Availability of electrophysiological approach to the selection and assessment of antiarrhythmic drugs for recurrent ventricular tachycardia.
We performed serial electrophysiological-pharmacological studies on 21 patients with recurrent sustained or non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT). In 8 of 11 patients with recurrent sustained VT, VT could be induced repeatedly by programmed electrical stimulation and terminated by ventricular burst pacing. In 13 of the 21 patients, repetitive ventricular response (RVR) was successfully induced. In the 8 patients with induced VT, the efficacy of several antiarrhythmic drugs intravenously administered was assessed. Procainamide prevented the initiation of VT in 57%, disopyramide in 50% and mexiletine in 40%. However, lidocaine, propranolol and verapamil could not prevent VT in any of 5, 3 and 6 patients, respectively. Verapamil in combination with quinidine prevented the initiation of VT in one case. Each of disopyramide, propranolol and verapamil increased the VT zone in 2 patients. The drugs belonging to the same group classified by their electrophysiological properties were not interchangeable in 2 patients. Their ability to terminate induced VT did not always correlate with that to prevent its initiation in 2 patients. The effects of specific drugs were rather variable and unpredictable in each patients, and especially those of combination regimens using more than 2 antiarrhythmic drugs were more unpredictable. In all patients, the induced VT was morphologically identical to the spontaneously occurring VT and its rate was ranged within 13% of that of the spontaneously VT. In 10 of 13 patients with RVR, QRS configuration of RVR was not similar to the spontaneously occurring arrhythmia. The pharmacological suppression of RVR as an index for prevention against spontaneous VT remains controversial. This study concludes that the serial electrophysiological-pharmacological study provides a rapid prediction of effectiveness of a particular regimen and combination and a rapid identification of the deleterious effects of certain drugs in patients with recurrent sustained VT.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004206:Disopyramide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008801:Mexiletine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D011342:Procainamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012008:Recurrence; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014700:Verapamil / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D008801:Mexiletine; D008012:Lidocaine; D014700:Verapamil; D004206:Disopyramide; D011342:Procainamide