title: Arrhythmogenic plasma levels of epinephrine during halothane, enflurane, and pentobarbital anesthesia in the dog.
abstract: Plasma levels of epinephrine which correspond to the arrhythmogenic doses were determined during halothane, enflurane, and pentobarbital anesthesia in the dog. The arrhythmogenic dose was established by a series of 3-min infusion of epinephrine at 10-min intervals. The mean values of the arrhythmogenic doses and the corresponding plasma levels of epinephrine were: 2.18 micrograms X kg-1 X min-1 and 38.7 ng/ml during halothane; 11.43 micrograms X kg-1 X min-1 and 206.3 ng/ml during enflurane; and 15.27 micrograms X kg-1 X min-1 and 296.5 ng/ml during pentobarbital anesthesia. The arrhythmogenic plasma levels of norepinephrine during halothane anesthesia was nearly the same as that of epinephrine.
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000818:Animals; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004285:Dogs; D004737:Enflurane; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood* / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity; D010424:Pentobarbital; D013874:Thiopental
chemical_list: D004737:Enflurane; D010424:Pentobarbital; D013874:Thiopental; D006221:Halothane; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine