Reversible hypertension caused by calcium overloading in a patient with postoperative hypoparathyroidism.
A 37-year-old woman with postoperative hypoparathyroidism had hypertension, and elevated plasma renin activity (PRA) and subsequent hyperaldosteronism during a two-month hypercalcemic period caused by vitamin D and excessive calcium supplements. The hypertension with elevated PRA, however, was resistant to the angiotensin II (AII) analog [Sar1, Ile8] ALL. PRA further increased and plasma aldosterone decreased in response to the [Sar1, Ile8] ALL. When the patient became normocalcemic, normotensive and normoreninemic, calcium gluconate (5 mg calcium/kg/h) was infused for one hour. The calcium infusion reproduced hypercalcemic hypertension mediated by an increase in total peripheral resistance. These observations suggest that the hypertension observed while taking vitamin D and excessive calcium supplements may be caused by a direct effect of calcium on peripheral blood vessels and the renin-angiotensin system may play a negligible role.
D000328:Adult; D002118:Calcium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007011:Hypoparathyroidism / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000009:adverse effects
D014807:Vitamin D; D012083:Renin; D002118:Calcium