title: Hyperglycaemia in infantile gastroenteritis.
abstract: The prevalence and pathogenesis of hyperglycaemia were investigated in a consecutive series of 27 black infants admitted to hospital with gastroenteritis over a period of three months. Hyperglycaemia (plasma glucose concentration greater than 10 mmol/l) occurred in 15 (55%) of these patients. The pathogenesis was not clear but possible contributory factors included raised concentrations of the stress hormones pancreatic glucagon, growth hormone, and cortisol; hypokalaemia; and peripheral insulin resistance. Intravenous rehydration, without insulin, corrected the plasma glucose concentrations and restored the hormonal profile towards normal within 36 to 48 hours.
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D007223:Infant; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D013006:Growth Hormone; D005934:Glucagon; D006854:Hydrocortisone