title: Antiestrogen-cytotoxic chemotherapy and bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination in stage II breast cancer: seventy-two-month follow-up.
abstract: A prospective, randomized clinical trial of adjuvant treatment of 312 stage II breast cancer patients with use of chemotherapy, antiestrogen therapy, and immunotherapy is reported after 72 months of follow-up. The stratification of patients was based on nodal involvement and estrogen receptor (ER) assay of the primary tumors. Findings at 72 months indicate that antiestrogen therapy (tamoxifen, Nolvadex) added to chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), methotrexate, and fluorouracil (5-Fluorouracil) (CMF) resulted in significant delayed recurrence in ER-positive postmenopausal patients, ER-positive patients with four or more positive nodes, and ER-positive patients with tumors greater than 3 cm in diameter. The addition of nonspecific immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guerin had no effect on disease-free survival. ER and progesterone receptor measurements in patients with primary breast cancer provide valuable prognostic information on subsequent recurrence and overall survival and should be documented in future clinical trials.
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008408:Mastectomy; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000628:therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011897:Random Allocation; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000032:analysis; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D013629:Tamoxifen; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D005472:Fluorouracil; D008727:Methotrexate