A survey on the formation and localization of secondary isozymes in mammalia.
A survey on the formation of secondary isozymes (= multiple molecular forms of enzymes) is given by means of well-documented enzyme systems. Further examples of a certain type of formation are summarized in tabular form. Eight different classes of enzyme variants deriving from translational processes are discussed. These are: aggregation, polymerization, oxidation and reduction of free SH groups, limited proteolysis, cleavage of carbohydrate residues, deamidation, noncovalent binding of coenzymes, and conformational isomerism. In addition, the intracellular distribution of secondary isozymes is discussed, as are the formation of artificial enzyme variants and the recognition of multiple enzyme forms caused by an exchange of neutral amino acids. About 200 original papers are cited. The reference list was completed in early 1979.
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D003067:Coenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007536:Isomerism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D011108:Polymers / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011487:Protein Conformation; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000201:enzymology; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution
D000596:Amino Acids; D003067:Coenzymes; D007527:Isoenzymes; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D011108:Polymers; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005966:Glucuronidase; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases