title: Peripheral arterial contrast echocardiography: a new method for the detection of left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus.
abstract: A modified echocardiographic method (peripheral arterial contrast echocardiography, PACE) using suprasternal notch (SSN) echocardiography and rapid hand injection of 5% glucose solution through peripheral arteries is introduced. This method was used to determine the presence of a left-to-right shunting via patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in 50 patients with various congenital heart disease among neonates, infants, and young children. Echocardiographic findings were compared with cardiac catheterization/angiography, surgery, and/or autopsy. Diagnosis of PDA made by PACE was sensitive in 98.5% and specific in 100% of cases. Thus, the PACE examination is a reliable bed-side technique to detect qualitatively the presence or absence of a left-to-right shunting PDA accompanied with acyanotic or cyanotic heart disease.
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000002:abnormalities
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005947:Glucose