title: [Sperm metabolism, sperm vitality and cryopreservation].
abstract: Out of publications of the last two years some one concerning cryopreservation with clinical-practical relevance were reviewed: Storage at -80 degrees C caused different alterations of activity of the intracellular enzymes. The glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase is the first enzyme which leaves the cell at damage of the cellular membrane. The intracellular concentration of ATP is decreased and the AMP/ADP-rate is increased by the cryopreservation. The cryopreserving process seems to cause an activation of acrosomal proteases of spermatozoa. The damage of cells by cryopreservation is a result of the disturbance of the integrity of membrane and of the loss of ATP and Mg++. Stimulators of spermatozoal motility (caffeine, kallikrein) as a constituent of the cryopreserving medium do not increase the fertilizing capacity of the cryopreserved spermatozoa. Investigations using vitale radiolabelled spermatozoa showed a rate of 4:3 between fresh and cryopreserved spermatozoa in vivo in the upper female genital tract. The penetration test with zona-free hamster oocytes does not allow a prognosis of cryotolerance of the cells. A correlation between rate of penetration and spermiogram is unsure. The cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos is practicable.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006224:Cricetinae; D005260:Female; D005615:Freezing; D006801:Humans; D007316:Insemination, Artificial, Heterologous; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D013074:Sperm Banks; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013084:Sperm-Ovum Interactions; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D014015:Tissue Banks
vernacular_title: Spermienstoffwechsel, Spermienvitalität und Kryokonservierung.