Purification and characterization of heat-stable enterotoxin produced by a strain of E. coli pathogenic for man.
Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin derived from a strain pathogenic for man has been purified 13,000-fold to apparent homogeneity. The purification scheme involved growth in a minimal medium. Amberlite XAD-2 chromatography, acetone fractionation, Sephadex G-25 filtration, DEAE-Sephacel ion exchange chromatography, and Sephadex G-25 gel filtration. This scheme resulted in a white flocculent material which was biologically active in 2.7-ng quantities. Heat-stable enterotoxin was homogeneous as determined by the following: (a) a single peak on gel filtration; (b) a single band on thin layer chromatography; (c) a single band on thin layer electrophoresis; (d) a single NH2-terminal amino acid residue, asparagine; and (e) an amino acid composition demonstrating a stoichiometric relationship among the amino acids. The molecule is composed of 10 different amino acids, a total of 18 amino acid residues, one-third of which are half-cystine. The molecule contains no detectable carbohydrate. Biological activity is promptly lost on treatment with the reducing reagents, 2-mercaptoethanol or dithiothreitol, or after performic acid oxidation, suggesting the presence of disulfide bridges which are required for biological activity.
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D004355:Drug Stability; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000032:analysis* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight
D000596:Amino Acids; D002241:Carbohydrates; D004768:Enterotoxins