Chemotherapy of advanced colorectal carcinoma: fluorouracil alone vs. two drug combinations using fluorouracil, hydroxyurea, semustine, dacarbazine, razoxane, and mitomycin. A phase III trial by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (EST: 1278).
Patients with advanced colorectal cancer and no prior chemotherapy were randomized to six treatment regimens: A) fluorouracil (FU) alone; B) FU + hydroxyurea (HU); C) semustine (SE) + dacarbazine (DA); D) FU + HU alternating with SE + DA; E) SE + razoxane (RA); F) mitomycin (MI) + DA. There were no significant treatment differences with respect to response, which ranged from 9-23% (overall 32/207 or 15%) or median survival duration, which ranged from 17 weeks to 32 weeks. Patients treated with FU or FU + HU experienced substantially less toxicity than those on the other treatment arms.
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003606:Dacarbazine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008937:Mitomycins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation; D011929:Razoxane / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012673:Semustine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors
D008937:Mitomycins; D012673:Semustine; D011929:Razoxane; D003606:Dacarbazine; D005472:Fluorouracil; D006918:Hydroxyurea