title: Ruminal infusion of ammonium chloride in lactating cows to determine effect of pH on ammonia trapping.
abstract: Milking rations containing 16 (control), 13.2, and 10.4% protein were fed to four midlactation, rumen-fistulated Holstein cows. Ammonium chloride was infused ruminally for 5 consecutive days after morning feeding when cows were fed milking rations containing 13.2 and 10.4% protein. Amount infused was equivalent to the ammonia in 1 or 2% dietary urea. Rumen and blood samples were taken prior to and following morning feedings. Intake of milking ration was the same across treatments. Initial rumen pH was higher for ammonium chloride treatments. It then declined, as did the control, to the same, lowest pH at 1.5 to 3 h postfeeding. Rumen ammonia increased rapidly for cows receiving both ammonium chloride treatments to .5 h postfeeding and then declined rapidly. Blood urea nitrogen was highest for cows fed the control ration, peaked .5 h postfeeding for cows infused with the low ammonium chloride, then dropped and peaked again 6 h postfeeding. Blood ammonia was highest among treatments for control cows and differed by sampling time only for control cows with a peak .5 h postfeeding. Because lower rumen pH traps ammonia preventing rapid absorption into blood, interpretation of high rumen ammonia must consider effect of rumen pH.
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D000643:Ammonium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007774:Lactation; D008892:Milk / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000643:Ammonium Chloride; D000641:Ammonia