Minireview: the health implications of water treatment with ozone.
Ozone is a highly efficient disinfectant which may have significant advantages in water treatment compared to chlorine. It has, however, been shown that mutagenic and possibly carcinogenic byproducts may be produced under certain conditions of ozonation. Light chlorination following ozonization may meet the highest standards of disinfection. In addition the destruction of much of the organic matter by prior ozone treatment may well result in less harmful chlorinated and brominated products in the finished water. In many cases ozone treatment alone may suffice. It would be desirable to test with long term in vivo experiments which of the alternatives produces the best combination of microbiologically clean and pleasant water with minimum mutagenic and carcinogenic effect.
D000818:Animals; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D002713:Chlorine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods; D005609:Free Radicals; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects; D009153:Mutagens; D010126:Ozone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D011817:Rabbits; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D014881:Water Supply / Q000592:standards*
D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D005609:Free Radicals; D009153:Mutagens; D002713:Chlorine; D010126:Ozone