title: Alterations of mechanical characteristics of human skeletal muscle during strength training.
abstract: To investigate the influence of strength training on the mechanical characteristics of human skeletal muscle, 14 male subjects went through training of combined heavy concentric and eccentric contractions three times a week for 16 weeks. The strength training program consisted mainly of dynamic exercises for leg extensors with loads of 80 to 120% of one maximum repetition. The force-time curves produced during various vertical jumps were the basis for calculation of various mechanical parameters. In addition to a great increase (p less than 0.001) in maximal isometric force, heavy resistance strength training also caused significant (p less than 0.05-0.01) increases in heights and in various mechanical parameters in positive work phases of vertical and drop jumps. The increase in positive force during a fast dynamic contraction was correlated (p less than 0.01) with the reduced time to produce a certain submaximal force level in isometric condition. No changes in the elastic properties of the muscle were observed as judged from the difference between the counter-movement and squat jumps. When the training was followed by the 8-week detraining period a great decrease (p less than 0.001) in maximal force took place, but only minor changes (ns) were observed in fast force production.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004548:Elasticity; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D010806:Physical Education and Training / Q000379:methods; D013178:Sports Medicine