Enhanced haemodynamic effects of propranolol in acute myocardial infarction.
To evaluate the possible influence of sympathetic activation on the haemodynamic response to intravenous beta-blockade, the dose-response characteristics of three boluses of propranolol were evaluated in 8 patients with uncomplicated infarction and compared in a similar number of patients with stable angina. Following a control period, when haemodynamic stability was confirmed, propranolol 2, 2 and 4 mg (cumulative dosage 2, 4 and 8 mg) was injected into the central circulation at 15 min intervals. Despite close matching in baseline control haemodynamic variables between the groups, in stable angina, propranolol resulted in dose-related depression of cardiac output without change in systemic blood pressure, whereas following myocardial infarction the drug induced significantly greater falls in cardiac output (P less than 0.05) and a dose-related decrease in systemic blood pressure. Despite the greater effects of propranolol on cardiac output following myocardial infarction, the left ventricular filling pressure was increased to a lesser extent compared with stable angina. The explanation for this observation may reside in a greater susceptibility of the left ventricular wall to increase its compliance, under conditions of high sympathetic stimulation, following beta-blockade. These data support experimental and biochemical evidence of sympathetic activation in myocardial infarction; the hyperadrenergic state conditions an augmented haemodynamic response to competitive antagonism of sympathetic stimulation at cardiac beta-adrenoceptors.
D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000188:drug therapy; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D011433:Propranolol