Effects of variation in the dietary supply of cysteine and methionine on liver concentration of glutathione and "active sulfate" (PAPS) and serum levels of sulfate, cystine, methionine and taurine: relation to the metabolism of acetaminophen.
Amounts of the sulfur-containing amino acids methionine and cysteine in synthetic diets were decreased from 22.8 mmol methionine (= 100 Met) and 26.4 mmol cysteine (= 100 Cys) per kilogram diet in the control group to (Met/Cys) 100:0, 75:0, 50:0, 25:0 and 25:25, respectively, in experimental diet groups, in order to evaluate effects of limiting sulfur supply on the availability of cosubstrates for conjugation. Below a Met level of 22.8 mmol/kg growth rates decreased. Urinary excretion of inorganic sulfate decreased to 10-20% of control values in all groups. Feeding diets 100:0 and 75:0 for 14 days resulted in a decrease of the concentration of inorganic sulfate in serum; on diets 25:25 and 25:0 an increase was found. A decreased content of methionine/cysteine resulted in an increase in cystine, a decrease in taurine and no change in methionine concentration in serum. In all experimental groups the glutathione concentration in the liver diminished to about 20% of control values, and the hepatic concentration of "active sulfate" (PAPS: adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate) decreased in most rats. At the lowest methionine supply, sulfate conjugation of acetaminophen decreased to 50% of control. The formation of the acetaminophen glutathione conjugate remained unaffected, in spite of a decreased hepatic glutathione availability.
D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D003545:Cysteine / Q000502:physiology*; D003553:Cystine / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006128:Growth; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008715:Methionine / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D010724:Phosphoadenosine Phosphosulfate / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013431:Sulfates / Q000097:blood; D013654:Taurine / Q000097:blood
D013431:Sulfates; D013654:Taurine; D000082:Acetaminophen; D010724:Phosphoadenosine Phosphosulfate; D003553:Cystine; D008715:Methionine; D005978:Glutathione; D003545:Cysteine