title: Velopharyngeal insufficiency in neurofibromatosis.
abstract: This report describes 7 patients with hypernasal speech associated with neurofibromatosis. Multi-view videofluoroscopic and nasopharyngoscopic examinations of the velopharyngeal sphincter showed a variety of velopharyngeal valving failures amongst the 7 patients. Extensive evaluation failed to find the pathogenesis of velopharyngeal insufficiency in these patients.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D009456:Neurofibromatosis 1 / Q000150:complications*; D014681:Velopharyngeal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology*; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000209:etiology*