Urinary catecholamine metabolites and effects of clonidine in patients with alcohol amnestic disorder.
Seven normotensive patients with alcohol amnestic disorder were treated with 2 micrograms/kg clonidine (C) three times daily for 1 wk. Four patients received 12 micrograms/kg/day during the subsequent week; three developed hypotensive symptoms at this dose and remained on 6 micrograms/kg/day. During a predrug placebo period and after 60 hr on each dose of C, urinary excretion rates of catecholamine metabolites were determined. C, 6 micrograms/kg/day, reduced the ratio of norepinephrine (NE) metabolites (mumol/24 hr) to normetanephrine (NM), vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl glycol (MHPG). The excretion of metanephrine (M) was not reduced significantly. The ratio M/NM and M/(VMA + MHPG) increased, indicating Cs effects are primarily noradrenergic. Reduction in NM/(VMA + MHPG) indicates disproportionate lowering of the O-methylated metabolite of NE compared to its deaminated metabolites, consistent with C inhibition of NE release. Patients with the highest predrug NM excretion had the greatest decrements with C. The dopamine metabolites 3-methoxytyramine and homovanillic acid were not decreased by C. C-induced reductions in the ratio NM/(VMA + MHPG), an index of NE release, correlated (n = 7) with reductions in supine systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and salivary flow rate.
D000368:Aged; D000425:Alcohol Amnestic Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000652:urine*; D003000:Clonidine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D002395:Catecholamines; D003000:Clonidine