title: Paraplegic ambulation: a systems point of view.
abstract: Neurophysiological systems preserved distal to a complete spinal lesion, and relevant to walking, are reviewed in the manner of an engineering control systems analysis. On that basis, an outline is given of theoretical concepts, current developments and future possibilities for neuromuscular electrical stimulation to provide paraplegic ambulation.
mesh_terms: D001698:Biomedical Engineering; D003201:Computers; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D004576:Electromyography; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D009047:Motor Neurons, Gamma / Q000502:physiology; D009132:Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D010264:Paraplegia / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000502:physiology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000502:physiology