title: Effects of pH on the interaction of substrates and malonyl-CoA with mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase I.
abstract: The kinetics of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I; EC 2.3.1.21) were examined in mitochondria from rat liver, heart and skeletal muscle as a function of pH over the range 6.8-7.6. In all three tissues raising the pH resulted in a fall in the Km for carnitine, no change in the Km for palmitoyl-CoA or Octanoyl-CoA, and a marked decrease in the inhibitory potency of malonyl-CoA. Studies with skeletal-muscle mitochondria established that increasing pH was accompanied by an increase in the Kd of the malonyl-CoA binding site for this ligand, coupled with a decrease in the Kd for fatty acyl-CoA species to compete for malonyl-CoA binding. Three principal conclusions are drawn. (1) The pH-induced shift in malonyl-CoA sensitivity of CPT I is not a phenomenon restricted to liver mitochondria. (2) At any given pH within the range tested, the ability of malonyl-CoA (and closely related compounds) to inhibit enzyme activity is governed by the efficiency of their binding to the malonyl-CoA site. (3) The competitive interaction between fatty acyl-CoA substrates and malonyl-CoA as regards CPT I activity is exerted at the malonyl-CoA binding site. Finally, the possibility is strengthened that the malonyl-CoA binding site is distinct from the active site of CPT I.
mesh_terms: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D008316:Malonyl Coenzyme A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology*; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000201:enzymology; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000201:enzymology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D008316:Malonyl Coenzyme A; D000217:Acyltransferases; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase