Citrinin mycotoxicosis in the rabbit: clinicopathological alterations.
Citrinin, a nephrotoxic mycotoxin, was dissolved in 0.5 N-NaOH neutralized with HCl and given in a single oral dose of 120 mg/kg (Trial I) or 80 or 100 mg/kg (Trial II) to male New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2.0-2.7 kg. In Trial I, sequential measurements of clinicopathological parameters were made over a 24-hr period. Azotaemia and metabolic acidosis with haemoconcentration and hypokalaemia developed within 4-12 hr. In Trial II, clinicopathological and urinary parameters were measured daily for 7 days. Increased blood urea nitrogen and serum-creatine levels and decreased creatinine clearance indicated renal failure; these values were most abnormal on days 2-4, returning to normal or near normal by day 7 in rabbits that survived. Urine analysis indicated tubular dysfunction and necrosis with glucosuria, isosthenuria and cylindruria; most urinary parameters were normal by day 7.
D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002953:Citrinin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D006400:Hematocrit; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009780:Occult Blood; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood
D001578:Benzopyrans; D001639:Bicarbonates; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001798:Blood Proteins; D009183:Mycotoxins; D002953:Citrinin; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine; D011188:Potassium