Lymphokines: their role in lymphocyte responses. Properties of interleukin 1.
Interleukin 1, or IL 1, otherwise known as lymphocyte-activating factor, is a macrophage-derived 12,000- to 15,000-dalton polypeptide. Isoelectric focusing of human IL 1 reveals three peaks at pI's of 5.2, 6.0 and 6.9 respectively. IL 1 can be depleted of lymphocyte-derived IL 2 by SP-Sephadex chromatography. IL 1 augments the mitogenic response of PNA- Lyt 1+ thymocytes, and promotes thymocyte helper functions and B cell antibody production. IL 1 induces stable E rosette formation and the production of lymphokines such as T cell growth factor (IL 2) by peripheral T lymphocytes. Others have shown that IL 1 or closely related factors also stimulate hypothalamic cells to induce fever; induce in vitro fibroblast growth, prostaglandin, and collagenase production; and stimulate hepatocytes to produce acute phase proteins such as serum amyloid A. Murine epidermal cells also produce a 15,000-dalton factor that is mitogenic for thymocytes and may be similar to IL 1. We have recently hybridized spleen cells from mice sensitized with partially purified human IL 1 with a myeloma cell line. Clones have been isolated that produce supernatants that partially inhibit the thymocyte proliferative response to IL 1 but not the T cell growth factor activity of IL 2. Should these hybridoma products prove to be monoclonal anti-IL 1 antibodies, they will facilitate the further purification and characterization of IL 1.
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006825:Hybridomas / Q000276:immunology; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D011506:Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D012397:Rosette Formation; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008222:Lymphokines; D011506:Proteins