Chemotherapy of Amanita phalloides poisoning with intravenous silibinin.
1 A total of 18 cases of Amanita phalloides intoxication was treated by combined chemotherapy during 1980 and 1981. After attempted primary elimination of the toxin all patients received silibinin as basic therapy mainly by infusion and in two instances orally. 2 In order to evaluate the effect of silibinin therapy a retrospective study of the followed-up case records was made. The cases were arbitrarily classified into three groups according to the severity of liver damage (light, medium and severe). 3 There was found a close relationship between the severity of liver injury and the delay between mushroom ingestion and the onset of silibinin therapy. With the exception of one fatality in a particularly high dosage suicidal intoxication, all patients survived. 4 Administration of silibrinin even up to 48 h after mushroom ingestion appears to be an effective measure to prevent severe liver damage in Amanita phalloides poisoning. Contrarily, the onset of general supportive treatment together with penicillin therapy which was throughout several hours before silibinin administration did not correlate with the severity of liver damage.
D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000545:Amanita; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001317:Austria; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009145:Mushroom Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D012838:Silymarin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors
D005419:Flavonoids; D012838:Silymarin; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase