title: Are the vascular effects of naloxone attributable to the preservatives methyl- and propylparaben?
abstract: In vitro, the Nalonee preparation of naloxone caused a concentration-dependent relaxation of human pial cortical arteries contracted by potassium, noradrenaline, serotonin, prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), and haemorrhagic cerebrospinal fluid, or inhibited contractions elicited by these agents. However, the preservatives in the Nalonee preparation, methyl- and propylparaben, had similar effects. Pure naloxone alone had no effect on potassium or PGF2 alpha-induced contractions. It is suggested that the relaxant effects on vascular smooth muscle of Nalonee can be attributed to the alkylparabens rather than to naloxone. The pronounced relaxations induced by the alkylparabens had a rapid onset, and they were stable and could easily be cleared after rinsing.
mesh_terms: D001158:Arteries / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010226:Parabens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010592:Pharmaceutic Aids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010841:Pia Mater / Q000098:blood supply*; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D010226:Parabens; D010592:Pharmaceutic Aids; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D012701:Serotonin; D009270:Naloxone; C015358:methylparaben; D009638:Norepinephrine; C006068:propylparaben