title: [Colorectal biopsy in inflammatory intestinal diseases].
abstract: Meticulous attention to the techniques of taking and processing both rectal and colonic biopsies is emphasised because this makes interpretation easier for the pathologist and more productive of useful information. The biopsy appearances of ulcerative colitis are described and distinguished from those seen in Crohn's disease and the various types of infective colitis. Comparison of sequential biopsies gives valuable information about the histology of the different phases of the disease in response to treatment. The criteria are described for distinguishing between active colitis, resolving colitis and ulcerative colitis in remission. Reference is also made to the development of epithelial dysplasia in patients with longstanding disease. The histological criteria for the diagnosis of Crohn's disease and the various types of infective colitis are summarised. Attention is drawn to the important condition known as "the solitary ulcer syndrome of the rectum" because this is a common condition not widely recognised by pathologists. Disorders of the mesenteric circulation can produce mucosal changes in the colon or rectum which mimick inflammatory bowel disease. The biopsy appearances are distinctive and can be distinguished from other causes of colitis. The increasing use of fibreoptic endoscopic biopsy is providing pathologists with a valuable opportunity to contribute to the differential diagnosis of colorectal disease.
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D003092:Colitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000473:pathology; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004404:Dysentery, Amebic / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D008641:Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion / Q000175:diagnosis; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014456:Ulcer / Q000473:pathology
vernacular_title: Kolorektale Biopsie bei entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen.