title: Drugs, food additives and natural products as promoters in rat urinary bladder carcinogenesis.
abstract: The promoting effects of various chemicals on urinary bladder carcinogenesis in rats initiated with N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) were studied. Male Fischer 344 rats were given BBN at 0.01% or 0.05% in their drinking-water for four weeks. One of the following chemicals was then administered in the diet for 32 or 34 weeks: acetazolamide, allopurinol, phenobarbital, phenacetin, ortho-phenylphenol, sodium ortho-phenylphenate, diphenyl, sodium L-ascorbate, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, sodium saccharin, aspartame, sodium cyclamate, stevioside, DL-tryptophan, quercetin, caffeine, nicotine and hippuric acid. Phenacetin, sodium ortho-phenylphenate, sodium L-ascorbate and butylated hydroxyanisole were significant promoters of urinary bladder neoplasia in rats initiated with BBN. Sodium saccharin, diphenyl, butylated hydroxytoluene, allopurinol, and DL-tryptophan caused moderate or slight promotion of neoplastic changes in the experimental animals. No change in tumour yield was observed after administration of the other chemicals.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole / Q000633:toxicity; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene / Q000633:toxicity; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine; D002273:Carcinogens; D005503:Food Additives / Q000633:toxicity*; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002273:Carcinogens; D005503:Food Additives; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine; C004369:2-phenylphenol; D001205:Ascorbic Acid