[A Lance-Adams syndrome of a diver (author's transl)].
A 39 years old man with severe action myoclonus and epileptic seizure was reported. He had been in good health and worked as an occupational diver until August 16, 1966, when he had to dive into the sea bottom about 35 m deep without diving equipment. After finishing his work, he fell into unconsciousness and drowned. Sometime later, he was rescued and treated as decompression sickness. When he became alert, severe action myoclonus and epileptic seizure appeared. 8 years later, he was admitted to our hospital for rehabilitation. The danger of diving without equipment was indicated, because in sea bottom alveolar oxygen pressure (Pao2) is about 450 mmHg and alveolar air pressure 4.5 atmospheric pressure. In this condition patient could hold his breath longer time than in sea surface. When he finished his work and floated with muscle relaxing, however, his blood supply to the brain decreased. It was thought, therefore, that he fell into unconsciousness and drowned. In somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) by median nerve stimulation, giat patterns were recognized but there were differences between SEP of myoclonus epilepsy and that of this patient. P50 and N70-80 were giant in him, suggesting that he had a brain stem disturbance. Since the inhibition system of fast conducted fiber did not work well in this state, the component of slow conducted fiber was magnified. Action myoclonus may be due to the disturbance of inhibition system in the brain stem.
D000328:Adult; D003665:Decompression Sickness / Q000150:complications; D004242:Diving; D004831:Epilepsies, Myoclonic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008475:Median Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology; D013577:Syndrome