title: Timolol and metoprolol. A diurnal study of the ocular and systemic effects in glaucoma patients.
abstract: A comparison of the diurnal effects of timolol 0.5% and metoprolol 3.0% eye drops on the intraocular pressure, blood pressure and heart rate in 10 glaucoma patients was performed in a double-masked cross-over study. Both agents produced a significant ocular hypotensive effect for more than 12 h. Timolol appeared to be more potent after 4 and 7 h. No significant difference in hypotensive action was present between timolol and metoprolol 1, 12 and 24 h after treatment. The mean arterial pressure was significantly lowered after 1 and 4 h with timolol and after 1 h during metoprolol therapy. Both agents reduced the heart rate after 1 h. Measurements of plasma concentration of ocular applied timolol and metoprolol showed in 4 patients levels of plasma timolol high enough to induce minimal systemic beta-blockade.
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013999:Timolol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D011412:Propanolamines; D013999:Timolol; D008790:Metoprolol