title: Stylus-maze performance in patients with frontal-lobe lesions: effects of signal valency and relationship to verbal and spatial abilities.
abstract: In 1964-1965 Milner demonstrated that patients with frontal lobe lesions display deficits on a stylus-maze task, and suggested that this is due to a dysfunction of the ability to change responses-set readily in accordance with varying environmental signals. Patients with frontal lobe lesions were tested on either the traditional form of the task (which emphasizes errors), or on a form which emphasizes correctness. Both groups displayed deficits, but there were no significant differences between groups. Errors were negatively correlated with spatial IQ, while rule-breakages were negatively correlated with verbal IQ.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011612:Psychosurgery / Q000009:adverse effects; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology*