title: Further investigations on the cytological effects of some contraceptives.
abstract: Anovlar induces a mitodepressive effect, producing abnormal prophases and a considerable number of micronuclei, i.e. Anovlar can produce major cytological abnormalities. On the other hand, Lyndiol induces minor abnormalities leaving the process of mitosis to proceed almost normally. Microgynon 30 did not show any effect on any of the mitotic stages. Our conclusion may offer an explanation for the contradictory results found in the literature upon the cytological effect of oral contraceptives, although the major chemical constitution of all contraceptives used is the same, still there are minor differences in their chemical structure. These minor differences in chemical structure may be the deciding cause whether or not a contraceptive is harmful.
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000633:toxicity*; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / Q000633:toxicity; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000633:toxicity; D019304:Ethinyl Estradiol-Norgestrel Combination; D008234:Lynestrenol / Q000633:toxicity; D008656:Mestranol / Q000633:toxicity; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D009154:Mutation; D009640:Norethindrone / Q000633:toxicity; D009644:Norgestrel / Q000633:toxicity; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D010944:Plants / Q000187:drug effects*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009153:Mutagens; C020416:norethindrone acetate, ethinyl estradiol, ferrous fumarate drug combination; D009644:Norgestrel; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; C002746:Noracycline; D019304:Ethinyl Estradiol-Norgestrel Combination; D008656:Mestranol; D008234:Lynestrenol; D009640:Norethindrone