Contribution of sodium to the mechanism of one-kidney, renal-wrap hypertension.
The early and chronic stages of one-kidney, figure-8 renal-wrap hypertension were studied during low or normal dietary sodium intake in rats. The renal-wrap procedure caused a significant elevation in arterial pressure at 3 and 28 days postwrap with normal sodium diet. Sodium-depleted rats did not experience an increased arterial pressure following renal wrapping. Blockade of angiotensin II receptors with [Sar1-Ala8]angiotensin II caused a greater decrease in arterial pressure in the sodium-depleted, renal-wrapped animals compared with sham-operated rats. In sodium-replete rats, angiotensin receptor blockade did not lower arterial pressure. Total ganglionic blockade decreased arterial pressure significantly more in the wrapped animals than in the sodium-replete sham-operated rats and the wrapped or sham-wrapped, sodium-deplete animals. Thus the early and chronic phases of normal sodium, one-kidney, figure-8 renal hypertension are supported by an increased sympathetic nervous system function. These observations suggest that sodium is necessary for the development of one-kidney, figure-8 renal-wrap hypertension and that the presence of sodium in the diet permits a functional activation of the sympathetic nervous system in response to the renal-wrap procedure.
D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D006978:Hypertension, Renovascular / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System; D012504:Saralasin / Q000494:pharmacology; D012964:Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology
D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D000804:Angiotensin II; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012964:Sodium; D012504:Saralasin