title: Development of a contact lens for refracting aquatic animals.
abstract: Development of a new technique for refracting the eye of unwieldy and large aquatic organisms in air is presented. The technique employs a contact lens to simulate underwater conditions. Refraction is performed through a flat front surface with an ophthalmoscope or a streak retinoscope. Data from 11 carcharhinid sharks (four species) indicate that the smaller eyes of inshore species are defocused relative to the eyes of offshore species.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003261:Contact Lenses; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D012029:Refraction, Ocular; D012754:Sharks / Q000502:physiology*