title: Otolaryngic osteopathology in 14th century mid-america. The crow creek massacre.
abstract: Over 486 people were massacred and buried communally at the Crow Creek Village Site, South Dakota, about 1350 AD. Osseous pathology in the craniofacial area of the victims' skeletons is reviewed and compared to data from other indigenous skeletal populations past and present. The Crow Creek mastoid x-rays are analyzed and compared to four other studies which span over 1000 years of Dakota Territory history. Findings regarding external auditory canal exostoses in the different groups are compared. Unusual findings in the craniofacial area are assessed. Insight into longitudinal epidemiology in one portion of the U.S. is possible through this study.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000266:history; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000002:abnormalities; D005260:Female; D049691:History, Medieval; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000266:history; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008416:Mastoid / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000266:history; D010038:Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases / Q000266:history*; D010164:Paleopathology; D012886:Skull / Q000002:abnormalities; D013023:South Dakota