title: How to increase the motility of spermatozoa from the epididymis of bulls and alloplastic spermatoceles in minipigs.
abstract: The motility of spermatozoa from the head and tail of the epididymis in bulls was studied. Qualitatively and quantitatively, the motility of spermatozoa from the cauda was distinctly better than that from the caput. It was possible to achieve a highly significant increase in the motility of epididymal spermatozoa from the caput as well as the cauda area using caffeine or a caffeine-kallikrein mixture. Above all, motility stimulants improved the local motility of the epididymal spermatozoa as compared to twitching and progressive motility. The motility of caudal spermatozoa was increased by 100%, corresponding to local movement of 59% of the total number of sperm cells. It was possible to demonstrate an increase in the almost totally absent motility of the caput spermatozoa to 27% local motility. Application of kallikrein without addition of kininogens led to no significant change in spermatozoa motility. By the addition of caffeine, it was possible to increase the motility of minipig epididymal spermatozoa taken by puncture from alloplastic spermatoceles significantly. In 23 aspirates, a prompt increase in the percentage of locally motile "spermatocele spermatozoa" from 12% to 23.5% was observed.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D004822:Epididymis; D007610:Kallikreins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D013077:Sperm Head / Q000187:drug effects; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D013082:Sperm Tail / Q000187:drug effects; D013088:Spermatocele / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine; D007610:Kallikreins