title: A comparison of midazolam and diazepam for intravenous sedation in dentistry.
abstract: In a randomised cross-over trial, midazolam, a new water soluble benzodiazepine was compared with the conventional diazepam preparation (Valium) in 34 patients aged 16-45 years who were undergoing outpatient conservation dentistry. Midazolam hydrochloride (0.17 mg/kg) was virtually free of venous complications and showed advantages over diazepam (0.32 mg/kg) in providing a faster onset of action, higher incidence of amnesia and more rapid recovery. Midazolam produced a higher incidence of respiratory side effects hiccough (17.6% compared with 2.9%), brief apnoea following induction (11.8% compared with 5.8%), and airway obstruction during maintenance (8.8% compared with 0%). These may be related to the greater potency of midazolam as suggested by the smaller total dose required. Cardiovascular changes and operating conditions were similar.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000009:adverse effects; D003813:Dentistry; D003975:Diazepam / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam; D008875:Middle Aged; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D003975:Diazepam; D008874:Midazolam