title: Enhancement by immunostimulants of the production by mouse spleen cells of factor(s) stimulating differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemic cells.
abstract: Mouse myeloid leukemic Ml cells can be induced to differentiate into macrophages and granulocytes in vitro by a factor(s) stimulating differentiation of the cells (D-factor) or by various chemical compounds. Spleen lymphocytes and spleen macrophages have been shown to produce D-factor when treated with various mitogens including lipopolysaccharide or synthetic double-stranded polyribonucleotide, poly(I) . poly(C). Several immunostimulants from microorganisms were tested for ability to induce differentiation of Ml cells and to stimulate production of D-factor by spleen cells. Mycobacterium bovis BCG (500 micrograms/ml) and the cell wall skeleton of Nocardia rubra (50 micrograms/ml) induced differentiation of Ml cells; but Corynebacterium parvum CN6134 and the cell wall skeleton of Propionibacterium acnes C7 had no effect on Ml cells. On the other hand, all immunostimulants tested at concentrations of more than 10 micrograms/ml were found to stimulate production of D-factor by both spleen lymphocytes and spleen macrophages. Synthetic derivatives of N-acetylmuramyl dipeptide(MDP), the minimal adjuvant-active subunit of the bacterial cell wall, had no direct effect on the differentiation of Ml cells and only slightly stimulated the production of D-factor by spleen cells. Therefore, the structure of microorganisms required for induction of differentiation of Ml cells and for stimulation of production of D-factor are suggested to be different from that of MDP.
mesh_terms: D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000276:immunology; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D007114:Immunization; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D007942:Leukemia, Experimental / Q000276:immunology; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000276:immunology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008222:Lymphokines; D051379:Mice; D009615:Nocardia / Q000276:immunology; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000276:immunology; D011425:Propionibacterium acnes / Q000276:immunology; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001500:BCG Vaccine; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; C507838:Lif protein, mouse; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008222:Lymphokines; D003208:Concanavalin A; D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine; D011070:Poly I-C