title: Imaging of biological structures with the scanning transmission electron microscope.
abstract: The scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) is discussed in view of biological applications. Theoretical considerations are given, but the emphasis is directed to practical examples from a range of biological projects. The STEM is most efficiently used in elastic and inelastic dark-field modes providing information on the scattering power of the irradiated sample. Thus, the STEM is an ideal tool for quantitative measurements such as mass-mapping or element-mapping at high resolution. Limitations of such methods due to multiple scattering and quantum noise are briefly reviewed.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002843:Chromatin / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008099:Liver / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D013604:T-Phages / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin