Visual attention and neuronal firing patterns in the feline pulvinar nucleus of thalamus.
In behaving cats, temporal patterns of neuronal firing were studied during slow wave sleep (SWS), motionless quiet wakefulness (QW) coupled with specific direction of the animal's attention, and during bar pressing performance (BP) for milk reward. The analysis was based on relative relations between sequential spike intervals. The strength of the method is based on the fact that the probabilities of occurrence of patterns are determined by the history of a spike train. During SWS, the neuronal firing modes closely followed the theoretical model of independent distribution of intervals, whereas during QW and BP specific for each neuron departures from the model, i.e., patterning was observed. Most importantly, in seven chronically studied neurons idiosyncratic patterns were related to direction of the animal's attention, and, very likely, to the visual forms the animals gazed at, because the patterns disappeared in the dark and during SWS without major changes in the mean firing rate. The replications of patterns upon recurrence of a particular direction of attention was proven statistically. The constancy and idiosyncrasy of these patterns were apparent even though the comparable episodes occurred several hours apart, and the animals slept and/or ate in between, and the distance, i.e., the retinal size of visual forms varied from one episode to another. On the basis of correlative evidence, it was argued that, compared to more abstract modes of information processing, the identification and quantification of patterns based on relative relations between intervals require the least amount of storage of intermediate results. Hence, these patterns are likely to represent a simple and phylogenetically old principle of communication between neurons. It was postulated that the idiosyncrasy and invariance of patterns may play a role in constancy of feature extraction and Gestalt perception.
D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D012201:Reward; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D013788:Thalamus / Q000502:physiology*; D014785:Vision, Ocular; D014796:Visual Perception; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology