Atherosclerosis and apoproteins B and A-I.
The lipid hypothesis stipulates that the risk of developing CAD is related to the cholesterol levels of various lipoprotein fractions, the risk increasing with either a higher LDL cholesterol level or a lower HDL cholesterol level. The data reviewed here indicate that the measurement of the plasma level of the major apoproteins of LDL and HDL, apoB and apoA-I, respectively, provide additional information in the assessment of a patient at risk for CAD. In the case of LDL B, two "normocholesterolemic" groups with CAD are detected, those with normotriglyceridemic HyperapoB and those with hypertriglyceridemic HyperapoB . In all of these syndromes associated with premature CAD, HyperapoB , FCH, and FH, the common denominator is an increased number of LDL particles. A low level of apoA-I may indicate that one of the subfractions of HDL (HDL2) is decreased. HDL2 is generally decreased in disorders where LDL B is elevated, a combination that may be particularly atherogenic. Conversely, elevated apoA-I and HDL cholesterol levels, or decreased LDL cholesterol and LDL B protein levels, are associated with a low prevalence of CAD and longevity. Thus, LDL and HDL levels may be metabolically linked, a relation which is more evident if apoproteins are measured and which may be obscured if apoproteins are not determined. The assessment of dyslipoproteinemia in a patient at risk for CAD might optimally include measurement of LDL B and apoA-I levels, in addition to LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels.
D000328:Adult; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006950:Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000097:blood; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D010840:Phytosterols; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol