title: Extradural morphine and pain relief following episiotomy.
abstract: One hundred and fifty obstetric patients, who had received intrapartum extradural analgesia with bupivacaine, and had required episiotomy, were given a final postpartum injection of preservative-free morphine in saline, or saline alone, on a double-blind basis. The degree of perineal analgesia was assessed by linear analogue scale at intervals up to 36 h, and oral analgesic requirements were recorded. A significant degree of analgesia was obtained for up to 12 h with morphine 2 mg, compared with saline. Increasing the dose to 4 mg increased the occurrence of side-effects, and was associated with less marked analgesia.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical; D002045:Bupivacaine; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004824:Epidural Space; D004841:Episiotomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011897:Random Allocation; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009020:Morphine; D002045:Bupivacaine