title: Selective suppression of judged sweetness by ziziphins.
abstract: The effects of ziziphins and of control treatments upon judgments by human adults of the sweetness, sourness, bitterness, and saltiness of American apple cider or apple juice were measured with a category estimation method during repeated trials before, during (90 sec treatment duration only), and after, treatment. Sweetness was reduced after either a 10 sec or a 90 sec whole mouth treatment with ziziphins, but not after quinine sulfate or apple juice control treatment. No differences in after-treatment sourness, bitterness, or saltiness occurred between treatments. The reduction in sweetness was weak with 10 sec 3.5% W/V ziziphins treatment, but strong after 90 sec 0.88% W/V ziziphins treatment; duration of suppression was ca. 70 sec. The mechanism was identified as taste modification since adaptation, cross-adaptation, and mixture suppression were eliminated by control treatments and by post-treatment rests and rinse. Comparisons with known gymnemic acids effects suggest that net dissociation of ziziphins from taste receptor membranes and/or inactivation in the membrane may be much faster than with gymnemic acids.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001628:Beverages; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011803:Quinine; D013649:Taste / Q000187:drug effects*; D031957:Ziziphus
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; C025127:ziziphin; D011803:Quinine