title: Lack of association between contraceptive usage and congenital malformations in offspring.
abstract: Previous reports have linked the use of oral contraceptives and spermicides to the occurrence of malformations in offspring. With information from 12,440 women interviewed during the delivery hospitalization, we found no relationship between contraceptive method and the occurrence of malformations. Whereas any unnecessary drug should be avoided during pregnancy, prior contraceptive method seems to be unrelated to the risk of congenital malformations.
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced; D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000453:epidemiology; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral