title: An aminopeptidase from mouse brain cytosol that cleaves N-terminal acidic amino acid residues.
abstract: An aminopeptidase with specificity directed toward peptides with acidic N-terminal amino acid residues has been isolated from mouse brain cytosol. Purification by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration resulted in an enzyme that hydrolyzed aspartyl-phenylalanine methyl ester at a rate of 13.2 mumols/min/mg protein at pH 7.5, an increase in specific activity of 1000-fold over that of brain homogenate. Its apparent molecular weight, determined by gel filtration, is approximately 450,000. Dipeptides with N-terminal aspartyl residues are cleaved preferentially to glutamic-containing analogs, and a neutral amino acid (or histidine) is necessary in the adjacent position. For peptides of the form aspartyl-X, relative activity was 100, 81, 71, 66, 19, or 0, where X was alanine, serine, leucine, phenylalanine, histidine, or proline, respectively. Tripeptides were more rapidly hydrolyzed than dipeptides; however, activity tended to decline with increasing chain length. The acidic aminopeptidase can account for almost all of the activity of brain cytosol toward the N-terminal aspartyl residue of angiotensin II, aspartyl-phenylalanine methyl ester or aspartyl-alanine, and the N-terminal glutamyl residue of adrenocorticotropin(5-10). The enzyme was unaffected by bestatin or amastatin. It was inhibited by o-phenanthroline and EDTA. The latter effect could be reversed completely by Zn2+ and partially by Mn2+ or Mg2+; Co2+ and Fe2+ had no effect; Ca2+ was inhibitory. These properties distinguish the brain acidic aminopeptidase from aminopeptidase A isolated from human serum or pig kidney and the aspartyl aminopeptidase of dog kidney.
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids; D000626:Aminopeptidases / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology*; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D004151:Dipeptides; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D004151:Dipeptides; D000626:Aminopeptidases