Chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis.
Chronic hepatitis is defined as diffuse chronic liver disease existing for at least 6 months. Cirrhosis is a sequel. It is of multiple etiology. Liver biopsy is essential for diagnosis and prognosis. Hepatitis B-related chronic hepatitis is slowly progressive. Corticosteroid therapy is disappointing. Current antiviral therapy converts the hepatitis B e antigen-positive patient to anti-HBe in about 50%. Non-A, non-B virus hepatitis-related chronic hepatitis suffers from lack of a diagnostic marker. No current therapy is of proven benefit. Autoimmune lupoid chronic active hepatitis presents a very active biochemical and immunological picture. Prednisolone therapy prolongs life but does not prevent the development of cirrhosis. Drug-related liver disease is recognized by its associations. Recovery follows withdrawal of the drug. Deaths often follow continuation of the drug. Indications of progression to a terminal state with likelihood of less than a 6-month survival are detailed. These are helpful in deciding on hepatic transplantation before the patient becomes moribund.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000150:complications; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000150:complications; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D009316:National Institutes of Health (U.S.); D011379:Prognosis; D014481:United States