title: Techniques in percutaneous removal of renal calculi. Mechanical extraction and electrohydraulic lithotripsy.
abstract: The percutaneous removal of renal calculi has rapidly become established as an alternative to open renal surgery. The combination of mechanical extraction and power lithotripsy enables the uroradiologic team to successfully treat upward of 95% of patients with symptomatic urolithiasis involving the upper urinary tract.
mesh_terms: D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D011312:Pressure; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013396:Suction; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014513:Ureter; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride