title: The effects of equal caloric amounts of xylitol, sucrose and starch on insulin requirements and blood glucose levels in insulin-dependent diabetics.
abstract: Xylitol has been suggested as a potentially useful sweetener in the diabetic diet. In 14 insulin-dependent diabetics a standard diabetic diet regimen was compared with diets in which starch was isocalorically exchanged in the breakfast meal by either 30 g xylitol or 30 g sucrose. Insulin requirement and blood glucose were measured using a glucose-controlled insulin infusion system. The results following breakfast with xylitol were similar to those after starch breakfasts. Sucrose, in contrast, induced a greater post-prandial rise in blood glucose levels despite counter-regulation by the glucose-controlled insulin infusion system. Insulin requirement after sucrose significantly exceeded (p less than 0.01) that after xylitol or starch during the first 60 min and 2 h respectively. No short-term side effects of xylitol were found.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002149:Energy Intake; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013213:Starch / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014993:Xylitol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007328:Insulin; D013395:Sucrose; D013213:Starch; D014993:Xylitol