title: Episcleral and orbital pseudorheumatoid nodules.
abstract: Pseudorheumatoid nodules are subcutaneous necrobiotic granulomas that are histopathologically similar or identical to those seen with rheumatoid arthritis, granuloma annulare, necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Although these nodules are most common in children, they are also seen in adults and are usually located on the extremities and scalp. Eyelid and eyebrow involvement is seen infrequently. We histopathologically verified episcleral and orbital pseudorheumatoid nodules in an adult with eyelid and eyebrow nodules. Pseudorheumatoid nodules must be included in the differential diagnosis of subconjunctival mass lesions that may concomitantly involve the orbit, episclera, and periocular region.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005138:Eyebrows / Q000473:pathology; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006099:Granuloma / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D012590:Sclera / Q000473:pathology*