title: Toxicokinetics, covalent binding and histopathological features of [14C]2-chloro-4-acetotoluidide toxicity in the starling after intravenous administration.
abstract: The toxicokinetics and subcellular covalent binding of the avicide 2-chloro-4-acetotoluidide (CAT) were examined in the starling. Intravenous administration of 4.5 mg/kg ring-labeled [14C]-CAT produced biphasic decay curves of the radioactivity in plasma and other tissues. The alpha phase of the decay curves ranged from 17 min to 1 hr while the beta phase of the decay curves varied widely from 4 hr up to 23 hr. Significant amounts of tissue covalent binding were found only in the plasma, liver, and kidney. The amount of covalently bound material found in plasma and liver varied from 30 to 55 pmole/mg protein and from 800 to 1100 pmole/mg protein in the kidney. A subcellular distribution study indicated that there is a high affinity for covalently bound radioactivity in the light mitochondrial and microsomal fractions of the liver and kidney. The kidneys of treated birds, 18 hr postinjection, had areas of necrosis, swelling of the proximal tubule epithelium, and dilation of the distal tubules. No lesions were found in the livers of these birds.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds / Q000378:metabolism*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006207:Half-Life; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014052:Toluidines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D014052:Toluidines; C000404:2-chloro-4-acetotoluidine