Vitamin A, D and E status in a Finnish population--a multivitamin study.
The serum concentrations of the three fat-soluble vitamins A, D and E, and the serum transport proteins for the first of these, were measured during the winter and summer in a healthy adult Finnish population. No statistically significant differences were found in the levels of vitamins A and E between the seasons. However, a marked seasonal variation was found in the levels of vitamin D metabolites, the serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D being higher in summer, and that of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D somewhat higher in winter, whereas the concentration of vitamin D-binding globulin remained constant throughout. The serum concentrations of vitamins A and E showed a marked interrelationship with a significant correlation (r = 0.512, P less than 0.001, n = 80). No outright deficiencies of the vitamins were found in this study, but the serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were rather low in winter. Supplementation with a moderate dose of vitamins A and E over a 2-month winter period did not affect the serum concentrations of these vitamins, whereas 250-500 i.u. of vitamin D daily markedly elevated the low 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations.
D000328:Adult; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D006887:Hydroxycholecalciferols / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D012177:Retinol-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012621:Seasons; D012737:Sex Factors; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014809:Vitamin D-Binding Protein; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006887:Hydroxycholecalciferols; D012177:Retinol-Binding Proteins; D014809:Vitamin D-Binding Protein; D014801:Vitamin A; D014807:Vitamin D; D014810:Vitamin E