title: Objective refraction: comparison of retinoscopy and automated techniques.
abstract: The Canon Autoref R-1 and Dioptron II automated objective refractors and static distance retinoscopy were performed in a clinical setting on 75 subjects. Each technique was performed by a different examiner and the findings were compared by statistical analysis. The results were comparable with all three techniques. These data are discussed in light of their clinical significance.
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D006801:Humans; D009907:Optometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D012029:Refraction, Ocular; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology