title: The Lack and Bain systems in spontaneous respiration.
abstract: In conscious subjects breathing spontaneously the performance of the Lack semi-closed system resembled the Magill attachment in that rebreathing was only detected at fresh gas flows of less than resting minute volume. With the Bain semi-closed system rebreathing was detectable at fresh gas flows of the order of 2.5 times the minute volume. The two co-axial circuits behaved similarly for anaesthetised patients. In adults breathing spontaneously the Lack system is efficient and more economical than the Bain.
mesh_terms: D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000777:Anesthetics; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D006221:Halothane; D006801:Humans; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D012119:Respiration
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D006221:Halothane