title: Two methods for serial blood sampling from unrestrained, undisturbed turkeys with notes on the effects of acute stressors on plasma levels of prolactin.
abstract: A method was developed for chronic cannulation of the atrium of the turkey. Two methods, one employing a headmount swivel-tethering system and the other a backmount swivel-tethering system, were developed for serial bleeding from cannulated turkeys kept in an environmental cubicle. To validate the methods for serial bleeding from undisturbed, unrestrained turkeys, the effects were examined of several stressors on plasma prolactin (PRL) levels in adult toms. Serial bleeding at 2-min intervals followed by withdrawal of one sample of 50 ml at 2 hr after initiation of bleeding had no effect on plasma PRL. Water deprivation for 24 hr or intraatrial infusion of hypertonic saline had no effect on plasma PRL. Intraatrial injection of 10 mg/kg of epinephrine bitartrate resulted in a significant elevation of plasma concentrations of PRL.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000662:veterinary; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D014422:Turkeys / Q000097:blood*; D014868:Water Deprivation
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride; D011388:Prolactin; D004837:Epinephrine