title: Duration and toxicity of bupivacaine for topical anesthesia of the airway in the cat.
abstract: To assess bupivacaine as a topical anesthetic of the airway, 0.5 ml of 1, 2, and 4% bupivacaine was sprayed down the trachea of lightly anesthetized cats and the duration of anesthesia, systemic toxicity, and local toxicity was compared to that produced by 4% lidocaine. Two percent bupivacaine suppressed the cough reflex longer than 4% lidocaine with no increase in either local or systemic toxicity. Four percent bupivacaine produced arrhythmias in 5 of 10 cats in two groups and apnea in 4 of 6 cats. This study indicates that 2% would be an appropriate concentration to assess bupivacaine as a topical anesthetic of the airway in humans.
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D000818:Animals; D001049:Apnea / Q000139:chemically induced; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000139:chemically induced; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000633:toxicity*; D002415:Cats; D003371:Cough; D005260:Female; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D008012:Lidocaine; D002045:Bupivacaine