Citrinin mycotoxicosis in the rabbit.
In three trials, single or multiple doses of citrinin dissolved in 0.5 N-NaOH and adjusted to neutral pH with HCl were given to rabbits by either the oral or intraperitoneal route. The 72-hr LD50 was 50 mg/kg body weight by intraperitoneal administration and 134 mg/kg by the oral route. The primary clinical sign in rabbits receiving a single oral dose of 125-150 mg citrinin/kg was fluid diarrhoea commencing 8 hr after dosing. Pathological alterations were generally confined to the kidney and consisted of degeneration and necrosis of proximal convoluted tubules and straight segments. In rabbits given a single oral dose of citrinin (130 mg/kg) the earliest histopathological change, seen 8 hr after dosing, was cytoplasmic vacuolation of tubular epithelial cells. Rabbits given a single oral dose of 120 mg citrinin/kg had regeneration of renal tubular epithelium accompanied by slight tubular cell necrosis when examined 7 days after dosing. Rabbits given multiple sublethal doses of citrinin (33.5 or 77 mg/kg daily for 7 days) had renal alterations of mild tubular degeneration and necrosis, and tubular regeneration.
D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000506:poisoning*; D002953:Citrinin / Q000506:poisoning* / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D007683:Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000506:poisoning* / Q000633:toxicity; D011817:Rabbits; D013997:Time Factors
D001578:Benzopyrans; D009183:Mycotoxins; D002953:Citrinin