title: Co-carcinogenicity of sodium saccharin and N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide for the urinary bladder.
abstract: The co-carcinogenic activity of sodium saccharin and N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide (FANFT) was evaluated in male Fischer rats by co-administering them as 5% and 0.005% of the diet, respectively, for 2 years. The effect of simultaneous administration of two urinary bladder promoting substances, sodium saccharin and L-tryptophan as 5% and 2% of the diet, respectively, was also evaluated. Five of 16 rats administered sodium saccharin plus FANFT developed bladder tumors whereas none of the rats administered FANFT, sodium saccharin, or L-tryptophan alone, sodium saccharin plus L-tryptophan, or the control diet developed bladder tumors. Possible mechanisms for the co-carcinogenic activity of sodium saccharin and FANFT are discussed.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D004032:Diet; D005200:FANFT / Q000633:toxicity*; D006128:Growth / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced; D051381:Rats; D012439:Saccharin / Q000633:toxicity*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000494:pharmacology; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D013844:Thiazoles; D005200:FANFT; D014364:Tryptophan; D012439:Saccharin