title: Abnormalities of the facial nerve and middle-ear.
abstract: Anatomical variations of the facial nerve are of great concern to the surgeon performing ear surgery. An anomalous course of the facial canal in its vertical or horizontal segment has been described by several authors. This case is believed to represent the first case report of absence of the oval window, an inferiorly placed facial nerve and an abnormal stapes.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000002:abnormalities*; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000002:abnormalities*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010046:Oval Window, Ear / Q000002:abnormalities; D013199:Stapes / Q000002:abnormalities