title: Reversal of progesterone-induced biliary cholesterol output by dietary cholesterol and ethynylestradiol.
abstract: The significant increment of biliary cholesterol output induced by the subcutaneous injection of 40 mg/kg body wt. of progesterone to male rats was reversed either by feeding a 1% cholesterol diet or by injecting three daily doses of 2 mg/kg ethynylestradiol. These last two experimental manipulations significantly decreased biliary cholesterol saturation from 44 +/- 4% (progesterone) to 30 +/- 3% (progesterone +1% cholesterol diet) and 23 +/- 0.5% (progesterone + ethynylestradiol) under circumstances of minor changes in the rates of biliary bile salt and phospholipids outputs. The rate of the microsomal acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase and the concentration of microsomal cholesterol esters significantly increased more than 100% in both cholesterol-fed and estradiol-injected rats. The rate of biliary cholesterol output was reciprocally correlated with both microsomal cholesterol ester concentration of livers (r = -0.47, P less than 0.01) and the activity of the hepatic acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (r = -0.58, P less than 0.005) in a series of rats injected with progesterone, with progesterone +1% cholesterol diet and with progesterone + estradiol. No correlation was found between the rate of biliary cholesterol output and the concentration of microsomal free cholesterol. These experiments demonstrate the existence of a close and reciprocal relationship between the rate of biliary cholesterol output and the rate at which the liver esterifies cholesterol.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001659:Biliary Tract / Q000378:metabolism*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D011374:Progesterone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D011374:Progesterone; D002784:Cholesterol; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase