title: Comparative analysis of the optical characteristics of binocular indirect ophthalmoscopes.
abstract: Recommendations for the design of binocular indirect ophthalmoscopes are made based on a comparative analysis of the optics of various indirects currently available. Significant differences were found to exist in the areas of brightness, stereopsis, small pupil capability, and PD ranges among the brands under study.
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D019721:Ophthalmoscopes; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy / Q000592:standards; D055095:Optics and Photonics / Q000295:instrumentation*