Total suppression of ventricular arrhythmias by encainide. Pharmacokinetic and electrocardiographic characteristics.
We studied the antiarrhythmic effect of a range of oral doses of encainide in 11 patients with stable high-frequency ventricular arrhythmias. Total suppression of arrhythmia was documented in 10 patients at a wide range of doses and plasma concentrations, and the suppression was subsequently verified in a placebo-controlled crossover study. Drug elimination was rapid (the half-life was 1.9 to 3.8 hours), but the margin between efficacy and side effects was sufficiently wide for therapy every six to 12 hours to be feasible in all 10 patients, with continuing outpatient treatment at six to 12 months. Marked prolongation of PR (mean, 44 per cent) and QRS (mean, 47 per cent) durations coincided with abolition of arrhythmia, but no evidence that these effects were detrimental was observed in radionuclide ventriculograms, exercise testing, or prolonged monitoring. A single patient whose arrhythmia and electrocardiogram were unchanged during therapy eliminated the drug much more slowly than the others and was the only patient in whom no O-demethyl form could be detected in plasma, suggesting that this metabolite may be active. In this study, encainide was a highly effective, well-tolerated antiarrhythmic agent.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000813:Anilides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004562:Electrocardiography; D016700:Encainide; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010880:Piperidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000188:drug therapy; D013997:Time Factors
D000813:Anilides; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D010880:Piperidines; D016700:Encainide