title: Comparative pharmacokinetics of Sch 28191 and amphotericin B in mice, rats, dogs, and cynomolgus monkeys.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of Sch 28191, the N-D-ornithyl methyl ester of amphotericin B, and amphotericin B were studied in mice, rats, dogs, and cynomolgus monkeys after an intravenous dose of 0.6 mg/kg was administered. The decline in the concentrations of Sch 28191 and amphotericin B in serum appeared to be biphasic in nature. The half-life at the distribution phase and the half-life at the elimination phase of Sch 28191 were similar to those of amphotericin B in all animals studied. The half-life at the distribution phase in serum was 0.9 to 1.5 h in all animals studied. The half-lives at the elimination phase in serum were 25 to 28 h in mice, 16 to 18 h in rats, 44 to 47 h in dogs, and 35 h in cynomolgus monkeys. The areas under the serum concentration-time curves of Sch 28191 were five- to eightfold larger than those of amphotericin B in rats, dogs, and cynomolgus monkeys but were only slightly larger than those of amphotericin B in mice. In dogs, the urinary excretion (over 9 days) of unchanged drug accounted for 23% of the Sch 28191 dose and 25% of the amphotericin B dose. The concentrations of Sch 28191 in serum were also studied after the intravenous administration of 0.3, 0.6, or 1.25 mg/kg to dogs. The serum concentration-time curves were parallel for these doses. There was a linear relationship between the areas under the concentration-time curves and the doses, indicating dose proportionality.
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs; D006207:Half-Life; D007700:Kinetics; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D051381:Rats; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; C040293:ornithylamphotericin methyl ester; D000666:Amphotericin B