Hepatitis B prevalence and immunoprophylaxis with hepatitis B immunoglobulins in patients, relatives, and staff of a paediatric haemodialysis unit.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers have been studied for 22 months in 16 haemodialysed patients, 60 relatives and 17 staff members of a paediatric haemodialysis unit, and in 9 children with chronic renal failure on conservative therapy. None of the 8 children negative for HBV markers and treated with specific immunoglobulins (HBIG) developed signs of hepatitis B. No hepatitis B occurred in 4 staff members after accidental infected needle prick and immunoprophylaxis, although one of them developed passive-active immunity. The immunoprophylaxis effectively prevented diffusion of HBV also in the relatives. Furthermore, HBsAg and HBeAg were found in urine samples of haemodialysed children with residual diuresis.
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000276:immunology; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D006511:Hepatitis B Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D006435:Renal Dialysis
D006511:Hepatitis B Antigens; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D007136:Immunoglobulins