Demonstration of N-acetyldopamine in human kidney and urine.
Free and conjugated dopamine and N-acetyldopamine concentrations were measured in human urine and kidneys by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography with single-electrode electrochemical detection. Conjugated N-acetyldopamine was found to occur in urine from six normal humans and in four out of six human kidneys. Unconjugated N-acetyldopamine was detected in only one urine sample and in three of seven kidneys. Urinary excretion of total N-acetyldopamine averaged 0.485 micromoles/day in the same subjects. In the kidneys, total N-acetyldopamine concentration averaged 1.46 nanomoles/gram. N-Acetyldopamine was not detected in human caudate nucleus, mouse whole brain, or liver from Rhesus monkey. When daily urinary excretion rates of N-acetyldopamine were determined in six individuals by both single- and dual-electrode electrochemical detection, the results were highly correlated for both free and total N-acetyldopamine (r greater than 0.97, p less than 0.001). Using dual-electrode electrochemical detection, conjugated N-acetyldopamine accounted for 96.4% of the total N-acetyldopamine excretion. This value was 95.8% in the same individuals using single-electrode detection.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004298:Dopamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000032:analysis*; D008099:Liver / Q000032:analysis; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged
C006374:N-acetyldopamine; D004298:Dopamine