title: Diphenhydramine: kinetics and psychomotor effects in elderly women.
abstract: Kinetics and sedative and psychomotor effects of diphenhydramine were investigated in elderly Caucasian women (greater than 64 yr. old). In a double-blind trial, each of 12 healthy subjects received on one of three occasions 50 mg/70 kg IV or oral diphenhydramine HCl or oral placebo. Plasma levels of diphenhydramine were measured in six subjects and tests of sedation and psychomotor performance were performed hourly for 8 hr in all subjects. Kinetic analysis showed that the volume of distribution (295 +/- 50 [SEM] l/70 kg), clearance (42 +/- 5 l/70 kg/hr), and plasma t1/2 (4.9 +/- 0.7 hr) were of the same order as in young adults. As in young adults, there was minimal psychomotor impairment after oral and after intravenous diphenhydramine. In contrast to young adults, however, elderly women did not report significant sedation after diphenhydramine. These results suggest that diphenhydramine may not be an effective sedative/hypnotic in elderly women.
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004155:Diphenhydramine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D011596:Psychomotor Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D004155:Diphenhydramine