title: Effect of hyperosmotic xylitol on gastric secretion in the rat: lack of influence of cyclooxygenase inhibitors.
abstract: The effects of hyperosmotic solutions of xylitol were tested on acid and bicarbonate outputs from the rat stomach as well as on acid back-diffusion. Hyperosmotic solutions were instilled into anesthetized rats by an esophageal cannula and drained through a duodenal catheter. Spontaneously secreting and histamine-stimulated rats were used in different experiments. Hyperosmotic xylitol solutions at concentrations of 18.4% or higher produced graded inhibitions of the histamine-induced acid secretion. A 34.5% xylitol solution also inhibited spontaneous acid secretion. The same solution also caused a certain degree of acid back-diffusion and increased output of bicarbonate. Neither the inhibition acid secretion nor stimulation of bicarbonate output were affected by cyclooxygenase inhibitors indomethacin or flufenamic acid. It is concluded that hyperosmotic xylitol reduces gastric acidity by three mechanisms namely inhibition of acid secretion, increased bicarbonate output and increased back-diffusion of acid. None of these mechanisms seem to depend on prostaglandin biosynthesis.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000378:metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D005260:Female; D005439:Flufenamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000378:metabolism*; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D051381:Rats; D014993:Xylitol / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D005439:Flufenamic Acid; D006632:Histamine; D014993:Xylitol