title: Stimulation of lipid peroxidation and heme oxygenase activity with inhibition of cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase in the liver of rats repeatedly exposed to cadmium.
abstract: Exposure of rats to 0.1 and 0.5 mg Cd/kg subcutaneously (s.c.) thrice weekly for 5 weeks resulted in an accumulation of cadmium in the liver in concentrations of 40 and 95 micrograms/g tissue, respectively, and a microsomal burden of Cd amounting to approx. 2-3% of the retained cadmium. The cytoplasm contained about 80% of the cadmium. At an exposure dose of 0.1 mg Cd/kg, stimulation of lipid peroxidation by 22% and inhibition of ALA synthetase by 16% in the liver were observed. The higher exposure of 0.5 mg Cd/kg caused an inhibition of microsomal monooxygenase with depression of cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome b5 by 20% (over 2-fold prolongation of hexobarbital sleeping time and statistically significant decrease of activity of aniline p-hydroxylase). The loss of cytochrome P-450 probably was due to an intensified lipid peroxidation and induction of heme oxygenase (30% and 60% over control, respectively). Sequestration of cadmium by cytoplasm (metallothionein) does not protect microsomes against cadmium accumulation and specific biochemical disturbances.
mesh_terms: D000624:5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase / Q000378:metabolism; D000815:Aniline Hydroxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism; D002105:Cadmium Poisoning / Q000378:metabolism*; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D003573:Cytochrome b Group / Q000378:metabolism; D015786:Cytochromes b5; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) / Q000378:metabolism*; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010105:Oxygenases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D003573:Cytochrome b Group; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D002104:Cadmium; D015786:Cytochromes b5; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D010105:Oxygenases; D000815:Aniline Hydroxylase; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); D000624:5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase