title: In vivo metabolism of dimethylformamide and relationship to toxicity in the male rat.
abstract: After in vivo administration of dimethylformamide (DMF) to male rats, about 50% of the dose is excreted in urine as N-hydroxymethyl-N-methylformamide (DMF-OH) and about 4% as N-methylformamide (NMF). NMF is not a product of DMF-OH biotransformation but is directly formed from DMF. Comparison of the acute toxicity of DMF, DMF-OH and NMF shows that NMF is more toxic than DMF-OH, which is itself more toxic than DMF. This study explains the different toxicity profile of DMF and NMF which until recently was believed to represent the main metabolite of DMF.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004126:Dimethylformamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000652:urine; D005559:Formamides / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000652:urine; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D005559:Formamides; C042331:N-hydroxymethyl-N-methylformamide; D004126:Dimethylformamide; C002950:methylformamide