title: Relative ability of N-methyl nalorphine and N-methyl levallorphan to prevent antinociception and intestinal transit inhibition in morphine treated rats.
abstract: Nalorphine, levallorphan and their quaternary analogs, N-(eq)allyl derivatives of the two diastereoisomers at the nitrogen atom (N-methyl nalorphine and N-methyl levallorphan) were tested for their peripheral selectivity. We compared their relative ability to prevent morphine-induced (5 mg/kg i.v.) antinociception (central antagonism) and constipation (peripheral antagonism) in the same rats. Nalorphine and levallorphan reduced morphine-induced antinociception to half maximal response at doses of 5.1 and 0.89 mg/kg s.c. and restored the intestinal transit to 50% of controls (AD50) respectively at doses of 0.25 and 0.12 mg/kg. N-methyl nalorphine up to 24 and N-methyl levallorphan up to 30 mg/kg given s.c. 10 min before morphine did not antagonize narcotic-induced antinociception, fully preventing constipation (AD50 0.65 and 0.32 mg/kg respectively), but when injected 50 min before morphine they partially lost their antagonist potency (AD50 2.3 and 2.6 mg/kg respectively) and peripheral selectivity. N-methyl nalorphine and N-methyl levallorphan thus seem more peripherally selective than their tertiary analogs and more potent than quaternary narcotic antagonists tested to date.
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia; D000818:Animals; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D007977:Levallorphan / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009269:Nalorphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D007977:Levallorphan; D009020:Morphine; D009269:Nalorphine