title: Four siblings with similar malformations after exposure to phenytoin and primidone.
abstract: Four siblings exposed to phenytoin or primidone or both in utero are reported. Each has craniofacial features consistent with fetal hydantoin syndrome. Two of the siblings were exposed to primidone alone, indicating that phenytoin and primidone may have similar teratogenic effects.
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000187:drug effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects; D005143:Eyelids / Q000002:abnormalities; D005145:Face / Q000002:abnormalities; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000002:abnormalities; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009264:Nails, Malformed; D010641:Phenotype; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011324:Primidone / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D011324:Primidone; D010672:Phenytoin