[Significance of the sex differences of experimental animals for ethanol and acetaldehyde pharmacokinetics].
Studies of the pharmacokinetics of ethanol in the blood and exhaled air and of acetaldehyde in exhaled air in rats of different sexes have shown that in the group of normal animals, the level of endogenous ethanol and maximal blood concentration of ethanol administered in the test dose (2.2 g/kg) was higher in females than in males. The decrease of ethanol concentration in the blood and exhaled air proceeds more rapidly in males, the content of acetaldehyde in exhaled air being elevated in all the animals. In the groups of animals preferring ethanol to water, the importance of sex differences as regards the parameters under study reduces, with changes in ethanol pharmacokinetics being more distinctive in females. Unlike normal animals, the decrease of ethanol concentration in the blood and exhaled air in alcoholized rats also entails diminution of acetaldehyde content in exhaled air. After ethanol withdrawal its endogenous level considerably drops, reaching the same level in females and males.
D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000378:metabolism*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001944:Breath Tests; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013997:Time Factors
D000431:Ethanol; D000079:Acetaldehyde
Znachenie polovykh razlichiĭ éksperimental'nykh zhivotnykh dlia farmakokinetiki étanola i atsetal'degida.