title: The anatomy of the lower-third-molar roots and its relation to the mandibular canal.
abstract: The root anatomy of the lower third molars and the distance from apex to the mandibular canal were examined in radiographs. Three different materials were examined; one medieval with erupted teeth, one modern with erupted teeth and one modern with impacted third molars. Uncomplicated root anatomy was recorded for 75% of the teeth in the medieval material and for 20% in the modern materials. A position of the root apex near the mandibular canal was more frequently observed in the modern material.
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D049691:History, Medieval; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008963:Molar / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000032:analysis*; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000473:pathology