Mutagenicity of fractions of cigarette smoke condensate in Neurospora crassa and Salmonella typhimurium.
The mutagenicities of selected fractions of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) were studied in Neurospora crassa for the presence of direct-acting mutagens. CSCs from the University of kentucky Reference Cigarette 1R1 were assayed in a forward-mutation test at the adenine-3 (ad-3) region in resting conidia of a 2-component heterokaryon. Direct-acting mutagenic activity was found in an enriched polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (EPAH) fraction and in a basic fraction (Swain 5). No direct-acting mutagenic activity was detected in an acidic fraction (Swain 8), although it was highly toxic to resting conidia. The EPAH fraction also was tested in the presence of S9 mix prepared from Aroclor-1254-induced rat liver. It was found to be mutagenic, but higher doses were required than in the absence of S9 mix. In addition, the mutagenicities of CSC and 10 fractions of CSC were investigated in Salmonella typhimurium TA1538 by the incorporation and preincubation methods. In general, preincubation did not enhance the mutagenicities of the fractions, and the two rankings of mutagenic potency of the condensates that were obtained by the two methods were not significantly different. This is the first report of the presence of potent direct-acting mutagenicity in the EPAH and Swain 5 fractions of CSC.
D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D009492:Neurospora crassa / Q000235:genetics; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics; D012906:Smoke; D014026:Nicotiana
D009153:Mutagens; D012906:Smoke