title: Comparison of acute toxic effects of intraperitoneally injected nitromethane and nitroethane in rats.
abstract: Male 3-month-old Wistar rats dosed i.p. with 200 mg/kg of nitromethane or -ethane showed increased acid proteinase activity in the brain 4 h after the injection. The change was accompanied by a marginal increase in the cerebral glutathione concentration. Nitroethane caused enhanced epoxide hydrolase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity in the hepatic microsomal fraction up to 48 h while 7-ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase decreased. These biochemical changes were accompanied by proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and degranulation and disorganization of the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the nitroethane-exposed liver cells. The hepatic effects of nitromethane were restricted to decreased cytochrome c reductase activity with proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The results point at limited peroxidative damage possibly involving reduction of the nitrogroup.
mesh_terms: D015660:7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase; D000473:Alkanes / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D004980:Ethane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008697:Methane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D009595:Nitroparaffins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D010105:Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000473:Alkanes; D009595:Nitroparaffins; C014705:nitroethane; D010105:Oxygenases; D015660:7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase; D005978:Glutathione; D004980:Ethane; D008697:Methane; C008640:nitromethane