title: [Neuro-otologic findings in the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome].
abstract: The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is induced by thiamine deficiency. It occurs mainly in subjects with chronic alcoholism. It begins with an acute phase (Wernicke's encephalopathy) and changes to a chronic phase, which is characterized by a symptomatology varying from subclinical findings to a fully developed Korsakoff psychosis. We examined otoneurologically eight patients with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. The examination included: clinical status, caloric stimulation, optokinetic nystagmus, pure tone audiogram (air- and bone conduction), speech audiogram, and brain-stem auditory evoked potentials. The typical findings of the chronic phase are: gaze nystagmus and reduced gain of the optokinetic nystagmus. In five of seven patients OK gain was reduced by more than two standard-deviations. The other examinations including brain-stem potentials did not reveal any specific findings. The symptomatology of the acute phase is well known: nystagmus (mostly lateral gaze nystagmus) and reduced by caloric responses. Early diagnosis of a Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is of great importance since its treatment is simple and efficient. The results of a thorough neuro-otologic examination are of considerable diagnostic value, particularly during the chronic phase of the disease.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000425:Alcohol Amnestic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001299:Audiometry; D004584:Electronystagmography; D005260:Female; D006313:Hearing Loss, Central / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009759:Nystagmus, Pathologic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012022:Reflex, Acoustic; D014724:Vestibular Function Tests; D014899:Wernicke Encephalopathy / Q000175:diagnosis*
vernacular_title: Neurootologische Befunde bei Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrom.