title: The hemolytic activity of citral: evidence for free radical participation.
abstract: In the present investigation the hemolytic properties of citral were examined. Tests with different concentrations of citral showed that hemolysis of rat erythrocytes commenced after a lag period the length of which depended on the concentration of the hemolysin and tended to 100% hemolysis. Comparison of the characteristics of the hemolysis induced by high and low citral concentrations, indicated that two mechanisms are involved--a non specific steroid--terpenoid or glutathione depletion mechanism dominating at high citral concentrations and a free radical mechanism dominating at low citral concentrations. Experiments performed with various free radical scavengers indicate that 1O2 might be involved.
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000818:Animals; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D002374:Catalase / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005609:Free Radicals; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D007704:Kininogens / Q000032:analysis*; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D039821:Monoterpenes; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology; D013729:Terpenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D005609:Free Radicals; D007704:Kininogens; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D039821:Monoterpenes; D013729:Terpenes; C039065:T-kinin; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001920:Bradykinin; C007076:citral