title: Protective efficacies of live attenuated and formaldehyde-inactivated Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus vaccines against aerosol challenge in hamsters.
abstract: Although two investigational vaccines are used to immunize humans against Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus, neither had previously been tested for protective efficacy against aerosol exposure. Live attenuated vaccine (TC-83) protected all hamsters challenged by either aerosol or subcutaneous routes with 4.7 to 5.2 log10 PFU of virulent Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. Formaldehyde-inactivated vaccine (C-84) failed to protect against aerosol challenge but did protect against subcutaneous challenge. Protection elicited by TC-83 vaccine did not depend solely on serum-neutralizing antibody. These studies suggest that TC-83 vaccine is preferable to C-84 vaccine for protecting laboratory workers at risk to aerosol exposure.
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D006224:Cricetinae; D004666:Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine / Q000276:immunology*; D004683:Encephalomyelitis, Equine / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004685:Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D005557:Formaldehyde