title: Absence of embryotoxic effects from low-level (nonthermal) exposure of rats to 100 MHz radiofrequency radiation.
abstract: Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to radio-frequency radiation at a frequency of 100 MHz and a power density of 25 mW/cm2 for 6 h 40 min daily on gestation days 6--11. The total exposure time was 40 h. The exposure resulted in a specific absorption rate of 0.4 W/kg. This value corresponds to the maximum permissible level for specific absorption rate in the 1982 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard for radiofrequency/microwave exposure. The exposure produced no increase in maternal colonic temperature. Irradiated rats did not differ from sham-irradiated rats with respect to the number of implantations per litter, percentage of implantations dead or resorbed, percentage of fetuses malformed. fetal weight, fetal crown-rump length, or fetal sex ratio. The irradiated fetuses had fewer minor skeletal variations than the controls. These results suggest that radiofrequency/microwave radiation is not teratogenic or embryotoxic for rats at the maximum permissible exposure level of the 1982 ANSI standard.
mesh_terms: D000016:Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000528:radiation effects; D005260:Female; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D011247:Pregnancy; D011846:Radio Waves / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051381:Rats