Incidence of mitral valve prolapse in adolescent scoliosis and thoracic hypokyphosis.
Seventy-four patients with adolescent scoliosis underwent cardiac examination and M-mode echocardiography to detect the presence of mitral valve prolapse (MVP). Twenty-one (28%) had echocardiographic evidence of MVP, whereas 18 had auscultatory findings of a nonejection click or late systolic murmur. A subset of 41 patients had a family history of scoliosis and 37% had MVP. The incidence of MVP increased to 41% when a first degree relative, such as a sibling, parent, or offspring, had scoliosis. Thirty-six patients with scoliosis had additional thoracic hypokyphosis (straight back) and 13 (36%) had MVP. The incidence of MVP was 48% when the scoliosis and hypokyphosis were hereditary and increased to 53% when a familial history of skeletal abnormality was present. This study indicates a high incidence of MVP in patients with scoliosis and hypokyphosis, especially when the cardiac and skeletal systems may be affected by a generalized soft-tissue defect.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007738:Kyphosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008945:Mitral Valve Prolapse / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae