title: Effects of pancuronium and hexamethonium on paraoxon-induced twitch potentiation and antidromic firing in rat phrenic nerve diaphragm preparations.
abstract: The actions of pancuronium, a selective antagonist of acetylcholine (ACh) at nicotinic cholinoceptors at motor endplates, and hexamethonium, a selective antagonist of ACh at nicotinic cholinoceptors in autonomic ganglia, have been studied in rat phrenic nerve diaphragm preparations. The effects on paraoxon-induced twitch potentiation and antidromic firing (ADF) in the phrenic nerve, were compared with the effects on normal twitch tension and intracellularly recorded miniature endplate potentials (m.e.p.ps) and endplate potentials (e.p.ps.) In preparations exposed to paraoxon, pancuronium was found to be approximately 10 times more effective in reducing the potentiated component of the twitch than the component which corresponded to the pre-paraoxon twitch. A similar result was obtained with hexamethonium. Pancuronium and hexamethonium, in concentrations which reduced paraoxon-induced twitch potentiation but had no effect on the twitch tension of preparations not treated with paraoxon, reduced paraoxon-induced ADF. The lowest concentrations of pancuronium and hexamethonium required for this also reduced the amplitude of m.e.p.ps and e.p.ps. Dithiothreitol, a disulphide bond reducing agent which reduces the affinity of ACh for nicotinic cholinoceptors, enhanced the potency of pancuronium 2 to 3 fold. The same also applied for hexamethonium. It is concluded that the experiments failed to provide evidence for an action of ACh on prejunctional nicotinic cholinoceptors of the ganglionic-type being involved in the initiation by paraoxon of twitch potentiation and ADF. Furthermore, the results obtained can be explained by pancuronium and hexamethonium reducing the action of ACh at the postjunctional membrane.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006584:Hexamethonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D009045:Motor Endplate / Q000187:drug effects; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010197:Pancuronium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010261:Paraoxon / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D006584:Hexamethonium Compounds; D010197:Pancuronium; D010261:Paraoxon