Nonrandom cytogenetic changes in New Zealand patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
Bone marrow clones with abnormal chromosomes were observed in 56% of 66 patients with forms of acute myeloid leukemia [French-American-British (FAB) M1-M6]. Acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML, M1 and M2) was the most common form, and 65% of these patients showed chromosomal abnormalities compared with 41% of patients with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMoL, M4). The recognized nonrandom chromosomal abnormalities found were trisomy 8, monosomy 5 or 7, trisomy 1q, t(6;9), t(8;21), t(15;17), and abnormalities in 17q. There was also a strong involvement of chromosome No. 11: Abnormalities were found in eight patients when their leukemia was diagnosed and in a further three patients during the course of karyotypic evolution. Six of these patients had AMMoL or AMoL. Complex or multiple clones were found in 37% of AML patients at diagnosis. Our AML patients had a reduced frequency of abnormalities in chromosome No. 5 or 7 and an increased frequency of abnormalities in chromosome No. 8 compared with studies reported in other countries (p = 0.01). This difference suggests that in New Zealand AML might be caused by factors different from those operating in more industrialized centers.
D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002871:Chromosome Banding; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / Q000235:genetics; D007948:Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute / Q000235:genetics; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand