title: Mechanism of recovery from systemic herpes simplex virus infection. I. Comparative effectiveness of antibody and reconstitution of immune spleen cells on immunosuppressed mice.
abstract: The role of cellular immunity, humoral antibody, and interferon in recovery from primary systemic infection in mice due to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) was studied. Immunosuppression by three methods--each of which was sufficient to suppress humoral and cellular immunity--markedly potentiated primary systemic HSV-1 infection. Immunosuppressed mice did not form neutralizing antibody to HSV-1, but passive transfer of physiologic amounts of neutralizing antibody as late as day 6 after infection exerted a protective effect. Passive transfer of 10(8) immune spleen cells on day 3 after infection was only partially protective and did not thereafter reverse the effect of X-irradiation on HSV-1 infection. Furthermore, mice that received immune cells appeared to make sufficient antibody to explain the protective effect of the transferred cells. These results suggest that antibody to HSV-1 has a critical role in promoting recovery from primary infection in this model. The findings neither favor nor exclude a defensive role for immune cells in this experimental primary HSV-1 infection.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum / Q000494:pharmacology; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D008216:Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D003520:Cyclophosphamide