Specificity of hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibition by calcium carbimide (calcium cyanamide) in the rat.
Acute, oral administration of 7.0 mg/kg calcium carbimide (calcium cyanamide) to rats, 2 h before sacrifice, produced complete inhibition of hepatic, low-Km (less than 1 microM acetaldehyde) mitochondrial and cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes and significantly inhibited high-Km (approximately 1 mM acetaldehyde) mitochondrial, cytosolic, and microsomal aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes. Calcium carbimide had no effect on several other hepatic enzyme activities including mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase and monoamine oxidase, cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase, microsomal NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase activities, and microsomal cytochrome P-450 content. It is concluded that calcium carbimide is a more specific inhibitor of hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes than disulfiram.
D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D003484:Cyanamide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003486:Cyanides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004221:Disulfiram / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
D003486:Cyanides; D003484:Cyanamide; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D004221:Disulfiram