The nephrotoxic potential of styrene in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Pre-fasted (16 h) Sprague-Dawley male rats were treated i.p. with 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 g/kg of styrene in corn oil. Renal functions were assessed at 0-24, 24-48 and 48-72 h after the exposure. Urinary creatinine was decreased at 0.8 g/kg of styrene during 0-24 h after the treatment compared to control, whereas such a decrease was noticed in 1.2 g/kg styrene-treated rats when compared to control groups during 0-24 and 0-48 h after the dose. Urine pH and urinary contents of sodium, potassium and chloride were all decreased in a dose-dependent manner at 0.8 and 1.2 g/kg of styrene compared to both control animals during 0-24 h, whereas urinary proteins were not affected significantly. In another experiment, groups of pre-fasted (16 h) rats were treated i.p. with 0, 0.8 and 1.2 g/kg of styrene in corn oil and were then fasted for another 24 h to induce more stress prior to collection of blood and urine. Urinary pH and excretions of sodium and potassium were all decreased in styrene-treated rats 24 h after the dose. Urinary proteins were elevated and relative kidney weights were increased in 1.2 g/kg styrene-treated rats only compared to both control and 0.8 g/kg styrene-treated groups. A significant increase in serum creatinine and an increase close to significant in blood urea nitrogen were observed at 1.2 g/kg dose. These results suggest an impairment of renal functional parameters due to acute styrene exposure and further demonstrate a possible dose-dependent nephrotoxic potential of styrene in rats.
D000818:Animals; D002712:Chlorides / Q000652:urine; D003401:Creatine / Q000652:urine; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009318:Natriuresis / Q000187:drug effects; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D020058:Styrene; D013343:Styrenes / Q000633:toxicity*
D002712:Chlorides; D013343:Styrenes; D020058:Styrene; D003401:Creatine; D011188:Potassium