title: Use of a zwitterionic detergent for the preparation of an influenza virus vaccine: 2. Immunogenicity of Empigen-treated virus in animals.
abstract: The immunogenicity of zwitterionic detergent-disrupted influenza virus vaccine preparations, intact virus vaccine and vaccine preparations obtained by treatment of the intact virus with Triton-X 100 or cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was studied in hamsters and mice. In all experiments the intact, inactivated virus vaccine induced greater serum haemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) and neuraminidase-inhibiting (NI) antibody titres than the detergent-disrupted preparations. The serum HI antibody responses induced in hamsters and mice by Empigen-, Triton-, or CTAB-disrupted vaccines were similar, although more highly purified Empigen-disrupted preparations elicited marginally lower immune responses. In both animal species, all vaccine preparations afforded a similar degree of protection against homologous virus challenge.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D006224:Cricetinae; D003902:Detergents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D003902:Detergents; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C041772:empigen BB