title: Production of enterotoxin(s) by Staphylococcus hyicus.
abstract: Five strains of Staphylococcus hyicus (3 of subspecies hyicus and 2 of chromogenes) were tested serologically for their ability to produce known and unknown enterotoxin(s) and were also examined using monkey bioassays. None of the 5 strains produced any detectable level of the known enterotoxins A--E. However, all of them produced emetic responses in 2 or more of 6 cynomologus monkeys when culture growth was fed intragastrically. One of the 5 strains (S. hyicus subspecies hyicus, VII 76) produced emetic responses in 3 of 6 monkeys with 50 ml of culture growth. The other 4 strains required 1 l of culture broth (concentrated 20-fold) to produce an emetic response in at least 2 of 6 monkeys. Enterotoxin production is, therefore, not unique to S. aureus species. Since some of these organisms do not produce coagulase and thermonuclease, they would be ignored in food hazard evaluation.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic / Q000382:microbiology*; D001681:Biological Assay; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000633:toxicity; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D013045:Species Specificity; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004768:Enterotoxins