title: Simple adult rabbit model for Campylobacter jejuni enteritis.
abstract: We tested the usefulness of the Removable Intestinal Tie Adult Rabbit Diarrhea model to establish Campylobacter jejuni infection in rabbits. The procedure involved ligation of the cecum, placement of a slip knot at the terminal ileum, and injection of the test inoculum into the mid-small bowel. The ends of the slip knot were externalized, and the tie was released 4 h later. Fifty-five rabbits received C. jejuni, and 16 received uninoculated medium as controls. Daily rectal swabs were positive for 2 weeks in infected rabbits. The diarrheal attack rate was 64% in infected rabbits and 0% in controls. Diarrhea was characterized by loose, mucus-containing stools after an incubation period ranging from 24 h to 6 days. When blood was obtained daily for culture from 30 rabbits for 4 days post-challenge, bacteremia was present in 96.3% 24 h after challenge but diminished to 5 of 19 (26.3%) at 96 h. Death occurred in 53% of rabbits and was always preceded by diarrhea. No control animal died. Only 5 of 35 animals experiencing diarrhea recovered. An indirect whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine serum immunoglobulin G responses. Mean titers rose from 1:198 preoperatively to 1:9,087 on day 28. Necropsy on eight infected and two control animals showed inflammatory lesions with ulceration in 62.5% and goblet cell hyperplasia in 75% of infected rabbits. We conclude that the Removable Intestinal Tie Adult Rabbit Diarrhea procedure is a simple, effective method to establish C. jejuni infection which mimics human disease.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002168:Campylobacter fetus / Q000276:immunology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004751:Enteritis / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D008722:Methods; D011817:Rabbits; D018805:Sepsis / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial