title: Synthesis of potent heptapeptide analogues of cholecystokinin.
abstract: Nine new analogues of acetyl-CCK-heptapeptide (Ac-Tyr(SO3H)2-Met3-Gly4-Trp5-Met6-Asp7-Phe8-NH2 ) were synthesized by solid-phase methodology. In a first series, the Asp7 residue was replaced by hydroxy amino acid sulfate esters. In another series, Gly4 was substituted by D-Ala, while Trp5 and Met6 were replaced by their D enantiomer. The introduction of the sulfate ester was performed with a new, mild, crystalline, and stable reagent, pyridinium acetyl sulfate. Each analogue that contained Tyr(SO3H)2 and a hydroxy amino acid sulfate ester [Ser(SO3H), Thr(SO3H), or Hyp(SO3H)] in position 7 proved to be more potent (1.9, 1.7, and 3.0 times, respectively) than CCK-8 in vitro (isolated gallbladder strips). While devoid of gastrin-like activity in vivo, these analogues had potent anticonvulsive activity. The analogues containing a D-amino acid residue were less potent than the parent compound in vitro. The D-Ala4 replacement, however, yielded a compound that was 40% as potent as CCK-8 in the in vitro test but showed prolonged duration of action on sphincter Oddi. While the 7-substituted Ac-CCK heptapeptides are among the most potent CCK analogues reported so far, the D-Ala4 replacement resulted, for the first time, in prolonged activity in vivo.
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004285:Dogs; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000187:drug effects; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D010852:Picrotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D002766:Cholecystokinin; D010852:Picrotoxin