title: [The contraction curve of the isolated intestine produced by medium-high doses of drugs. The depressive effects of sodium].
abstract: The contraction-curve of guinea-pig ileum, in response to carbamylcholine has been analysed. The curve is characterized by three phases: a rapid contraction, the clonus (C), immediately followed by a partial relaxation; thereafter the curve goes up again and finally, there is a tonic phase (T) characterized by a low and steady contraction (fade). The effects due to different experimental conditions have been investigated: increasing doses of carbamylcholine, ageing of the specimen, atropine application on the tonic phase; moreover the most notable experimental condition was Na reduction in the medium. This decrement, produces a decrease of C and an increases of T. On the basis of the results it has been concluded that: a) Na+ which enters the cell under muscarinic stimulation mobilizes Ca++ from deposits and causes contractile effects; thereafter, Na++ also moves Ca++ from actomyosine and produces a relaxing effect; b) spare receptors complete the action of the drug; when these receptors are activated by high doses of the muscarinic agent, they increase the amount of Na+ which enters the cell to negatively modulate the contraction.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002217:Carbachol / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D012964:Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001285:Atropine; D002217:Carbachol; D012964:Sodium; D002118:Calcium
vernacular_title: La curva di contrazione dell'intestino isolato prodotta da dosi medio-alte di farmaci. Effetti depressori del sodio.