title: Scanning electron microscopy of vocal cord hyperplasia, keratosis, papillomatosis, dysplasia and carcinoma.
abstract: The vocal cord fine surface structure was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the observations related to the light-microscopical (LM) findings after embedding and cutting. The SEM micrographs were assessed using a rating system based on 7 parameters. The proportion of "normal" and "abnormal" SEM areas varied within the respective histologic groups. There was, however, a significant difference between the SEM ratings in the group with hyperplasia-keratosis, with or without mild dysplasia, compared to the groups with severe dysplasia-carcinoma in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. In the small number of cases with moderate dysplasia and juvenile laryngeal papilloma, the SEM ratings displayed pronounced disparity.
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004848:Epithelium / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007642:Keratosis / Q000473:pathology*; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008871:Microvilli / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010212:Papilloma / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure