title: Mode of action of conventional and potassium-sparing diuretics--aspects with relevance to Mg-sparing effects. Review of the present state of the art and recent findings.
abstract: The sites and modes of action of five groups of diuretics within the nephron, and their effects on magnesium excretion are outlined. More than 60% of the glomerularly filtered magnesium is reabsorbed in the loop of Henle. Hence, the loop diuretics induce a strong magnesium excretion. The benzothiadiazine diuretics increase magnesium excretion only moderately. In contrast, the potassium-sparing diuretics amiloride and triamterene, as well as the aldosterone antagonists, increase magnesium reabsorption and therefore may be designated as magnesium-conserving diuretic drugs. The possible modes of action of this property are discussed.
mesh_terms: D000584:Amiloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D004232:Diuretics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005665:Furosemide / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007700:Kinetics; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D008954:Models, Biological; D009399:Nephrons / Q000187:drug effects; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics; D000584:Amiloride; D005665:Furosemide; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium