title: The regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis using alpha-ketoisovalerate and propionate as precursors.
abstract: The regulation of gluconeogenesis from alpha-ketoisovalerate and propionate was investigated in perfused livers from fasted rats. With alpha-ketoisovalerate as the gluconeogenic precursor, infusion of beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetate stimulated the rate of alpha-ketoisovalerate decarboxylation, but inhibited the rate of glucose production. Oleate, on the other hand, inhibited both alpha-ketoisovalerate decarboxylation and glucose production. When propionate was the primary gluconeogenic substrate, oleate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetate infusion did not significantly alter hepatic glucose production. The present studies suggest that gluconeogenesis from alpha-ketoisovalerate is regulated at the level of various dehydrogenases prior to formation of propionyl-CoA, but subsequent to the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase reaction.
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology; D019342:Acetic Acid; D000818:Animals; D003653:Decarboxylation; D005943:Gluconeogenesis; D045782:Hemiterpenes; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D007651:Keto Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D019301:Oleic Acid; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D010477:Perfusion; D011422:Propionates / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D045782:Hemiterpenes; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D007651:Keto Acids; D009829:Oleic Acids; D011422:Propionates; D019301:Oleic Acid; C001505:alpha-ketoisovalerate; C029658:propionic acid; D019342:Acetic Acid; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid