title: Cellular phenotypes of normal and leukemic hemopoietic cells determined by analysis with selected antibody combinations.
abstract: Individual leukemic cells and the corresponding rare normal cell types in nonleukemic bone marrow were analyzed with various combinations of antisera (labeled with different fluorochromes: TRITC and FITC). Double staining for membrane Ia-like molecules (TRITC) and nuclear terminal transferase (FITC) was a very useful combination that distinguished common non-T, non-B ALL (Ia+,TdT+) and thymic ALL (Ia-,TdT+) from the rare cases of B ALL (Ia+,TdT-) and from AML (frequently Ia+, TdT-; in some cases Ia-, TdT-). Additional antisera (such as anti-ALL, anti-HuTLA, anti-immunoglobulin reagents, etc.) confirmed the diagnosis and further characterized the leukemic blasts. Ia+,TdT+ cells could be observed in low numbers in normal and nonleukemic regenerating marrow and were probably normal precursor cells; this reagent combinations was, therefore, not useful for monitoring residual non-T, non-B ALL blasts in treated patients. Other marker combinations detecting pre-B ALL blasts (double staining for cytoplasmic IgM and nuclear TdT) and Thy-ALL blasts (HuTLA+,TdT+) were, however, virtually leukemia specific in the bone marrow and could be used to effectively monitor residual leukemic cells throughout the disease. These combined single-cell assays are not only economical and informative but are also important for assessing the heterogeneity of leukemia and for standardizing new mouse or rat monoclonal antibodies for diagnosis.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000235:genetics*; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007519:Isoantigens / Q000235:genetics*; D007945:Leukemia, Lymphoid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D010641:Phenotype; D011817:Rabbits; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D007519:Isoantigens