title: The effect of local and parenteral vaccination on the response of the guinea pig mammary gland to staphylococcal challenge.
abstract: Preparturient guinea pigs vaccinated locally (orally and intramammarily) or parenterally (intradermally) with killed Staphylococcus aureus (KS), were challenged intramammarily (IMM) with KS or viable S. aureus during the next lactation. The number and types of leukocytes emigrating into the milk were determined before and after IMM challenge. The milk leukocytosis after challenge with KS was the greatest in the intradermally (ID) vaccinated animals, moderate in the IMM vaccinated animals, and insignificant in the unvaccinated or orally vaccinated animals. The polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocyte predominated in the milk of the IMM and ID vaccinated animals during the initial 30 h after challenge with KS. Later (30-102 h postchallenge), the mononuclear leukocyte (macrophage and lymphocytes) was the major cell-type. No significant changes in the number or types of leukocytes occurred in the milk of the unvaccinated or orally vaccinated animals after challenge. Intramammary challenge with viable S. aureus caused a large increase in the number of leukocytes in the milk of all animals. The milk leukocytosis occurred more rapidly in locally vaccinated guinea pigs than unvaccinated or ID vaccinated guinea pigs. The PMN leukocyte predominated in the milk of all animals during the period of maximum response. The incidence and severity of staphylococcal mastitis were less in guinea pigs vaccinated locally than ID vaccinated or unvaccinated animals.
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007267:Injections; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D007774:Lactation; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000276:immunology*; D008413:Mastitis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008892:Milk / Q000166:cytology; D011247:Pregnancy; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013209:Staphylococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D013209:Staphylococcal Vaccines