title: Interrelationships between clinical medicine and clinical chemistry, illustrated by the example of the German-speaking countries inthe late 19th century.
abstract: The development of Clinical Chemistry in the German-speaking countries in the second half of the 19th century is characterized by a close relationship between Clinical Medicine and Clinical Chemistry. Clinical Chemistry lost its relatively independent basis and was performed by clinicians themselves. Using examples, it is shown that the new concept of "pathological physiology" led to the adoption of clinical chemistry as an area of clinical research. As a result of this development laboratories were established in hospitals, and clinical-chemical examinations were used in clinical practice more than before. Even medicine itself, e.g., nosography was influenced by this development.
mesh_terms: D001317:Austria; D002624:Chemistry, Clinical / Q000266:history*; D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000652:urine; D005858:Germany; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D007930:Leucine / Q000652:urine; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000652:urine; D014557:Urobilin / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D014557:Urobilin; D014443:Tyrosine; D007930:Leucine