title: Purified -SH-activated toxins (streptolysin O, alveolysin): new tools for determination of platelet enzyme activities.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the lytic effect on human platelet preparations (washed, gel-filtered and dextran-isolated) of two sulfhydryl-activated bacterial protein toxins, streptolysin 0 and and alveolysin, and to compare their efficacy with that of other disruptive procedures (freezing and thawing, ultrasonic, mechanical, or nystatin-toluene treatment) as a method for the determination of various platelet enzyme activities. The enzymes assayed were alkaline and acid phosphatases, monoamine oxidase, phenolsulfotransferase, N-acetyltransferase, hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase, glutathione peroxidase and lactate dehydrogenase. In all cases, the lowest activities were found after freezing and thawing and/or ultrasonic disruption. The highest activities were always observed in the platelet lysates obtained after toxin, and in some instances after nystatin-toluene treatment. Intermediate values were obtained for mechanical disruption. The -SH-activated cytolysins thus appear to be appropriate and gentle tools for the assay of platelet enzymes when compared to the physical or chemical procedures generally employed.
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D005615:Freezing; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D006801:Humans; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D010979:Platelet Function Tests; D013301:Streptolysins; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D013301:Streptolysins; C025964:streptolysin O; C014963:alveolysin