The gastro-entero-pancreatic hormone response to fasting in obesity.
A comparison of the metabolic and gastroentero-pancreatic hormonal responses of ten obese and eight lean subjects to 12 h and 36 h fasts has been made. Each subject was given a 50 g oral glucose tolerance test at the end of both 12 h and 36 h starvation. After the 12 h fast blood glucose and 3-hydroxybuty-rate were similar in each group but blood glycerol was 30% higher in the obese subjects. Plasma insulin and vaso-active intestinal polypeptide were also higher in the obese subjects after 12 h starvation. After 36 h starvation in the lean subjects blood glucose was unchanged but on refeeding with 50 g oral glucose, glucose tolerance was impaired. In the same group blood glycerol and 3-hydroxybutyrate rose after 36 h starvation. Plasma glucagon, secretin and vaso-active intestinal polypeptide rose after 36 h starvation in the lean subjects but plasma insulin was unchanged. Refeeding with oral glucose suppressed the increased plasma glucagon, secretin and vaso-active intestinal polypeptide. After the 36 h fast in the obese subjects, blood glucose was unchanged, blood glycerol fell, but blood 3-hydroxybutyrate rose although to a reduced level in comparison with the lean subjects. In the obese group there was no change in plasma glucagon, secretin or vaso-active intestinal polypeptide after 36 h starvation, although plasma insulin fell. The results show different metabolic and gastro-entero-pancreatic hormonal responses to fasting in lean and obese human subjects and suggest an important metabolic role of glucagon, secretin and vaso-active intestinal polypeptide during starvation.
D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008066:Lipolysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012633:Secretin / Q000097:blood*; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000097:blood*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D007328:Insulin; D012633:Secretin; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D005934:Glucagon; D005990:Glycerol; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid