title: Spontaneous nephrotic syndrome in a genetic rat model.
abstract: Advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of proteinuria in humans have depended on a variety of animal models. Most of these have been partially satisfactory because they require pretreatment of the animal with chemicals or toxins or they depend on an aging-related glomerular protein leakiness. The strain in this study was obtained by Koletsky after selective inbreeding of the offspring from a hypertensive Kyoto-Wistar and a normotensive Sprague-Dawley rat. The affected animals appear in 25% of the litters, indicating an autosomal recessive gene, and present with a spontaneous and progressive nephrotic syndrome detected as early as 3-5 weeks and associated with obesity, hypertension, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperlipidemia. Preliminary morphologic and immunofluorescence studies of their kidneys show progressive glomerular segmental sclerotic lesions and prominent mesangial deposition of IgM, a picture which resembles a steroid-resistant form of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in humans, namely, focal glomerular sclerosis.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000276:immunology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000378:metabolism; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D011922:Rats, Mutant Strains
chemical_list: D007075:Immunoglobulin M