Vesicoureteral reflux in boys with hypospadias.
Hypospadias in a congenital anomaly which in most cases has to be corrected surgically. We include micturition cystourethrography (MCU) in the preoperative workup of all these children as well as three months postoperatively. Meatal stenosis and müllerian duct remnants are known to occur in this condition, but vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was an unexpected finding in many boys who were asymptomatic and had no evidence of urinary tract infection. Fifty-eight of 305 hypospadiacs, examined by MCU, proved to have reflux, most of them grade II. In 37, VUR was found before surgery and in the remaining 21 after surgical correction, many of them with meatal stenosis. In 10 patients reflux appeared in the postoperative period where there had been none in the preoperative study; 8 of the 10 had a postoperative stricture of the distal urethra, and VUR subsided in 4 after adequate dilatation. We conclude that vesicoureteral reflux is not uncommonly found in patients with hypospadias, even in those who are completely asymptomatic. We believe this is an additional incentive to include an MCU in the pre- and postoperative evaluation of patients with this anomaly.
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011859:Radiography; D014554:Urination; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging