Comparison of blood-brain barrier disruption by intracarotid iopamidol and methylglucamine iothalamate.
Using a canine model, the effect of intracarotid injections of the ionic contrast medium methylglucamine iothalamate was compared with that of the nonionic contrast medium iopamidol of similar iodine concentration (280 mg 1/ml). The degree and distribution of blood-brain barrier disruption was assessed using Evans blue stain as a visual marker and by contrast enhancement measured by a computed tomographic (CT) scanner. In all studies with methylglucamine iothalamate, Evans blue staining was demonstrated, and CT enhancement demonstrated a significant mean difference (p less than 0.01) between the control and injected hemispheres. The absence of blood-brain barrier disruption with iopamidol is probably related to its lower osmolality (570 mosmol/kg) compared with methylglucamine iothalamate (1,424 mosmol/kg) and the absence of any cation.
D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects*; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004285:Dogs; D005070:Evans Blue; D005260:Female; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D007479:Iopamidol; D007482:Iothalamate Meglumine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007483:Iothalamic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
D003287:Contrast Media; D007483:Iothalamic Acid; D005070:Evans Blue; D007479:Iopamidol; D007482:Iothalamate Meglumine