title: Sucrose polyester: substitution for dietary fats in hypocaloric diets in the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia.
abstract: In five obese women heterozygous for familial hypercholesterolemia, we assessed the combination of weight loss and sucrose polyester (SPE) in lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC). After a 10-day basal hypocaloric (1426 cal/day), 270 mg cholesterol, P/S 1.2:1 diet, an average of 36 g of dietary fat/day was replaced by 36 g of an 80/20 SPE-hydrogenated palm oil mixture, providing 30 g SPE for 30 days; during the SPE substitution period mean dietary cholesterol and P/S were unchanged, mean caloric intake was 1104 cal/day. During the hypocaloric basal diet, mean weight fell 1.2 kg, p less than 0.02, total plasma cholesterol fell 8% from 358 +/- 46 to 330 +/- 47 mg/dl, p less than 0.01, LDLC fell 4% from 264 +/- 37 to 254 +/- 44 mg/dl, p greater than 0.1, and mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol fell 11%, from 52 +/- 4 to 46 +/- 4, p less than 0.05. Over the 30-day SPE substitution, mean cholesterol fell 20% from 330 +/- 47 at the end of the basal diet to 265 +/- 42 mg/dl, p less than 0.001; mean LDLC fell 23%, from 254 +/- 44 to 195 +/- 41 mg/dl (p less than 0.01); weight fell 4%, p less than 0.01, from 91 +/- 7 to 87 +/- 7 kg, and mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol fell 11% from 46 +/- 4 to 41 +/- 2, p less than 0.05. Hypocaloric removal of dietary fat by SPE, an artificial fat with culinary properties of conventional dietary fats, effectively reduces LDLC (by 23%) in familial hypercholesterolemia subjects, with additive effects of SPE and weight loss.
mesh_terms: D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006938:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy; D013395:Sucrose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014815:Vitamins / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D014815:Vitamins; D013395:Sucrose; C013692:sucrose polyester; D002784:Cholesterol