title: Antagonism of pancuronium neuromuscular blockade in halothane-anesthetized ponies using neostigmine and edrophonium.
abstract: Efficacy of neostigmine (0.04 mg/kg of body weight) and edrophonium (1 mg/kg), as antagonists for pancuronium neuromuscular blockade in halothane-anesthetized ponies, was evaluated. Neostigmine and edrophonium were satisfactory antagonists, with edrophonium having a significantly (P less than 0.01) more rapid onset of action than did neostigmine. Muscarinic activity of neostigmine and edrophonium was also evaluated. Neither antagonist was administered with atropine. Gastrointestinal effects, increased salivation, and increased airway secretions were minimal with edrophonium, but were marked after neostigmine. Blood pressure increased within 1 to 2 minutes of antagonist administration. Heart rate decreased after edrophonium injection, but this occurred after blood pressure increase. Heart rate increased or did not change after neostigmine administration.
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects*; D004064:Digestive System / Q000187:drug effects*; D004491:Edrophonium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009388:Neostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects*; D010197:Pancuronium / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012472:Salivation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D009388:Neostigmine; D004491:Edrophonium; D010197:Pancuronium