title: Therapeutic problems relating to azotaemic osteodystrophy.
abstract: Azotaemic osteodystrophy is a generic term encompassing the different bony lesions found in renal failure. The most important of these are parathyroid osteopathy and osteomalacia which may co-exist or occur singly. Both types of lesions have multifactorial aetiologies. Hyperparathyroidism is caused by hyperphosphataemia, hypocalcaemia and possibly, a lack of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. Osteomalacia is caused by vitamin D deficiency, a lack of dihydroxylated vitamin D metabolites and aluminium intoxication. Treatment modalities include phosphate binders, a tight control of calcium concentrations in the dialysis fluid, vitamin D and parathyroidectomy. Each of these is associated with certain hazards. In particular, vitamin D and parathyroidectomy may cause deterioration of residual renal function.
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D012080:Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000209:etiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D010018:Osteomalacia / Q000209:etiology; D014511:Uremia / Q000150:complications*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium