title: Black widow spider bite.
abstract: Latrodectus mactans has now invaded towns and cities. The spider's venom is a neurotoxin that causes little local reaction but produces pain and spasm in large skeletal muscle groups within 30 minutes to three hours after the bite. Severe envenomation may result in respiratory failure and coma. First aid is of no value. Muscle relaxants are useful in treatment, as is calcium gluconate. Antivenin is indicated for high-risk victims, such as those with hypertension and persons younger than 16 or older than 60 years of age.
mesh_terms: D000997:Antivenins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001740:Black Widow Spider; D002125:Calcium Gluconate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003975:Diazepam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology; D008721:Methocarbamol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000209:etiology; D001098:Spider Bites / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D013111:Spider Venoms; D013112:Spiders
chemical_list: D000997:Antivenins; D013111:Spider Venoms; D008721:Methocarbamol; D003975:Diazepam; D002125:Calcium Gluconate