Evaluation of chlordimeform and degradation products for mutagenic and DNA-damaging activity in Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli.
The mutagenic activity of chlordimeform and two of its breakdown products, 4-chloro-o-toludine and 4-chloro-N-formyl-o-toluidine were determined with five histidine dependent strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98, TA100) and five tryptophan dependent strains of E. coli WP2 (WP2, WP2uvrA, WP67, CM611, CM571) with and without rat liver microsomal enzymes. 4-chloro-o-toluidine increased the number of the reversions of the S. typhimurium strain TA1535 more than two fold over spontaneous at the concentration of 400 micrograms/plate. The results of the DNA repair tests in the Salmonella TA1538/TA1978 and E. coli multirepair deficient systems showed that both breakdown products were active in inducing damage not repaired in at least one repair deficient strain while chlordimeform itself was inactive.
D000578:Amidines / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002742:Chlorphenamidine / Q000633:toxicity*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D051381:Rats; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics*
D000578:Amidines; D009153:Mutagens; D002742:Chlorphenamidine