title: Esophageal hematoma. Four new cases, a review, and proposed etiology.
abstract: We report four cases of esophageal hematoma and emphasize that endoscopically and radiographically it may simulate a neoplasm. After a review of 26 cases, we found that patients with normal hemostasis often had esophageal hematoma occur distally after vomiting. Most of these hematomas probably originated from a Mallory-Weiss laceration. In contrast, patients with impaired hemostasis had esophageal hematoma occur proximally or at multiple sites. Many of these hematomas occurred spontaneously, without a history of vomiting, and probably resulted from impaired coagulation. Regardless of etiology most esophageal hematomas were associated with a benign course.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004935:Esophageal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D004947:Esophagus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006406:Hematoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008309:Mallory-Weiss Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D014839:Vomiting / Q000150:complications