Treatment approaches in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.
The neurological disorder Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is most often treated with the receptor blocker haloperidol, which also produces multiple side-effects, including the risk for tardive dyskinesia. In placebo control double-blind studies, two other neuroleptic drugs, fluphenazine and trifluoperazine, were found to be as efficaceous as haloperidol, but with fewer side-effects. In other studies, clonidine was shown to be equally efficaceous with haloperidol, but did not produce adverse central nervous system side-effects. To treat the extrapyramidal side-effects accompanying the treatment of Tourette syndrome with neuroleptic agents, amantadine and benztropine were compared in a crossover study. It was demonstrated that amantadine is a superior agent in treating the side effects of haloperidol treatment in Tourette syndrome. The use of lithium was without significant action upon lessening the tics of Tourette syndrome.
D000547:Amantadine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001590:Benztropine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003000:Clonidine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005476:Fluphenazine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008094:Lithium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005879:Tourette Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014268:Trifluoperazine / Q000627:therapeutic use
D001590:Benztropine; D014268:Trifluoperazine; D008094:Lithium; D000547:Amantadine; D006220:Haloperidol; D003000:Clonidine; D005476:Fluphenazine