Two modifications of fixed appliances.
The use of a 1.0 mm auxiliary archwire to reinforce anchorage  and provide an attachment for an orthodontic force is described. The use of tie-back circles in flexible archwires to stabilize long buccal spans is described.
D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000473:pathology; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000473:pathology; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000628:therapy; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000379:methods*