title: The effect of gallamine, gallopamil and nifedipine on responses to acetylcholine and carbachol in the taenia of the guinea-pig caecum.
abstract: The effects of gallamine, gallopamil and nifedipine on isotonic contractions of the isolated taenia of the guinea-pig caecum produced by acetylcholine (ACh) or carbachol (CCh) were investigated. Gallamine (0.1 to 0.3 mM) inhibited contractions produced by CCh more than those produced by ACh. The difference was still present after pretreatment of the tissue with paraoxon (10 microM for 20 min) to inhibit cholinesterases or in experiments carried out in the presence of tetrodotoxin (0.3 microM) to exclude possible ganglionic stimulation by the agonists. Gallopamil or nifedipine selectively inhibited the tonic response to ACh in the absence or presence of paraoxon. The phasic response to ACh or the tonic response to CCh (0.1 or 1 microM) was much less affected. Reduction of the Ca2+ content of the bath medium reduced phasic and tonic responses to ACh more than the tonic response to CCh. These results suggest that there are differences in the interaction of ACh and CCh with muscarinic receptors in this muscle.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002432:Cecum / Q000187:drug effects; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005703:Gallamine Triethiodide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005711:Gallopamil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects*; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010261:Paraoxon / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005711:Gallopamil; D001285:Atropine; D002217:Carbachol; D014700:Verapamil; D009543:Nifedipine; D000109:Acetylcholine; D005703:Gallamine Triethiodide; D010261:Paraoxon; D002118:Calcium