title: Effects of alcoholic extract from Ma-Klua (Diospyros mollis) on adults and larvae of the dwarf tapeworm, Hymenolepis nana in mice and on the infectivity of the eggs.
abstract: The anthelmintic effect of an alcoholic extract from a shrub, Diospyros mollis, popularly known as Ma-Klua in Thailand, on the adults and larvae of the dwarf tapeworm, Hymenolepis nana, in mice was studied in comparison with that of flubendazole. The experimentally infected mice were given a single oral dose of 10-1000 mg of Ma-Klua extract or flubendazole/kg body wt 1, 2, 3, 4, or 12 days post-infection and autopsied 14 days post-infection. Ma-Klua extract was effective in the elimination of adults (ED50 = 79 mg/kg) but not larvae. Drastic effects of Ma-Klua extract on the motility and structure of adults were observed and the number of the adults in mice decreased with time after administration of the drug 12 days post-infection. The small numbers of adults remaining in the host intestine 2 days after the drug administration showed severe damage in the gravid segments. These facts were thought to be responsible for the significant reduction in egg output observed 1 and 2 days after medication. Fresh eggs exposed to Ma-Klua extract in vitro and in vivo, or in vivo alone showed reduced infectivity. The effect of flubendazole on adults and larvae was minimal.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006925:Hymenolepiasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D006926:Hymenolepis / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007422:Intestines / Q000469:parasitology; D008463:Mebendazole / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D009068:Movement; D010063:Ovum / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D008463:Mebendazole; C018945:flubendazole