title: Regional specialization of retinal glial cell membrane.
abstract: Neural activity generates increases in extracellular K+ concentration, [K+]0, which must be regulated in order to maintain normal brain function. Glial cells are thought to play an important part in this regulation through the process of K+ spatial buffering: K+-mediated current flow through glial cells redistributes extracellular K+ following localized [K+]0 increases. As is the case in other glia, the retinal Müller cell is permeable almost exclusively to K+ . Recent experiments have suggested that this K+ conductance may not be distributed uniformly over the cell surface. In the present study, two novel techniques have been used to assess the Müller cell K+ conductance distribution. The results demonstrate that 94% of all membrane conductance lies in the endfoot process of the cell. This strikingly asymmetric distribution has important consequences for theories concerning K+ buffering and should help to explain the generation of the electroretinogram.
mesh_terms: D000557:Ambystoma; D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000502:physiology*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D011188:Potassium