title: The radiological evaluation of multiple pin fixation of the femoral head.
abstract: Following pin fixation of the femoral neck, extrusion of a pin tip into the joint space cannot be excluded with conventional bi-plane radiography. A per-cervical pin was allowed to extrude from the head of a dried femur. Anteroposterior and lateral photographs and roentgenograms of this preparation, simulating corresponding intra-operative radiology, demonstrated misleadingly that the pin tip was wholly within the head. Careful intra-operative and post-operative screening is considered important to detect unwanted joint penetration and so avoid avascular necrosis and late degenerative change.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001858:Bone Nails / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005265:Femoral Neck Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D011187:Posture; D011859:Radiography