title: Anxiety and the competitive swimmer.
abstract: The literature on anxiety states is reviewed and their contribution to swimming performance is discussed. Unresolved practical questions concern the coach's ability to predict performance based upon knowledge of trait and state anxiety levels respectively, previously exhibited by the competitor, and upon the former's ability to manipulate these traits beneficially. Particular techniques for reducing anxiety states are discussed although these remain equivocal and without a true research base.
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety; D003163:Competitive Behavior; D006801:Humans; D010551:Personality; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology; D013550:Swimming; D013663:Teaching