title: Early maxillary orthopaedics as a supplement to conventional primary surgery in complete cleft lip and palate cases - long-term results.
abstract: 29 patients with complete uni- or bilateral cleft lip and palate were followed up the age of 15 to 20 years after having undergone early maxillary orthopaedics as a supplement to conventional primary surgery. Longitudinal changes in their facial pattern are demonstrated by means of Enlow's cephalometric analysis. The ultimate sagittal skeletal imbalance is more than 50% of the cases seems to be related to inadequate primary surgery (lip closure before 5 months of age, complete palatal closure before 2 years of age). Evidently, initial facial pattern and functional habits also play an important role. Functional disturbances due to scarring are discussed with a view to their influence on facial development.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008046:Lip / Q000502:physiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective; D010160:Palate, Soft / Q000502:physiology