title: Beef liver glutamate dehydrogenase: a study of the oxidation of various alternative amino acid substrates retaining the correct spacing of the two carboxylate groups.
abstract: 1. Several glutamate analogues substituted at the beta- or gamma-carbon atoms have been tested as substrates for glutamate dehydrogenase. 2. The two gamma-methyl derivatives and DL-beta-methylglutamate give the same pH optimum (8.7) as L-glutamate, but show inhibition by ADP and activation by GTP as pH 8, unlike glutamate and like the monocarboxylic substrate L-norvaline, which gives a pH optimum of 10. 3. L-gamma-methyleneglutamate, the poorest substrate tested (0.28% of rate with glutamate) gives a high pH optimum (10), like norvaline, but shows marked activation by both ADP (13-fold) and GTP (27-fold). 4. Despite the correct dicarboxylate spacing, all the analogues were much poorer substrates than L-norvaline.
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D009243:NAD; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D009243:NAD; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase