title: Penetration of eight beta-lactam antibiotics into the peritoneal fluid. A pharmacokinetic investigation.
abstract: Serial serum and peritoneal fluid samples were taken after intravenous injection of cefuroxime sodium, cefoxitin sodium, cefotaxime sodium, cefoperazone sodium, ceftazidime, moxalactam disodium, mezlocillin sodium, and piperacillin sodium. Time-concentration curves were obtained for both pharmacokinetic compartments. The geometric mean of peritoneal fluid concentrations from eight to ten patients was used to define the time-concentrations curve for each substance. Serum pharmacokinetic values were calculated using an open two-compartment model. The concentrations (Cps) were calculated from peritoneal fluid concentrations by quadratic interpolation. The time for which one fourth of the Cp (Cp1/4) is maintained within the peritoneal cavity varied according to the substance and can be used to estimate dosage intervals. The Cp1/4 was compared with the minimal inhibitory concentrations for 1,344 pathogens encountered in 415 intra-abdominal infections from 31 studies.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000601:surgery; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors; D047090:beta-Lactams
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D047090:beta-Lactams