title: Frequency and amplitude perturbation in the voices of female speakers.
abstract: Vocal jitter and shimmer during the sustained phonation of /a/, /i/, and /u/ were investigated for twenty adult female speakers using an automatic analysis program. The results showed overall average shimmer of 0.25 dB and overall average jitter of 0.84%. The critical value for shimmer was 0.48 dB. Significant differences between males and females were found.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010699:Phonation; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D014831:Voice