title: Ratio of serum urea to serum creatinine in wild black bears.
abstract: In winter, the ratio of serum urea to serum creatinine is 10 or less in denning female and male bears. In midsummer it is 22 or more, similar to that of other mammals. However, in late summer and early fall, while food is available, the urea-to-creatinine ratio approaches or becomes 10 or less. The low value of this ratio appears to indicate the biochemical state of hibernation, and many bears are in this state weeks before they den.
mesh_terms: D000828:Animal Population Groups / Q000097:blood*; D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D002335:Carnivora / Q000097:blood*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005523:Food Supply; D006605:Hibernation; D008297:Male; D012621:Seasons; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood*; D001503:Ursidae / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014508:Urea; D003404:Creatinine