title: Mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema associated with childhood measles.
abstract: An analysis of the clinical records and chest radiographs of seventeen children with subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema (SCME) complicating childhood measles was made. The commonest sites of extra-alveolar air were the retrosternal space (16/17) and paraspinal (12/17). Other areas were within the inferior pulmonary ligament (7/17) and subpulmonary areas (6/17). All patients had pulmonary infiltrates. There was pneumothorax in 30% of cases. Eighty per cent of children showed subcutaneous emphysema in addition to mediastinal emphysema. There was a mortality of 12%. SCME completely resolved within 14 days in the remaining patients.
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004646:Emphysema / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000150:complications*; D008478:Mediastinal Emphysema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000209:etiology; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000209:etiology; D011859:Radiography; D013131:Spine; D013249:Sternum; D013352:Subcutaneous Emphysema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D013997:Time Factors