Effects of Ca+2 and Mg+2 deprivation of cell shape in cultured ovarian granulosa cells.
After 3 days in culture, rat ovarian granulosa cells assume a flattened epitheloid organization. Ca+2 and Mg+2 deprivation results in cellular rounding which is reversible and was monitored by phase-contrast time-lapse cinematography. Concomitant with the shape change is a dispersion of the structural proteins actin and alpha-actinin. The arrays of large actin-containing bundles (stress fibers) are converted to a diffuse network as observed by electron microscopy. Alpha-actinin, which was observed by immunocytochemistry to be in a periodic array along the actin bundles, is disrupted also and redistributed in the periphery of the cell upon rounding. Measurements made of the culture medium during the rounding process indicate that there is a loss of Ca+2 and Mg+2 from the cell interior. These data led us to speculate that Ca+2 and/or Mg+/ are necessary in order to maintain the integrity of stress fibers and/or restrict the movement of alpha-actinin anchoring sites within the membrane.
D000185:Actinin / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003470:Culture Media; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D051381:Rats
D003470:Culture Media; D000185:Actinin; D000001:Calcimycin; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D004492:Edetic Acid; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium