title: The negative side effects of reward.
abstract: The negative side effects of aversive control have been extensively discussed in clinical literature and textbooks. The symmetry between aversive and appetitive control in basic experimental research implies that parallel negative side effects of reward exist. These negative side effects are described and their implications for clinical practice and research are discussed.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001070:Appetitive Behavior; D001348:Aversive Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005793:Generalization, Psychological; D006801:Humans; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D011678:Punishment; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D012201:Reward