title: Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and intraventricular pneumocephalus due to intermittent shunt obstruction.
abstract: Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and intraventricular pneumocephalus occurred in an adolescent with aqueduct stenosis whose ventriculoperitoneal shunt occluded repeatedly due to a faulty on-off control. The possible mechanisms are discussed, the urgency of treatment is stressed, and the risk of pneumocephalus when a shunt is used to treat cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea is pointed out.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000150:complications; D002535:Cerebral Aqueduct; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles; D002559:Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea / Q000209:etiology*; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D004868:Equipment Failure; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011007:Pneumocephalus / Q000209:etiology*