Cefonicid: a long-acting, second-generation cephalosporin. Antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and adverse effects.
Cefonicid is a new second-generation cephalosporin with a broad antimicrobial spectrum of activity and a prolonged serum elimination half-life. It has good in vitro activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, nonenterococcal streptococci, Hemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis and many of the commonly isolated Enterobacteriaceae. Organisms usually resistant to cefonicid include species of Pseudomonas, Serratia, Acinetobacter and Providencia, and Bacteroides fragilis. The drug is 98% protein bound in human serum, which probably contributes to its significant reduction of antimicrobial activity measured in serum. Limited clinical trials have demonstrated it to be effective for surgical prophylaxis and for treating infections of the urinary tract, lower respiratory tract and bone. Failures have been reported in treatment of soft tissue infections and endocarditis caused by S. aureus. A potential cost reduction may be achieved by administering a single daily dose of cefonicid for established infections or a single preoperative dose for effective surgical prophylaxis instead of multiple-dose regimens of other, similar agents.
D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D002435:Cefamandole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015790:Cefonicid; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy
D002435:Cefamandole; D015790:Cefonicid