title: Spectrum of bilateral ureteral ectopia.
abstract: Bilateral single ureteral ectopia is a rare occurrence. We have recently cared for 3 children (1 male, 2 females) with this congenital urinary tract anomaly. Their clinical courses and surgical treatment are presented. The embryology of ureteral ectopia is received with particular emphasis on distal ureteral and trigonal development. The surgical techniques employed to treat the associated hydroureteronephrosis, vesicoureteral reflux, and urinary incontinence are presented.
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D014513:Ureter / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000196:embryology / Q000601:surgery; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery; D014547:Urinary Diversion; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000601:surgery; D014567:Urography; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000601:surgery