title: Platelet-activating factor phosphatidate, but not platelet-activating factor, is a powerful calcium ionophore in the human red cell.
abstract: Platelet-activating factor (1-0-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine, PAF) is a potent inducer of shape-change, aggregation and secretion in platelets. PAF causes a rapid increase in intracellular calcium, but has no calcium gating effect in intact lipid bilayers. Human red cells (RBC) did not metabolize either PAF or PAF-phosphatidate (PAF-PA). While PAF (10 microM) was devoid of calcium ionophoretic activity, PAF-PA (1-5 microM) stimulated calcium influx into intact human RBC. In addition, PAF-PA (1-10 microM), but not PAF (10 microM), elicited a series of satellite effects related to the rise of intracellular calcium: 1) increased efflux of intracellular potassium (Gàrdos effect); 2) alkalinization of unbuffered RBC suspensions; 3) stimulation of ATP consumption and production, and enhancement of glycolytic flux with crossover at the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase step. These effects exactly duplicate those brought about by the calcium ionophore A23187. The ionophoretic potency of PAF-PA was about half that of A23187. Approximately the same concentrations of PAF-PA as those that stimulate calcium influx into RBC elicit full aggregatory response in human platelets. It is possible that transformation of PAF into PAF-PA by the combined action of phospholipase C and diacylglycerol kinase contributes to the increase of calcium influx in platelets.
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007476:Ionophores; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids / Q000502:physiology*; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D007476:Ionophores; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; C044218:platelet activating factor phosphatidate; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium