title: Osteoporosis.
abstract: Osteoporosis is a skeletal condition in which there is a loss of bone mass, evident radiographically by diffuse rarefaction or clinically by overt fractures. It is a widespread disorder of the elderly. Several forms of osteopenia, including osteomalacia, endocrinopathy, and marrow disorders, simulate osteoporosis. In this article, there is a discussion of the risk factors in the development of osteoporosis, as well as the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of the condition, including combination therapy with calcium, vitamin D, and sodium fluoride.
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004967:Estrogens / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008593:Menopause; D010018:Osteomalacia / Q000175:diagnosis; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D004967:Estrogens; D014807:Vitamin D; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D002118:Calcium