title: Toward a "bio-energy supplement" -- a prototype for functional orthomolecular supplementation.
abstract: A broad-spectrum approach to the nutritional optimization of bioenergetics is discussed as a specific example of the principle of functional orthomolecular supplementation. Experimental and clinical studies with "metavitamins" such as lipoic acid, carnitine, coenzyme Q, and creatine, and with mitochondrial antioxidants, indicate that many nutritional agents involved in bioenergetics are often functionally sub-saturated. Numerous therapeutic applications for a well-designed "bio-energy supplement" can be postulated.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002331:Carnitine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002952:Citric Acid Cycle; D003401:Creatine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004579:Electron Transport; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D006019:Glycolysis; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009974:Orthomolecular Therapy; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D009705:Nucleosides; D014451:Ubiquinone; D008063:Thioctic Acid; D003401:Creatine; D002331:Carnitine