title: Protein dynamics during refeeding of protein-depleted rats: effects of increasing amino acid intake by TPN or enteral continuous feeding.
abstract: The effect of increasing nitrogen intake with constant calorie supply was studied in protein-depleted rats. Animals were randomized into three paired groups to receive either total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or enteral (EF) isocaloric feedings (240 kcal X kg-1 X day-1) differing only in their amount of amino acids. The diets, composed of dextrose, a safflower oil emulsion and crystalline amino acids, were infused continuously for 5 days. Daily nitrogen intakes were for controls (EF, n = 7; TPN, n = 6) 0.25 g/kg; for groups 1 (EF, n = 7; TPN, n = 8) 1.4 g/kg and for groups 2 (EF, n = 7; TPN, n = 7) 2.5 g/kg. The rats in groups 1 and 2 obtained significant protein repletion in terms of body weight, nitrogen retention, liver protein and serum albumin regardless of the route of nutrient delivery. However, rats in groups 2 (higher nitrogen intake) presented a more rapid and greater recovery despite a reduction in nitrogen utilization. Whole-body leucine kinetics studied at the end of controlled feeding periods were similar for EF and TPN rats. However, increasing nitrogen intake (1 and 2) increased whole-body leucine flux and incorporation into protein resulting in a better balance, since leucine release from protein breakdown was comparable to controls. Liver protein fractional synthetic rates were reduced in EF while remaining at a high rate in TPN group 2 and still more elevated in TPN group 1, suggesting a preferential support of liver protein by enteral feeding or the effect of TPN as a non-physiologic route.
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002149:Energy Intake; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005260:Female; D007930:Leucine / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total; D011488:Protein Deficiency / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D011506:Proteins; D007930:Leucine; D009584:Nitrogen