title: Increased sister-chromatid exchange in bone-marrow cells of mice exposed to whole cigarette smoke.
abstract: Using defined cigarette smoke exposure conditions, BC3F1/Cum mice were exposed nose-only to two different types of whole cigarette smoke on a daily basis for 1 week and up to 46 weeks. The number of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) per metaphase was determined in bone-marrow cells. Studies were scheduled so that all cytogenetic observations were made 2-3 days after the last smoke exposure. Exposure to either type of smoke on a daily basis for 1 week or up to 46 weeks resulted in a 2-fold increase in SCEs over sham-exposed control mice. In animals exposed either chronically or for 1 week to either type of smoke, the increase in SCEs persisted for at least 1 week after cessation of smoke exposure. This is the first demonstration of the induction of SCEs in laboratory animals that have been exposed to cigarette smoke in vivo.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects*; D003434:Crossing Over, Genetic; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange; D012906:Smoke; D013997:Time Factors; D014026:Nicotiana
chemical_list: D012906:Smoke