Modulation of myelopoiesis in vivo by synthetic adjuvant-active muramyl peptides: induction of colony-stimulating activity and stimulation of stem cell proliferation.
Modulation of myelopoiesis by three synthetic muramyl peptides was investigated in vivo. Two adjuvant-active compounds (N-acetylmuramyl dipeptide [MDP] and MDP-butyl-ester) elicited significant responses in DBA/2 mice characterized by a rise in the level of monocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating activity in serum, a proliferation of multipotential stem cells in the bone marrow, and an expansion of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors in the spleen. In contrast, the adjuvant-inactive stereoisomer MDP(D-D) induced only low levels of circulating colony-stimulating activity. Thus, MDP or MDP-butyl-ester injection could induce a greater number of macrophages and therefore enhance both specific and nonspecific immunity.
D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine; C033575:murabutide