Influence of administration route and treatment duration on the glucoregulatory effects of sex steroids in female mice.
Glucose tolerance and plasma insulin concentrations were determined in intact female mice treated orally, subcutaneously and intramuscularly for 4 and 24 days with estradiol-17 beta (5 micrograms/kg/day), ethinyl estradiol (5 micrograms/kg/day) and progesterone (1 mg/kg/day). Estradiol-17 beta improved glucose tolerance and raised plasma insulin concentrations. These effects were generally greater after the longer treatment period and the s.c. administration route produced the greatest improvement in glucose tolerance with the smallest increase in plasma insulin. Ethinyl estradiol produced qualitatively similar effects to estradiol-17 beta, but quantitatively smaller. Progesterone raised plasma insulin concentrations after the longer treatment period, notably with oral and intramuscular administration, although glucose tolerance was not significantly altered. The results demonstrate the important influence of administration route and treatment duration on the changes in glucose homeostasis induced by sex steroids.
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D051379:Mice; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology
D001786:Blood Glucose; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D007328:Insulin; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D005947:Glucose