title: Effect of dietary sodium fluoride on growth and bone development in growing turkeys.
abstract: Large White male turkeys were fed rations containing 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 ppm added fluoride (F) from sodium fluoride in a corn-soybean assay diet containing tricalcium phosphate and 3 to 5 ppm F. The 800 ppm treatment was discontinued at 8 weeks because of low weight gains and a high incidence of leg disorders. Turkeys receiving defluorinated phosphate (32% calcium, 18% phosphorus) had significantly higher 4-week body weights than turkeys receiving tricalcium phosphate. Turkeys fed 0, 400, and 800 ppm F had significantly lower body weights at 8 weeks than turkeys fed 50 ppm F. A similar weight pattern was seen at 18 weeks, although the differences were not statistically significant. Based on growth response in this study, a requirement of 20 ppm F is proposed. Increasing levels of dietary F resulted in large increases in tibia F. Removal of high dietary F in certain groups at 8 weeks resulted in growth recovery and reduction in tibia F by 18 weeks. Elevated plasma alkaline phosphatase activity was observed with added dietary F of 400 and 800 ppm. At 4 weeks, tibiae from turkeys receiving high F had a trend (not statistically significant) toward lower percentage ash and a significantly lower breaking strength than controls. Compared to controls, tibiotarsi from turkeys on high F rations were significantly shorter, had thinner cortices, and had a narrower proliferative zone of proximal growth plates. A high incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia was observed, but it was not correlated with dietary treatment.
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D001846:Bone Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis; D006128:Growth / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013977:Tibia / Q000032:analysis; D014422:Turkeys / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010758:Phosphorus; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D005459:Fluorides; D002118:Calcium