Temporal lobe epilepsy and hemianopsia in childhood of perinatal origin. An overlooked and potentially treatable disease? Report of two cases, one with a demonstrable etiology.
Two children with a history of traumatic delivery developed severe temporal lobe epilepsy starting at age 4 and 10 respectively. The main neurological finding was total homonymous hemianopsia. The CAT Scan showed a large localised hypodensity in the occipital region on one side consistent with an old infarction in that region. A similar clinical syndrome was described in 1974 by Remillard as temporal lobe epilepsy and perinatal occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA). In one of our cases, the clinical course suggested that vascular occlusion in the PCA territory resulted from temporal lobe herniation related to a subdural hematoma at birth. It is proposed that this mechanism may apply to some instances of that condition. This clinical syndrome is now increasingly diagnosed as a large number of epileptics are now submitted to CAT. The diagnosis can be delayed until a seizure disorder develops because of the frequent absence of obvious neuromotor signs or visual complaints in the first years of life. Early recognition of this particular type of neonatal cerebral injury could possibly lead to prevention or early treatment.
D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D006408:Hematoma, Subdural / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006423:Hemianopsia / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography