Early and late functions in a bipartite RNA virus: evidence for translational control by competition between viral mRNAs.
It has been shown previously that Drosophila cells infected with black beetle virus synthesize an early viral protein, protein A, a putative element of the viral RNA polymerase. Synthesis of protein A declines sharply by 6 h postinfection, whereas synthesis of viral coat protein alpha continues for at least 14 h. The early shutoff in protein A synthesis occurred despite the presence of equimolar proportions of the mRNAs for proteins A and alpha, RNAs 1 and 2, respectively. We have now been able to mimic this translational discrimination in a cell-free protein-synthesizing system prepared from infected or uninfected Drosophila cells, thus allowing further analysis of the mechanism by which translation of RNA 1 is selectively turned off. The results revealed no evidence for control by virus-encoded proteins or by virus-induced modification of mRNAs by the cell-free system. Rather, with increasing RNA concentration, viral RNA 1 was outcompeted by its genomic partner, RNA 2. This suggests that the early shutoff in intracellular synthesis of protein A is due to decreasing ability of RNA 1 to compete for a rate-controlling translational factor(s) as the concentration of viral RNAs accumulates within the infected cell.
D002474:Cell-Free System; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000235:genetics*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics
D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins