title: Intraoperative fiberoptic endoscopy.
abstract: Conventional endoscopy is an indispensable tool in the diagnosis and management of many patients with gastrointestinal disease. Intraoperative use of the fiberoptic endoscope permits direct visualization of the mucosal surface, eliminating the need for enterotomy in many cases. Over a 4.5-year period, 32 patients underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy during laparotomy for a wide variety of surgical problems. In 15 cases, obscure or unknown sites of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding were localized. Replacement of percutaneously placed biliary drainage tubes was facilitated in four cases. In three patients artifactual lesions suggested by gastrointestinal (GI) contrast studies were excluded with intraoperative endoscopy at the time of exploratory laparotomy, and in four cases, retained foreign bodies were recovered easily without the need for enterotomy. In six additional patients intraoperative endoscopy was used to localize nonpalpable colon polyps or to determine the extent of mucosal ulceration. The average time for an intraoperative fiberoptic endoscopic examination was 20 minutes. No complications resulted from this technique. In summary, intraoperative fiberoptic endoscopy is of definite value in assessing selected patients with difficult GI surgical problems encountered during laparotomy. This technique enhances the surgeon's ability to identify and treat inaccessible and occult GI lesions.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003113:Colonoscopy; D004384:Duodenoscopy; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D005773:Gastroscopy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged