title: Short-term tests for transplacentally active carcinogens. Induction of sister-chromatid exchanges in foetal brain, lung and blood-forming cells by procarbazine and cyclophosphamide.
abstract: The induction of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) by cyclophosphamide (CP) and procarbazine (PC) in mouse granulocyte-macrophage precursor cells (GM cells) and erythroblasts from foetal liver, and cells from foetal brain and foetal lung has been measured. Agents were administered in vivo, and cells explanted into BrdUrd-containing medium for 2 cell cycles in vitro (using specific growth-promoting substances where necessary) to determine SCE frequency. Tissue and cell-type differences in responses were observed, and it is concluded that the in vivo/in vitro transplacental SCE technique is a useful indicator of genotoxic effects of agents which are potential transplacental carcinogens.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology; D002273:Carcinogens; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003434:Crossing Over, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000196:embryology; D008168:Lung / Q000196:embryology; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011344:Procarbazine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D011344:Procarbazine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide