title: Submucous paracervical blockade compared with intramuscular meperidine as analgesia during labor: a double-blind study.
abstract: A double-blind study was carried out to compare the effect of submucous paracervical blockade using 12 mL 0.25% bupivacaine (55 women) to the effect of intramuscular injection of 75 mg meperidine (62 women) during the first stage of labor. All 117 were normal primiparous pregnancies. Seventy-eight percent of the women in the paracervical blockade group achieved full or acceptable pain relief against 31% in the meperidine group (P less than .01). Transient fetal bradycardia occurred in two cases in the paracervical blockade group and one in the meperidine group; all infants were born in good condition. Fetal distress, defined as an umbilical artery pH of 7.15 or less and/or a one-minute Apgar score of 7 or less was more frequent in the meperidine group (16 infants) than in the paracervical blockade group (six infants) (P less than .05). Submucous paracervical blockade is superior to intramuscular meperidine as pain relief during labor. Furthermore, meperidine results in more infants with asphyxia as compared with paracervical blockade.
mesh_terms: D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical; D001034:Apgar Score; D001769:Blood; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000294:innervation; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008614:Meperidine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D009092:Mucous Membrane; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000009:adverse effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011897:Random Allocation; D013997:Time Factors; D014469:Umbilical Arteries
chemical_list: D008614:Meperidine; D002045:Bupivacaine