title: Tobacco-alcohol amblyopia: a proposed biochemical basis for pathogenesis.
abstract: Tobacco-alcohol or nutritional amblyopia is a rare disorder of decreased central vision associated with nutritional deficiencies and tobacco smoking. although folate deficiency is common in patients with tobacco-alcohol amblyopia, the role of folic acid in this disorder has been underplayed. The role of cyanide from tobacco smoke, folate and other dietary deficiencies will be reviewed. A new model of the pathogenesis of tobacco-alcohol amblyopia is proposed based on the presumptive alteration of methionine and S-adenosyl-L-methionine metabolism.
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications*; D000550:Amblyopia / Q000209:etiology*; D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D003486:Cyanides / Q000378:metabolism; D003677:Deficiency Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D005494:Folic Acid Deficiency / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D012436:S-Adenosylmethionine / Q000378:metabolism; D012907:Smoking; D013832:Thiamine Deficiency / Q000150:complications; D014806:Vitamin B 12 Deficiency / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D003486:Cyanides; D012436:S-Adenosylmethionine