In vitro skin evaporation and penetration characteristics of mosquito repellents.
An in vitro apparatus was used to study mosquito repellent evaporation and penetration characteristics with skin. The mosquito repellents 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, N,N-diethyl-p-toluamide, 1-(butylsulfonyl)hexahydro-1H-azepine, and N,N'-dicyclohexamethyleneurea were studied. In vitro repellent duration, calculated from repellent evaporation rates, was compared to in vivo duration at the same dose (0.3 mg/cm2) to assess the validity of the model. In vitro durations for 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, N,N-diethyl-p-toluamide, and N,N'-dicyclohexamethyleneurea correlated with in vivo durations (r2 = 0.94), although in vitro durations was longer than in vivo duration. 1-(Butylsulfonyl)hexahydro-1H-azepine, which had the longest in vivo duration, had an in vitro duration that exceeded the test period (12 hr). The 0-12-hr in vitro percutaneous penetration correlated with corresponding data available from in vivo studies.
D000330:Aedes; D000818:Animals; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000378:metabolism*; D012869:Skin Absorption; D013997:Time Factors; D014835:Volatilization
D007302:Insect Repellents