[Studies on the physical dependence liability to guanabenz].
The physical dependence liability of guanabenz, a hypotensive agent with central noradrenergic alpha 2-agonistic activity, was investigated. 1) Guanabenz showed a potent analgesic effect nearly equipotent to morphine by the modified Haffner's method, and repeated p.o. treatment resulted in the development of tolerance to the effect. 2) In the combined treatment of guanabenz with morphine or hexobarbital, it potentiated morphine analgesia and prolonged hexobarbital hypnosis in a dose dependent manner. 3) The natural withdrawal signs appearing in morphine or barbital dependent mice was suppressed by guanabenz; however, the effect was accompanied by a marked loss of body weight and weakness of the animals, and especially the dose required for the suppression of barbital withdrawal signs was extremely high and was even lethal in some cases. A substitution test in barbital dependent mice showed that guanabenz could not substitute for barbital. In the primary dependence test after 30 days oral treatment with guanabenz, no appreciable withdrawal signs were observed after discontinuation of the administration. Thus, from the results obtained in the present experiments, it is revealed that guanabenz possesses no physical dependence liability of the morphine or barbital type.
D000700:Analgesics; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D001462:Barbital / Q000009:adverse effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006143:Guanabenz / Q000494:pharmacology; D006146:Guanidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D006591:Hexobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009020:Morphine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders
D000700:Analgesics; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D006146:Guanidines; D001462:Barbital; D009020:Morphine; D006591:Hexobarbital; D006143:Guanabenz