Cerebral circulation and metabolism.
Recent developments in the field of cerebral circulation and metabolism are reviewed, with emphasis on circulatory and metabolic events that have a bearing on brain damage incurred in ischemia. The first part of the treatise reviews aspects of cerebral metabolism that provide a link to the coupling of metabolism and blood flow, notably those that lead to a perturbation of cellular energy state, ionic homeostasis, and phospholipid metabolism. In the second part, attention is focused on the derangement of energy metabolism and its effects on ion fluxes, acid-base homeostasis, and lipid metabolism. It is emphasized that gross brain damage, involving edema formation and infarction, is enhanced by tissue acidosis, and that neuronal damage, often showing a pronounced selectivity in localization, appears related to a disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis, and to Ca2+-triggered events such as lipolysis and proteolysis.
D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000503:physiopathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism
D010743:Phospholipids; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D012964:Sodium; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium