HLA-DRw6 and renal allograft rejection.
HLA-DRw6-positive patients are "high responders" to certain renal allograft antigens. A study was therefore conducted of the outcome of 247 first renal allografts in 74 DRw6-positive and 173 DRw6-negative recipients. The effectiveness of matching for HLA-DR determinants in both groups was also analysed. The one-year graft survival in DRw6-positive patients was 59% as compared with 75% in DRw6-negative recipients (p = 0.012). A striking difference between the two groups was that HLA-DR matching significantly improved renal allograft survival only in the DRw6-positive patients. In those patients the one-year survival of HLA-DR-identical grafts was 95% as compared with only 38% for 2-DR mismatched grafts (p = 0.009). In DRw6-negative patients only a slight beneficial effect of HLA-DR matching was observed (83% versus 72% at one year for the 0-DR and 2-DR mismatched grafts, respectively) (p greater than 0.05). These findings are clear evidence that DRw6-positive patients (about a quarter of the patients on the waiting list of Eurotransplant) should be given HLA-DR-identical kidney transplants only.
D006084:Graft Rejection; D006085:Graft Survival; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology*; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000276:immunology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation
D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II