Olfactory dysfunction in man: anatomical and behavioral aspects.
We reviewed studies examining the olfaction of patients with brain damage for the purpose of discerning correlations between disordered structure and function. Patient samples included those with neurological disorders and neurosurgical interventions and recording of spontaneous or elicited neuronal activity. Brain areas involved in olfaction include the olfactory bulbs, the orbitofrontal and medial temporal cortices, the thalamus, and the amygdala. Despite recent advances in olfactory anatomy, understanding of how these structures are related to olfactory detection, discrimination, and recognition continues to be limited. Inadequate localization of brain lesions and lack of comprehensive behavioral assessment have thus far prevented a detailed account of the organization of olfaction in the human brain.
D000425:Alcohol Amnestic Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology; D000679:Amygdala / Q000601:surgery; D001037:Aphasia / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000601:surgery; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000503:physiopathology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009812:Odorants; D000857:Olfaction Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000502:physiology; D009833:Olfactory Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology*; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D013788:Thalamus / Q000502:physiology