title: In vivo rat bladder: a new model to screen spasmolytic compounds.
abstract: A model for in vivo screening of spasmolytic compounds of the rat urinary bladder has been developed. It is physiological, specific, and adaptable. A filling volume of the bladder of 0.6-1 ml proved to be optimal. Agonists such as acetylcholine, KCl and BaCl2 exerted almost identical spasmogenic effects on both the in vivo and the in vitro model (isolated rat bladder strip). Moreover, the antagonistic effects of atropine, N-butylscopolammonium bromide, or flavoxate hydrochloride were directly comparable between the two models. Intravenously administered atropine was shown to be effective immediately; after intragastric application the maximum effect can not be observed until after 9 min. The in vivo rat bladder model presented is proposed to be a suitable method for advanced screening of spasmolytic compounds to include their absorption, biotransformation, and excretion.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001464:Barium / Q000494:pharmacology; D017609:Barium Compounds; D002712:Chlorides; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects*; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D017609:Barium Compounds; D002712:Chlorides; D010276:Parasympatholytics; C024986:barium chloride; D001464:Barium; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D001285:Atropine; D014700:Verapamil; D000109:Acetylcholine