title: Operating microscope light-induced retinal injury: mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and preventive measures.
abstract: Experimental and clinical evidence of light-induced retinal injury associated with the operating microscope is reviewed. The mechanism of photochemical injury is discussed, as well as the concept of reversible phototoxic insults. Factors that influence retinal recovery and measures that can be taken by the surgeon to reduce light exposure to the retina are also discussed.
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular / Q000009:adverse effects; D008027:Light / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008853:Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000295:instrumentation; D010777:Photochemistry; D012160:Retina / Q000293:injuries*; D013523:Surgical Equipment; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000528:radiation effects