Viruses as environmental carcinogens: an agricultural perspective.
Under natural circumstances tumor viruses can be considered as risk factors which in themselves are neither necessary nor sufficient to produce cancer; they may do so, however, if provided with suitable genetic and environmental conditions. It follows that a reduction in amount of virus or other environmental cofactors may prevent the associated tumors. In this paper we will consider four major families of viruses associated with cancer in animals and man, and will highlight the exogenous cofactors and related preventive measures. We will mention those agricultural practices that have resulted in significant economic loss from virus induced cancer in farm and domestic animals and will summarize some of the occupational hazards from environmental agents other than tumor viruses.
D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006564:Herpesviridae / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000382:microbiology; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D009858:Oncogenic Viruses / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000472:pathogenicity; D027382:Polyomaviridae; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015047:Zoonoses