title: Nitrogen balance studies in patients with uremia during treatment with protein-reduced diet and supplementation with essential amino acids or keto acids.
abstract: Nitrogen balance was studied in 4 patients with uremia during treatment with a protein-reduced diet (20 g) supplemented with either essential amino acids and histidine or a mixture of keto analogues of five of the essential amino acids and essential amino acids. 3 patients completed the study. Nitrogen balance was negative on the diet only and was improved with both forms of supplementation. However, supplementation with the keto acids did not offer any advantage over the conventional essential amino acid supplementation. 1 patient developed serious hypercalcemia during treatment with the keto acid supplementation.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000601:Amino Acids, Essential / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007651:Keto Acids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D014511:Uremia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000601:Amino Acids, Essential; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D007651:Keto Acids; D009584:Nitrogen