title: Densitometric control of retinal vascular reactions after mandibular nerve anesthesia.
abstract: In a group of 44 patients, fundus photographs were taken before and after mandibular nerve anesthesia and examined by densitometry. These patients were divided into subgroups receiving 4 cm3 of Xylocitin 2% alone or in combination with 0.005% norepinephrine, or 0.00125 or 0.002% epinephrine. In the presence of epinephrine, the retinal arterioles reacted with a temporary age-dependent narrowing. A placebo group received normal saline or had just the needle inserted. With one interesting exception, the reactions were minimal. The cause of this reaction is a multifactorial one. In the first period, vagovagal reflexes are important; in the later phase, processes comparable to autoregulation play the main role.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001160:Arterioles / Q000187:drug effects; D003720:Densitometry; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008340:Mandibular Nerve; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000009:adverse effects; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010919:Placebos; D012161:Retinal Artery / Q000187:drug effects; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D010919:Placebos; D008012:Lidocaine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine