Prophylactic diazepam in prevention of contrast media-associated seizures in glioma patients undergoing cerebral computed tomography.
Five milligrams of intravenous diazepam given prior to contrast media injection statistically significantly reduced the incidence of contrast media-associated seizures from 16% to 2% in a prospective, randomized series of glioma patients. Factors related to increased risk of contrast media-associated seizures are (1) prior seizure history due to glioma and/or prior contrast media and (2) prior or concurrent brain antineoplastic therapy. Factors not related to an increased risk of contrast media-associated seizures are (1) contrast media dosage, (2) type or grade of glioma, and (3) computerized tomographic appearance of the glioma. Theories regarding the etiology of contrast media-associated seizures are discussed.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003975:Diazepam / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011292:Premedication; D011897:Random Allocation; D012306:Risk; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
D003287:Contrast Media; D003975:Diazepam