title: Thyroid tumors associated with radiation exposure.
abstract: Epidemiologic studies of medically and environmentally exposed populations have been central to establishing ionizing radiation as a cause of malignant and benign thyroid tumors. Issues currently under investigation concern low dose effects, age sensitivity, the relative effectiveness of X-rays and iodine-131 in inducing thyroid cancer, and other risk factors. Excess thyroid tumors continue to appear in irradiated populations under study more than three decades after exposure.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D012306:Risk; D012737:Sex Factors; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes