title: Quantitative changes in aminoacylation of transfer RNA and in free amino acids during fructose-induced depletion of adenine nucleotides in rat liver.
abstract: Fructose induces depletion of adenine nucleotides in liver and also strongly inhibits incorporation of radioactive amino acids into protein (Mäenpää, P.H., Raivio, K.O. and Kekomäki, M.P. (1968) Science 161, 1253-1254). In this study we have investigated the effects of fructose on aminoacylation of tRNA and on free amino acids in rat liver. 30 min after D-fructose (30 mmol/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into rats, liver ATP was reduced by 58%, ADP by 42%, AMP by 13%, the ATP/ADP ratio by 30%, and total adenine nucleotides by 48%. Using gas chromatography, the aminoacylation of tRNA was determined by quantifying the endogenous amino acids attached to tRNA in vivo. Aminoacylation was reduced by 31%. With different amino acids, reduction varied from 4% (asparagine plus aspartic acid) to 58% (arginine). On the other hand, the amount of free amino acids in the liver was increased by 24%. The most marked individual change was in alanine, which increased 5.7-times. This may have resulted from a combination of effects involving an increased production of alanine in muscle and liver and decreased hepatic gluconeogenesis from alanine caused by the ATP depletion.
mesh_terms: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism*; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D005632:Fructose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012346:RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D000596:Amino Acids; D012346:RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl; D005632:Fructose