Applications of ICRP 30, ICRP 23, and radioactive waste risk assessment techniques to chemical carcinogens.
Linear, no threshold dose-response relationships at low doses are now accepted by U.S. Government agencies for risk assessment of chemical carcinogens. By application of ICRP30 metabolic models, ICRP23 data on ingestion intake of elements, and radioactive waste risk assessment techniques, it is shown that this predicts large numbers of eventual fatalities because of the high probability for material in the ground to eventually be ingested by humans. For example, a detailed for material in the ground to eventually be ingested by humans. For example, a detailed calculation shows that the cadmium released in U.S. coal burning in one year will eventually cause 20,000 fatal cancers (1000/GWe-yr of electricity production), the imports of cadmium into the U.S. will eventually cause 130,000 fatalities for each year of importing at the current rate, and CdS photovoltaic cells will cause 400 fatalities/GWe-yr.
D002104:Cadmium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011850:Radioactive Waste; D012306:Risk; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects
D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D011850:Radioactive Waste; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium