title: Serum concentrations of cis(Z)-flupentixol and prolactin in chronic schizophrenic patients treated with flupentixol and cis(Z)-flupentixol decanoate.
abstract: Nine chronic schizophrenic patients selected from three hospital departments were treated with flupentixol (orally and IV) and cis(Z)-flupentixol decanoate in Viscoleo (IM) in a three-phase pharmacokinetic study. Oral administration (single and repeated dosage) showed a relatively slow absorption with maximum serum concentration around 4 h after administration. Intravenous injection indicated multicompartment kinetics for cis(Z)-flupentixol. The biological half-lives calculated after the different doses were the same, indicating that the pharmacokinetics of cis(Z)-flupentixol does not differ between single and repeated administration and does not change when moderately higher doses are given. The bioavailability of orally administered cis(Z)-flupentixol was calculated to be about 40% with IV injection as reference. After IM administration maximum serum concentration was seen between 4 and 10 days in most patients. Calculation of a disappearance half-life gave very variable results, indicating that the release of the drug from the oil depot is not a monoexponential process. The intramuscular depot had a much lower bioavailability than IV injection, which means that steady state has not been obtained after 8 weeks of depot treatment. Serum prolactin concentrations were elevated during neuroleptic treatment, but no correlation was found between prolactin concentrations and the serum concentrations of cis(Z)-flupentixol. A correlation between the changes in clinical ratings and concentrations of cis(Z)-flupentixol or prolactin was not found.
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005475:Flupenthixol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D013892:Thioxanthenes / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D013892:Thioxanthenes; C007761:flupenthixol decanoate; D011388:Prolactin; D005475:Flupenthixol