title: Hypoplasia or absence of the depressor anguli oris muscle and congenital abnormalities, with special reference to the cardiofacial syndrome.
abstract: An asymmetrical crying facies due to hypoplasia or absence of the depressor anguli oris muscle (DAOM) was observed in 23 infants and children. The cases were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 12 patients who had associated cardiac abnormalities. In group 2 were 11 patients who either had other non-cardiac abnormalities (6) or no other abnormalities (5). The associated cardiac anomalies recorded in the literature are reviewed and 2 infants in this series are reported with abnormalities not previously described. The results of chromosomal analysis have generally been found to be normal, although a patient in our series was found to have trisomy E (18). The incidence of hypoplasia of the DAOM in newborn infants in a maternity hospital hospital is assessed and was found to be lower than reported in other studies. It is concluded that a detailed and careful examination for congenital abnormalities should be carried out on every child with an asymmetrical crying facies.
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D002902:Chromosomes, Human, 16-18; D004576:Electromyography; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000002:abnormalities*; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D014314:Trisomy