title: Interactions among ventilation, the circulation, and the uptake and distribution of halothane--use of a hybrid computer multiple model: II. Spontaneous vs. controlled ventilation, and the effects of CO2.
abstract: The authors have described a basic hybrid computer multiple model of the circulation, ventilation, and uptake and distribution of halothane in a companion paper. A multiple model consists of two or more submodels, each of which is complete in itself and could operate independently. In a multiple model, however, each submodel interacts with the others. The present paper describes the addition of a CO2-control loop (submodel), through which the partial pressure of CO2 modulates ventilation, as well a myocardial "contractility," arterial pressure, cardiac output, and regional vascular resistances. The concentration of halothane modifies these CO2-induced modulations. The CO2- and halothane-induced changes in ventilation and circulation in turn modify the uptake and distribution of halothane. Thus, a complex set of interrelationships among the submodels and compartments exists.
mesh_terms: D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D003201:Computers; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006221:Halothane / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D010313:Partial Pressure; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects*; D012121:Respiration, Artificial
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D006221:Halothane