title: Sulfated N-(carboxymethyl)chitosans: novel blood anticoagulants.
abstract: N-(Carboxymethyl)chitosan was subjected to sulfation in a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid (oleum) and N,N-dimethylformamide, under anhydrous conditions. The resulting product contained 11% of sulfur and degree of substitution: N-acetyl, 42%; N-carboxymethyl, 58%; and sulfate, 100%. Sonication of the sulfated N-(carboxymethyl)chitosan gave two main fractions whose molecular weights were 39,000 and 80,000. In human blood, complexes of sulfated N-(carboxymethyl)chitosan and antithrombin inhibited both thrombin and factor Xa, and produced neither hemolysis nor alterations in erythrocytes and lymphocytes. Sulfated N-(carboxymethyl)chitosan is therefore proposed as a blood anticoagulant.
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D002686:Chitin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D005170:Factor X / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015951:Factor Xa; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D013917:Thrombin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D002686:Chitin; D005170:Factor X; D013917:Thrombin; D015951:Factor Xa