title: Antidote effect of sodium fluoride against organophosphate poisoning in mice.
abstract: Pretreatment of mice with atropine (17.4 mg/kg) + NaF (5 or 15 mg/kg) had a significant antidotal effect over atropine alone against the lethality produced by soman and sarin. Atropine + NaF (15 mg/kg) was effective against tabun, whereas the lower dose of NaF was not. An effect of NaF on organophosphate inhibited acetylcholinesterase could not account for the antidotal action of NaF. NaF had no effect on liver somanase activity but inhibited aliesterase activity. Aliesterase activity in NaF pretreated soman-poisoned mice was significantly (p less than 0.05) higher than in those receiving atropine alone. In CBDP-pretreated mice NaF did not significantly attenuate the toxicity of soman. It is hypothesized that the antidotal effect of NaF versus organophosphate poisoning is due to its antidesensitizing action at nicotinic receptors in the neuromuscular junction and/or sympathetic ganglia in addition to the proposed increased hydrolysis of sarin and direct detoxification of tabun.
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001285:Atropine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D043182:Carboxylesterase; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005459:Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D062025:Organophosphate Poisoning; D010755:Organophosphates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D012524:Sarin / Q000506:poisoning; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012999:Soman / Q000506:poisoning
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D010755:Organophosphates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; C000516:2-(2-cresyl)-4H-1-3-2-benzodioxaphosphorin-2-oxide; D001285:Atropine; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D012999:Soman; D012524:Sarin; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; D043182:Carboxylesterase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D005459:Fluorides; C009374:tabun