Iodothyronines: oxidative deiodination by hemoglobin and inhibition of lipid peroxidation.
Purified rat hemoglobin catalyzes the oxidative degradation of iodothyronines to form iodide and an iodine-containing intermediate that reacts with protein. Hemoglobin also catalyzes peroxidation of linoleic acid. These observations are consistent with the reported intrinsic peroxidase activity of hemoglobin and other heme-proteins. However, incubations containing both linoleic acid and an iodothyronine produced a surprising result: deiodination was stimulated rather than competitively inhibited. In contrast, linoleic-acid peroxidation was inhibited by iodothyronines. Thus, low levels of iodothyronines (2.6 X 10(-7) M) are effective inhibitors of linoleic-acid peroxidation. Thyroxine and reverse T3 were found to be more effective in this antioxidant activity than vitamin E, glutathione, ascorbic acid and DTT. Since linoleic-acid peroxidation proceeds by a propagating free-radical mechanism, we have concluded that iodothyronines can effectively terminate the free-radical chain reaction to become oxidatively deiodinated. Consistent with this antioxidant mechanism, reverse T3 is effective in preserving red cell membranes as measured by the inhibition of erythrocyte hemolysis.
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007455:Iodine / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D008041:Linoleic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013970:Thyronines / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
D000975:Antioxidants; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006454:Hemoglobins; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D013970:Thyronines; D007455:Iodine; D019787:Linoleic Acid