title: Regulation of hemoglobin AIc formation in human erythrocytes in vitro. Effects of physiologic factors other than glucose.
abstract: The formation of hemoglobin AIc was studied in intact human erythrocytes in vitro. Satisfactory methods were developed for maintaining erythrocytes under physiologic conditions for greater than 8 d with less than 10% hemolysis. Hemoglobin AIc levels were determined chromatographically on erythrocyte hemolysates after removal of reversible components by incubation for 6 h at 37 degree C. Hemoglobin AIc concentration was found to increase linearly with time during 8 d of incubation. The rate of formation of hemoglobin AIc increased linearly as glucose concentration was increased from 40 to 1,000 mg/dl. Deoxyhemoglobin was glycosylated twice as rapidly as oxyhemoglobin. The rate of hemoglobin AIc formation was further increased by elevated 2,3-diphosphoglycerate levels, an effect that was most marked with deoxyhemoglobin. We conclude that the nonenzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin is influenced by factors other than glucose, including oxygen tension and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate levels.
mesh_terms: D019794:2,3-Diphosphoglycerate; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D004163:Diphosphoglyceric Acids / Q000097:blood; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D010100:Oxygen; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D010313:Partial Pressure; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019794:2,3-Diphosphoglycerate; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004163:Diphosphoglyceric Acids; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D010100:Oxygen; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins