Prospective study of immune response to hydralazine and development of antideoxyribonucleoprotein in patients receiving hydralazine.
To examine the relationship between the immune responses to hydralazine, a drug known to induce systemic lupus erythematosus, and to deoxyribonucleoprotein (DNP) we followed prospectively 21 hypertensive patients treated with hydralazine for the first time. Within one year, antibodies to hydralazine developed in 16 of these patients and anti-DNP in seven of these. In one patient whose serum had a positive antinuclear antibody test prior to treatment, a mild hydralazine systemic lupus erythematosus syndrome developed preceded by rises in the levels of both anti-hydralazine and anti-DNP. Studies by radioimmunoassay on serums of three additional patients, not followed in this study but known to have hydralazine-induced systemic lupus erythematosus, revealed no evidence for either (1) cross-reactivity between anti-DNP and anti-hydralazine or (2) antibodies specific for a hydralazine-DNP complex. In some way, perhaps related to the mechanism by which carrier molecules enhance the immunogenuity of haptens, hydralazine increases the antigenicity of DNP. This effect depends on the development of immunity to hydralazine as well.
D000906:Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000032:analysis*; D000917:Antibody Formation; D004247:DNA / Q000276:immunology; D003852:Deoxyribonucleoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D006830:Hydralazine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000139:chemically induced; D009698:Nucleoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D011446:Prospective Studies
D000906:Antibodies; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D003852:Deoxyribonucleoproteins; D009698:Nucleoproteins; C026904:deoxyribonucleoprotein antibodies; D006830:Hydralazine; D004247:DNA