Enhancement by methylxanthines of sister-chromatid exchange frequency induced by cytostatics in normal and leukemic human lymphocytes.
The effect of theobromine (TB) and diphylline (DP) or (1,2-dihydroxy-3-propyl)theophylline on SCE rates induced in vitro by mitomycin C (MMC), and the effect of caffeine on SCE rates induced in vitro by cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) was studied. The combined treatments with MMC plus TB or DP showed the potentiating ability of the latter drugs. Caffeine also enhanced SCEs induced by Ara-C in cultured human lymphocytes. Caffeine and adriamycin (ADR) did not act synergistically on induction of SCEs. In a combined study, in vivo and in vitro, lymphocytes taken from 2 leukemic patients who had been given chlorambucil (CBC) or Ara-C by injection 3 h before, and then treated with caffeine in vitro, were found to have synergistically increased exchange frequencies.
D002110:Caffeine / Q000633:toxicity; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003434:Crossing Over, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000633:toxicity*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D016685:Mitomycin; D008937:Mitomycins / Q000633:toxicity*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*; D014970:Xanthines / Q000633:toxicity*
D008937:Mitomycins; D009153:Mutagens; D014970:Xanthines; D003561:Cytarabine; C008514:methylxanthine; D002110:Caffeine; D016685:Mitomycin