Chlorflurenol-methyl in soil: degradation, leaching, and effects on microbiological processes.
Tests were conducted with the synthetic growth regulator chlorflurenol-methyl to investigate its rate of degradation in soil, leaching behavior, and possible side-effects on the soil microflora and on soil physiological processes. With two sandy soils (Ct = 1.0 and 2.58%) which were treated with 11.35 mg kg-1 chlorflurenol-methyl (congruent to 2.8 kg a.i. ha-1), over 90% of the compound disappeared within 4 to 8 days. The degradation products were 2-chloro-9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylic acid and 2-chlorofluorenone, which undergo further decomposition. In leaching tests with three sandy soils (Ct = 0.69, 1.0 and 2.58%), chlorflurenol-methyl was not washed from the soil; however, with one soil (0.69% C), very small residues were observed in the effluent identified as 2-chlorofluorenone. In side-effects experiments with a parabrown (Ct = 1.26%) and a chernozem soil (Ct = 2.3%), which were treated with 1 and 10 mg kg-1 chlorflurenolmethyl, no persistent inhibition of anaerobic or aerobic nitrogen fixation (C2H2-reduction) was detected. Ammonification, nitrification, and mineralization of soluble starch were also not influenced. The mineralization of cellulose in compost soil (Ct = 13.59%) was temporarily delayed; however, this delay was later compensated for by a higher mineralization rate. The colonization density of fungi on soil particles and the numbers of bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi were not negatively influenced. Chlorflurenol-methyl does not significantly influence these microbiological processes and populations in the soil.
D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000187:drug effects; D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000032:analysis*; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation / Q000187:drug effects; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000032:analysis*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D013997:Time Factors
D005449:Fluorenes; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D000641:Ammonia; C011571:chloroflurenol-methyl