Evidence for generation of the precarcinogen nitrosodimethylamine in the small intestine in chronic renal failure.
We have previously reported raised concentrations of dimethylamine and also bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine in CRF. Evidence for in vivo NDMA formation in the same site in CRF is now presented. Gastroduodenal intubation was performed in 9 healthy volunteers and 7 patients with advanced chronic renal failure. Blood, gastric, and duodenal aspirates were analyzed for NDMA. NDMA levels in control and CRF patients for blood were normal, but for gastric aspirate they were 67 +/- 13 and 312 +/- 68 (P less than 0.001) and for duodenal aspirate they were 70 +/- 21 and 319 +/- 47 (P less than 0.001), respectively. The results of bacterial cultures confirmed small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. We thus demonstrated statistically significant differences between NDMA concentrations in the control subjects and patients for both gastric and duodenal aspirates. This suggests that there is increased intestinal generation of NDMA in uremia. The presence of this precarcinogen may be linked with the reported increase in the incidence of cancer in CRF.
D001419:Bacteria / Q000472:pathogenicity; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000209:etiology*
D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine