title: Metabolic and hormonal responses of elite swimmers during a regular training session.
abstract: Metabolic and hormonal measures of eight elite swimmers were taken at rest and during a regular training session after a prolonged bout of swimming (4560 +/- 68 m) at moderate intensity (MI) and after medium duration-high intensity (HI) swimming exercise (1471 +/- 157 m). MI and HI swims were respectively associated with significant increases in free fatty acids (0.4 at rest to 0.8 and 0.67 microeq . ml-1) glycerol (0.1 to 0.26 and 0.25 mmol . l-1), growth hormone (14 to 65 and 51 ng . ml-1) and norepinephrine (0.5 to 3.9 and 4.1 ng . ml-1). HI contrary to MI swimming was also associated with a significant (p less than 0.01) increase in blood lactate (1.5 to 8.8 mmol . l-1) and epinephrine (0.13 to 0.71 ng . ml-1) concentrations. Glucose, insulin, glucagon, and cortisol concentrations were not changed during the training session. It is concluded that a regular training session in elite swimmers is associated with an increase in lipid utilization, and a modest change in some of the hormones directly involved in the regulation of blood glucose level.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D013178:Sports Medicine; D013550:Swimming
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D006728:Hormones; D007773:Lactates; D013006:Growth Hormone; D005990:Glycerol; D009638:Norepinephrine