title: [Individual reactions, summation phenomena and collective reactions].
abstract: If a chance accumulation or a strictly ordained society of people feels threatened in its economic, ideologio-religious or psychological existence, more frequently occurring individual reactions such as pathologically increased anxiety, fear and terror may become new symptoms; of particular community, the "summation phenomenon". This includes especially general unrest, a mood of crisis and readiness to panic. In a mass of humanity all requisites for the development of a panic are present. This can develop acutely, as a weak abortive failure, but it may also be chronic. Measures to prevent or control panic may only be successful if they take into consideration the genesis and nature of individually varied panics.
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D003419:Crisis Intervention; D004189:Disaster Planning / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008399:Mass Behavior; D010200:Panic
vernacular_title: Individualreaktionen, Summations-phänomene und Kollektivreaktionen in Katastrophen.