[Action of piroxicam on allergic inflammation].
Effects of piroxicam on allergic inflammation were investigated with allergic air pouch inflammation and antigen-induced arthritis in rats. In allergic air pouch inflammation, piroxicam exerted a dose-dependent inhibition (1-10 mg/kg, p.o.) of the exudate production, the migration of leukocytes and the release of lysosomal enzyme into the exudate; and its potency was superior to that of indomethacin and equivalent to that observed with prednisolone. In contrast with this, the suppressive effect of piroxicam on non-allergic air pouch inflammation was as weak as indomethacin. Prednisolone showed a similar effect on both types of air pouch inflammation. In antigen-induced arthritis, piroxicam showed a dose-dependent (0.3-3 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibitory effect on knee joint swelling and an improving action on the functional disorder of the inflamed joint. On this model, piroxicam was 3 to 4 times more active than both indomethacin and prednisolone. In non-allergic joint inflammation induced with croton oil in rats, however, the anti-inflammatory potency of piroxicam was almost equal to those of indomethacin and prednisolone. Piroxicam showed more potent inhibition than indomethacin on heterologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats, but showed only a slight inhibition on the increased vascular permeability caused by histamine and bradykinin. Piroxicam had no influence upon the plaque-forming cell response and the delayed hypersensitivity reaction in mice; furthermore, the hemolytic activity of complement in guinea-pig serum was scarcely affected by piroxicam in vitro. These results indicate that piroxicam possesses prominent efficiency on allergic inflammation and may function on several activities of inflammatory cells.
D000400:Air Sacs; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects; D001168:Arthritis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010323:Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010894:Piroxicam; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013843:Thiazines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D013843:Thiazines; D010894:Piroxicam