title: The ultrastructure of the sinu-atrial node of the bat.
abstract: The sinu-atrial node (SAN) of the bat, Pipistrellus subflavus, is capable of generating a wide range of spontaneous activity varying from 20 bpm when hibernating to bursts of 800 bpm during active flight. Electrophysiological studies have shown an absence of arrhythmias even below 4 degrees C body temperature. In order to determine whether these physiological capabilities are based upon unique ultrastructural features of the bat SAN, the present study was conducted. We found that the structure of the SAN of the bat is typically mammalian. Diameters of all three cell types in the SAN (nodal, transitional, and atrial) are smaller than those observed in any other mammalian species. A morphometric analysis of cell junctions reveals that nodal-nodal and transitional-transitional cell contacts are primarily undifferentiated with few nexuses. Atrial-atrial cell contacts have a dominance of fasciae adherentes-type junctions with a small area left undifferentiated. Nexuses are much more prevalent in atrial-atrial cell contacts.
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D002685:Chiroptera / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D006605:Hibernation; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D012849:Sinoatrial Node / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*