High density lipoprotein exchange reactions.
The term human serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) represents a range of lipid-protein complexes which are identified by their density and hence their relative lipid-protein content. Because HDL composition is variable, any proposed mechanisms for lipid and protein exchange must account for this variability. More importantly, since HDL has been repeatedly shown to be a negative risk factor in atherosclerosis, physical interactions have to be put in a physiological context. In this review, the lipid and protein exchange reactions of HDL with other lipoproteins, phospholipid vesicles, lipid-coated glass beads and isolated cells, will be considered. Particular emphasis will be placed on the role of the two major apoproteins of HDL, namely apo A-I and apo A-II, in these exchange reactions and a model will be presented to explain how these apoproteins might mediate lipid exchange, interconversions of lipoprotein particles, and the egress and excretion of lipid from cells.
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005898:Glass; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D053439:Lipoproteins, HDL2; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008954:Models, Biological; D008970:Molecular Weight; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D053439:Lipoproteins, HDL2; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; C035392:high density lipoprotein-1; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase