Pharmacokinetics of the major metabolites of D-penicillamine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
The pharmacokinetic disposition of D-penicillamine and its major metabolites, penicillamine cysteine disulfide ( PSSC ) and penicillamine disulfide ( PSSP ) has been studied in eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Plasma concentrations of D-penicillamine, PSSP and PSSC displayed similar characteristics in terms of times to maximum concentrations and biphasic elimination from plasma. Initial t1/2 (alpha) phase ranged from 0.86 to 4.41 h for parent drug and 0.81 to 4.41 h for metabolites. Final t1/2 (beta phase) ranged from 3.4 to 9.45 h for D-penicillamine and 5.62 to 21.7 h for the metabolites. Total drug and metabolites detected in urine accounted for 12.0 to 48.7% of oral drug.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D001711:Biotransformation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003545:Cysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D010396:Penicillamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use
C036069:penicillamine disulfide; C030163:penicillamine cysteine disulfide; D010396:Penicillamine; D003545:Cysteine