Differentiating traumatic from nontraumatic retinal detachment.
Five hundred and eighty-six phakic retinal detachments were studied to characterize the features of 111 cases with a history of trauma and to establish improved guidelines for medico-legal determinations. Twenty-eight percent of contusion detachments were myopic, nine times higher than expected. Myopes typically developed giant tears and nasal dialyses (p less than 0.001); emmetropes developed inferotemporal dialyses (p less than 0.005). Lattice degeneration did not increase post-traumatic detachments risk. Dialyses and giant tears caused 69% of traumatic detachments and 6% of nontraumatic detachments (p less than 0.001). Forty-seven percent of contusion detachments had no late objective evidence of trauma. Five percent of detachments with a history of trauma were not caused by trauma (false positives).
D000059:Accidents; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D005151:Facial Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000293:injuries*; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000150:complications; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000150:complications