title: Cephalexin for the oral treatment of CAPD peritonitis.
abstract: Sixteen episodes of peritonitis in 13 patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) were treated with oral cephalexin given at each 6-hourly dialysate exchange. Serial measurements of the antibiotic concentration in serum and dialysate were made in seven cases. Cephalexin levels increased rapidly and by 12 h exceeded 27 mg/l in serum and 20 mg/l in dialysate. Dialysate levels considerably exceeded the minimum bactericidal concentration for organisms considered cephalexin-sensitive and in patients with these the clinical response was usually good. Although dialysate concentrations sometimes reached the minimum inhibitory concentration for organisms considered cephalexin-resistant the clinical response in patients from whom resistant bacteria were cultured was unsatisfactory. Intra-peritoneal antibiotic administration would seem unnecessary in many CAPD patients with peritonitis.
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D002506:Cephalexin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D002506:Cephalexin