Amiodarone-induced hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Evidence of an immunological cell-mediated mechanism.
Interstitial pneumonitis developed in a patient who had received a cumulative dose of 985 g of amiodarone in nine years. No other cause for pneumonitis was found. The following findings favor an immunologic mechanism of hypersensitivity due to amiodarone: positive skin and basophil degranulation tests with amiodarone; lymphocytosis and inverted ratio of helper/suppressor T lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; secretion of leukocyte inhibitory factor, as shown by the inhibition of migration of peripheral blood leukocytes; and positive lymphoblastic transformation in the presence of amiodarone.
D000368:Aged; D000542:Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology; D000638:Amiodarone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002464:Cell Migration Inhibition; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology; D012882:Skin Tests; D013601:T-Lymphocytes; D013997:Time Factors
D001572:Benzofurans; D000638:Amiodarone