Evaluation of the genotoxicity of cresols using sister-chromatid exchange (SCE).
o-, m- and p-Cresols were evaluated in both an in vitro and in vivo SCE assay. Dose-dependent SCE increases were not observed in cultured human fibroblasts with any of the isomers at concentrations up to 8 mM. There was a small but significant increase in SCE frequency compared to control at 8 mM o-cresol. A significant decrease in cell-cycle progression as measured by average generation time (AGT), was seen for all isomers at a concentration of 8 mM. Furthermore, no increase in SCE frequencies was observed in bone marrow, alveolar macrophages, and regenerating liver cells of male DBA/2 mice treated with a single i.p. injection of either o-cresol (200 mg/kg), m-cresol (200 mg/kg), or p-cresol (75 mg/kg) 21.5 h prior to sacrifice.
D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003408:Cresols / Q000633:toxicity*; D003434:Crossing Over, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008115:Liver Regeneration; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*
D003408:Cresols; D009153:Mutagens; C032538:4-cresol; C042041:3-cresol; C034047:2-cresol