title: The activity of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase in spermatozoa from different regions of the epididymis in laboratory rodents treated with alpha-chlorohydrin or 6-chloro-deoxyglucose.
abstract: The activity of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (mUnits/10(6) spermatozoa: mean +/- s.e.m., N = 12) in spermatozoa from the rat epididymis declined from 22.0 +/- 1.4 in the caput to 14.1 +/- 1.3 in the corpus region but there was no further decrease in the cauda region. In hamsters (N = 4), GAPDH activity in spermatozoa declined from 24.8 +/- 2.2 in the caput to 15.2 +/- 1.2 in the distal cauda epididymidis with the greatest decrease between the corpus and proximal cauda regions. In guinea-pigs (N = 4) GAPDH activity in spermatozoa increased from 11.4 +/- 0.79 in the caput to 18.0 +/- 0.7 in the corpus and cauda regions of the epididymis. The activity of GAPDH in spermatozoa therefore changes during maturation in a species dependent manner. GAPDH in spermatozoa from the distal cauda epididymidis of rats given alpha-chlorohydrin (4, 8 or 25 mg/kg/day by mouth) or 6-chloro-6-deoxyglucose (24 or 96 mg/kg/day by mouth) for 10 days was inhibited by greater than 80% but was only inhibited by 25-45% in spermatozoa from the caput epididymidis. The enzyme was inhibited to an intermediate and dose-dependent extent in spermatozoa from the corpus region. A similar pattern of inhibition was seen in spermatozoa from hamsters given alpha-chlorohydrin (50 or 100 mg/kg/day) for 10 days. alpha-Chlorohydrin (66 mg/kg/day s.c.) for 10 days inhibited GAPDH in spermatozoa from the caput or corpus epididymidis of the guinea-pig by less than 20% but decreased GAPDH activity by almost 90% in the cauda region. In rats the greater effect of alpha-chlorohydrin on spermatozoa from the cauda region of the epididymis occurred even after short periods of treatment or when the passage of spermatozoa through the duct was interrupted by a ligature around the corpus region, indicating that the effect is not simply a reflection of the length of time the spermatozoa have spent in the epididymis. It is concluded that either spermatozoa undergo a maturational change which increases their sensitivity to alpha-chlorohydrin or that alpha-chlorohydrin (or an active metabolite) is concentrated in the lumen of the cauda epididymidis.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002728:Chlorohydrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003837:Deoxy Sugars / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004822:Epididymis; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D051379:Mice; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D000517:alpha-Chlorohydrin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002728:Chlorohydrins; D003837:Deoxy Sugars; C021163:6-chloro-6-deoxyglucose; D000517:alpha-Chlorohydrin; D003847:Deoxyglucose; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases