title: Zinc deficiency, alcohol, and retinoid: association with esophageal cancer in rats.
abstract: Groups of Charles River Sprague-Dawley male rats were given intragastric intubations of methylbenzylnitrosamine after receiving one of the following diets for 4 weeks: control, zinc-deficient, or zinc-deficient diet plus 4% ethanol in the drinking water. One zinc-deficient group was zinc repleted after the dosing period; the other group, zinc-deficient plus 4% ethanol, received 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-cis-RA) after the dosing period. Zinc deficiency significantly enhanced esophageal tumor incidence; the addition of ethanol further enhanced tumor incidence. Zinc repletion reduced tumor incidence, whereas the addition of 13-cis-RA enhanced tumor incidence.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D003300:Copper / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015474:Isotretinoin; D008297:Male; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015032:Zinc / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency*
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D014212:Tretinoin; D003300:Copper; C014707:nitrosobenzylmethylamine; D015474:Isotretinoin; D015032:Zinc; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine