title: Aluminum inhibition of ADP-ribosylation in vivo and in vitro.
abstract: Aluminum accumulates on DNA containing nuclear structures in several human degenerative brain diseases and following the direct injection of aluminum into the brain of certain experimental animals. The enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase is activated following DNA damage. Aluminum added to nuclei, in vitro, at concentrations approaching that necessary to induce a progressive encephalopathy in animals, reduces poly(ADP-ribose) formation to 75% of control. Nuclei extracted at various stages of the aluminum encephalopathy exhibit a reduction in ADP-ribosylation to 50% of control nuclei. Altered ADP-ribosylation may be an important nuclear consequence of aluminum toxicity in both the experimental models and in degenerative human brain disease.
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000506:poisoning; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism*; D009702:Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugars / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D009702:Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugars; D009243:NAD; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D000535:Aluminum; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases