title: The microsurgical dissection of a stillborn fetal clubfoot.
abstract: A microsurgical dissection was performed on a clubfoot of a seven-month-old stillborn fetus with camptomelic dysplasia. The most important anatomic alteration was marked rotation of the calcaneus beneath the talus. The calcaneus was rotated around a vertical axis. Its anterior aspect was rotated medially, while its posterior aspect was rotated laterally. A series of photographs obtained during the dissection shows the degree of realignment achieved by each stage of the progressive or stepwise surgical dissection. Dissection simulating a posteromedial release and plantar release failed to realign the hindfoot. A complete subtalar release was necessary to reposition the bones of the hindfoot completely. In this specimen, metatarsal capsulotomies were required to realign the forefoot, and the osteotomies of the tibia and tibula were required to straighten the angular deformities characteristic of camptomelic dysplasia, as well as the significant external torsion of these bones.
mesh_terms: D003025:Clubfoot / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004210:Dissection / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005528:Foot / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007866:Leg / Q000473:pathology; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012399:Rotation