Characterization of biochemical changes occurring during storage of red cells. Comparative studies with CPD and CPDA-1 anticoagulant-preservative solutions.
Citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPDA-1), containing 0.25 mM adenine (final concentration) and 25 percent more glucose than citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD), has extended the allowable storage time for red cells to 35 days. Studies were conducted to understand better the characteristics of stored CPDA-1 red cells in relation to the properties of stored CPD red cells. Units with hematocrits near 80 percent showed the following: First, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and total adenine nucleotide levels of red cells stored with CPDA-1 remained essentially constant during the first 3 weeks of storage after which the levels decreased; with red cells stored with CPD, ATP, and adenine nucleotide, levels were decreased even after 1 week of storage. Second, the pattern of the fall in 2,3-diphosphoglycerate was similar in red cells stored with CPD and CPDA-1. Third, changes in plasma and red cell levels of sodium and potassium, and in plasma ammonia levels, were comparable in CPD and CPDA-1 units; changes in cation levels were most pronounced during the initial 2 weeks of storage. Fourth, hemolysis was much greater in units stored in CPDA-1 for 35 days than in units stored in CPD for 21 days. Fifth, residual glucose concentrations were adequate in units drawn in CPDA-1 and stored for 35 days. We conclude that the changes in the biochemical characteristics of units of red cells stored with CPD and CPDA-1 are similar in most instances with the notable exception of the better maintenance of adenosine triphosphate levels in red cells stored with CPDA-1.
D019794:2,3-Diphosphoglycerate; D000225:Adenine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000097:blood; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001793:Blood Preservation; D002951:Citrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004163:Diphosphoglyceric Acids / Q000097:blood; D004905:Erythrocyte Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010710:Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood
D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D000925:Anticoagulants; D001786:Blood Glucose; C034876:CPDA solutions; D002951:Citrates; D004163:Diphosphoglyceric Acids; D010710:Phosphates; D019794:2,3-Diphosphoglycerate; C007077:citrate phosphate dextrose; D012964:Sodium; D005947:Glucose; D000225:Adenine; D011188:Potassium