title: Treatment alternatives. Head and neck cancers.
abstract: No tumor system is more amenable to multidiscipline therapy than head and neck cancers. Diagnosis is enhanced by fine-needle cytology, computerized tomography (CT) scan, and tumor markers. Modified surgical techniques, CO2 laser, and immediate myocutaneous flap reconstruction have enhanced surgery. Endocurie therapy, radiosensitizers, and particle therapy supplementation have enhanced radiotherapy. Combination chemotherapy, immunotherapy, prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, and retinoids have enhanced chemotherapy. Induction chemotherapy followed by surgery with or without postoperative radiotherapy is optimum multidisciplinary therapy. Reduction in exposure to tobacco, alcohol, sunlight, gamma irradiation, occupational toxins, and Epstein-Barr virus, and recognizing high-risk hereditary conditions, can help prevent these cancers.
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D011878:Radiotherapy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007070:Immunoglobulin A