title: The validity of animal models of depression.
abstract: Eighteen animal models of depression are reviewed in relation to three sets of validating criteria. Of the 18 models, five could only be assessed for predictive validity, seven could be assessed for predictive and face validity, and six could potentially have predictive, face and construct validity. Some traditional models (reserpine reversal, amphetamine potentiation) are rejected as invalid; the models with the highest overall validity are the intracranial self-stimulation, chronic stress and learned helplessness models in rats, and the primate separation model.
mesh_terms: D006916:5-Hydroxytryptophan / Q000494:pharmacology; D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006380:Helplessness, Learned; D006801:Humans; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000187:drug effects; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000502:physiology; D011235:Predatory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D012110:Reserpine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012653:Self Stimulation / Q000502:physiology; D012934:Social Isolation; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015016:Yohimbine; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine; D012110:Reserpine; D006916:5-Hydroxytryptophan; D000661:Amphetamine