title: Toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 in chickens given feed contaminated with Aspergillus flavus and reduction of the toxicity by activated charcoal and some chemical agents.
abstract: Aspergillus flavus NRRL 3357 was grown on enriched long-grain rice for 7-10 days to produce aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The quantity of AFB1 in moldy rice was determined by thin-layer chromatography using ultraviolet light. When the dried moldy rice powder was fed to day-old Hubbard X Hubbard broiler chicks in unmedicated feed (AFB1 level 10 ppm) for 8 weeks, there was a profound reduction in weight gain and feed consumption. Chickens fed AFB1 developed severe liver damage, as determined by the concentration of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 and by the activities of microsomal benzphetamine N-demethylase and serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase. However, activated charcoal, reduced glutathione, cysteine, selenium (as sodium selenite), beta-carotene, and fisetin administered orally considerably reduced the toxicity of AFB1 in the experimental chickens.
mesh_terms: D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002606:Charcoal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D003545:Cysteine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044948:Flavonols; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins; D005419:Flavonoids; D044948:Flavonols; D002606:Charcoal; D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D003545:Cysteine; C017875:fisetin