title: Combination therapy of hormone and cytotoxic agents in advanced breast cancer.
abstract: The effectiveness of combination therapy with diethylstilbestrol, cyclophosphamide, and 5-fluorouracil (DES + CTx + FU) was compared with DES alone or CTx + FU in 87 postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer. Therapy was randomized according to the tumor estrogen-receptor (ER) status. In 30 patients with ER-rich tumors and 35 patients with ER-unknown tumors, combination therapy yielded a higher response rate than DES therapy (87% vs. 64% and 59% vs. 23%, respectively). The pooled data from these two groups of patients suggest that the improved response rate from DES + CTx + FU against DES becomes more apparent in patients with visceral involvement (89% vs. 47%) (P less than 0.025) and that patients treated initially with combination therapy (DES + CTx + FU) appeared to have a longer survival than those treated with sequential therapy (DES leads to CTx + FU) (P = 0.06). The survival data in 22 patients with receptor-poor tumors were significantly inferior to those with receptor-rich tumors (P = 0.001). The ER status and presence of visceral metastases are significant factors in the selection of treatment programs.
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004054:Diethylstilbestrol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D004054:Diethylstilbestrol; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D005472:Fluorouracil