. If the hyperglycemic actions of epinephrine are mediated through beta 2-adrenergic mechanisms, therapeutic efficacy (e.g., for hypertension or ischemic heart disease) could be accomplished without increased risk of hypoglycemia by selective beta 1-adrenergic blockade in such patients. However, oral administration of the relatively selective beta 1-adrenergic antagonist metoprolol (100 mg) and of the nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol (80 mg) both impaired recovery from insulin-induced hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM. Thus, at a dose of 100 mg, oral metoprolol is not safer than oral propranolol with respect to recovery from hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D007328:Insulin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011433:Propranolol / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D011433:Propranolol; D008790:Metoprolol