Reversal of vasectomy: the effects of sperm antibodies on subsequent fertility.
Antisperm antibodies were measured in serum and seminal plasma in 130 males before and after vasectomy reversal and the occurrence of pregnancy was analysed in the partners of 77 who were followed for more than one year. Sperm-agglutinating antibodies were found in the serum of 79% of patients; seminal plasma antibodies were present in only 9.5% before reversal and this rose to 26% afterwards. Pregnancies occurred in the partners of 53% of those men who were trying to produce children. A pregnancy was significantly less likely when the pre-operative serum antisperm antibody titre was 512 or more, but no decrease in fertility was seen with titres below this. Several pregnancies were produced by patients with seminal plasma antibodies, but numbers and follow-up are too small to permit detailed analysis. A randomised controlled trial of per-operative steroids showed that they produced no benefit. The antisperm antibodies associated with vasectomy reversal appear to differ fundamentally from those occurring in naturally subfertile males.
D000372:Agglutination Tests; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012661:Semen / Q000276:immunology; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000276:immunology*; D013243:Sterilization Reversal; D014659:Vasectomy
D001323:Autoantibodies; D011239:Prednisolone; D006854:Hydrocortisone