title: [Influence of beta-lactamases on bacterial resistance (author's transl)].
abstract: Several factors influence the antibacterial activity of beta-lactam antibiotics. Protection against attack by beta-lactam antibiotics can be provided by several mechanisms, e.g. the production of inactivating enzymes such as beta-lactamases. Gram-positive bacteria produce a penicillin-hydrolysing enzyme exhibiting only minor molecular variants; among gram-negative bacteria, however, there is a number of enzymes with various substrate profiles. Plasmid-mediated, species independent enzymes deserve special attention. The production of a beta-lactamase cannot be regarded as the sole determinant in resistance against beta-lactam antibiotics; moreover, it is the interaction with other mechanisms that provides protection against the attack of beta-lactam compounds. Above all, the ability of the antibiotic to penetrate the "outer membrane" at a sufficient rate to reach its target before being inactivated by beta-lactamases is especially important.
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000201:enzymology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010405:Penicillinase / Q000378:metabolism; D010957:Plasmids; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000201:enzymology; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000201:enzymology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010405:Penicillinase; D001618:beta-Lactamases
vernacular_title: Einfluss der beta-Laktamasen auf das Resistenzverhalten.