[Smell and taste thresholds in older people].
The smell and taste ability of 105 persons at an age of 65 to 93 years was examined by adequate qualitative and semiquantitative chemical and electrogustometric methods. The basic levels of seniors were found above the levels of younger people. For the sense of smelling a significant connection of age and smell sensitivity could be measured. There was no difference between men and women using chemical test methods. With electrogustometry, however, women had a better taste sensitivity than men. At the age of 65 the taste levels are at a fix point. No higher levels could be realized in older persons. A significant reduction of smell ability was recognized in persons with reduction of cerebral blood flow and in smokers. The taste ability was disturbed in cases of diabetes, in persons using dental prostheses and selectively for "salty" in cases of hypertonia and "bitter" in smokers. Loss of taste was recognized in two women who used NaF-drugs, but also some other drugs were able to induce smell and taste alteration.
D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000503:physiopathology; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000503:physiopathology; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000294:innervation; D000857:Olfaction Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D012684:Sensory Thresholds; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology*; D012907:Smoking; D013649:Taste / Q000502:physiology*; D013650:Taste Buds / Q000503:physiopathology; D013651:Taste Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D013652:Taste Threshold / Q000502:physiology*; D014276:Trigeminal Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology
Geruchs- und Geschmacksschwellen älterer Menschen.