title: Oxidation of uric acid. 4. Synthesis, structure, and diabetogenic action of 5-imino-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione salts and their alloxan-like covalent adducts.
abstract: Three synthetic routes to salts of 5-amino-5-hydroxy-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione (10) are described. The key reactions involved acid-catalyzed cleavage of 5-amino-5-ureido-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione (7), conversion of uramil (8) to dehydrouramil (9) and subsequent hydration, and the condensation of alloxan (5) with ammonium salts. The carbinol ammonium salt structure 10a was unambiguously established by X-ray crystallography. New alloxan-like compounds 7, 9, and 10 were evaluated for diabetogenic activity in rats. Compound 7 was inactive, whereas compounds 9 and 10 showed the highest activity comparable to that of streptozotocin (12).
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D003461:Crystallography; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011744:Pyrimidinones; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D051381:Rats; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D011743:Pyrimidines; D011744:Pyrimidinones; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D014527:Uric Acid; C038159:5-amino-5-hydroxy-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione