title: Priming and suppression of the intestinal immune response to cholera toxoid/toxin by parenteral toxoid in rats.
abstract: Parenteral immunization of rats with cholera toxoid had both priming and suppressive effects upon the antitoxin response in jejunal lamina propria to locally applied toxoid/toxin. Priming was detected when parenteral toxoid was given i.p. but not i.v. or s.c., was enhanced by Freund's adjuvant, and appeared to reflect enhanced encounter of i.p. antigen with IgA-committed lymphocytes in extra-intestinal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. In contrast, suppression followed parenteral toxoid given i.p., i.v., or s.c.; suppression was antigen specific and lasted at least 16 weeks. Parenteral toxoid suppressed both primary and secondary types of mucosal antitoxin responses, ultimately preventing the generation of antitoxin-containing immunoblasts from Peyer's patches. Since suppression followed parenteral immunization by routes that did not provoke mucosal priming, it was, at least in those instances, not simply a regulatory consequence of mucosal priming. These results support the notion that priming and suppression of a specific mucosal immune response are independent effects of parenteral immunization that are probably determined by the distribution of antigen to mucosa-associated and systemic lymphoid tissue, respectively.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000992:Antitoxins / Q000276:immunology; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000276:immunology*; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000494:pharmacology; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000276:immunology*; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D013897:Thoracic Duct / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D014121:Toxoids / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000992:Antitoxins; D014121:Toxoids; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D002772:Cholera Toxin