title: Malignant thymoma with distant metastases: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: A patient, a 46-year-old female, with a malignant thymoma spreading to the extrathoracic region is described. She underwent a thoracotomy and received radiation therapy, but the myasthenic symptoms did not disappear. A metastatic thymoma of the right mandibula was removed 9 months after thoracotomy. Further examination revealed metastatic thymomas of the bone and liver. After the operation the patient received combination chemotherapy (vincristine, cyclophosphamide, 6-mercaptopurine, prednisone) and remained asymptomatic for 31 months. She was found to have a metastatic thymoma in the occipital lobe of the brain 3.5 years after thoracotomy, and died from infection of the lung. Distant metastases and chemotherapy in malignant thymoma are reviewed.
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D008339:Mandibular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D015122:Mercaptopurine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013945:Thymoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary*; D013953:Thymus Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014750:Vincristine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D015122:Mercaptopurine; D011241:Prednisone