title: The use of two-dimensional electrophoresis to detect mutations induced in mouse spermatogonia by ethylnitrosourea.
abstract: Two-dimensional electrophoresis should, in theory, be a suitable method for the measurement of induced mutation rates in the germ cells of mice. Not only can the polypeptide products of a large number of genes be resolved on a single gel but the detection of mutations which lead to proteins with altered electrophoretic properties (but not necessarily altered function) is possible. Our attempts to apply two-dimensional electrophoresis to the detection of mutation in vivo have involved three stages: (i) the rapid production of gels of high resolution and reproducibility; (ii) the identification of eight interstrain protein variants and demonstration of their simple genetic basis; and (iii) a pilot experiment using the powerful germ-cell mutagen ethylnitrosourea. It was found that although interstrain protein variants could be detected and shown to be inherited in a codominant manner, induced variants were rarely detected even on high quality gels. Only 2 variants were detected among 67 offspring of male mice treated with 150 mg/kg ethylnitrosourea. This represented a mutation rate of 0.88 X 10(-4) mutations per locus per gamete.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007526:Isoelectric Point; D008099:Liver / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009607:Nitrosourea Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D013093:Spermatogonia / Q000187:drug effects*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D009607:Nitrosourea Compounds; D011506:Proteins; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea