Insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in an accident and emergency department: the tip of an iceberg?
In one year a prospective survey in a large accident and emergency department identified 204 admissions of adults with severe hypoglycaemia, 200 in insulin-treated patients. Ninety-six had one admission while 34 others were admitted on 104 occasions. Of the 130 patients, 111 attended diabetic clinics in Nottingham, forming 9% of a known clinic population of 1229 on insulin treatment. Since many other episodes of hypoglycaemia were presumably treated outside hospital, 9% a year is a minimum estimate of the incidence of severe hypoglycaemia in our area. The mean insulin dose was 1.2 units/kilogram/day for those admitted twice or more and 0.9 U/kg/day for those admitted once; these doses were significantly higher than those of an age-matched clinic population. A year after the latest admission with hypoglycaemia, the mean insulin dose in the group with two or more admissions had fallen to 0.8 U/kg/day, suggesting that over-treatment had been an important causal factor. A similarly high incidence has been reported in other studies, and we believe that it is due mainly to the inadequacy of conventional subcutaneous insulin treatment.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies
D007328:Insulin