Ethical issues in childbirth.
Medical intervention in childbirth raises a number of ethical issues which have received too little attention in American obstetrics. A number of these issues are surveyed in the first section of this essay. In the second section, the hospital and the roles characteristically ascribed to patients, staff, and obstetrical practitioners are shown to provide an unsatisfactory social setting for birth. Several proposals for improving existing arrangements or for providing alternatives are offered. It is argued that procedures for eliciting and maintaining fidelity to patient values for the birth experience are crucial elements in acceptable care.
D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000379:methods*; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000379:methods*; D009775:Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration; D010344:Patient Advocacy; D011247:Pregnancy; D037841:Pregnant People; D012106:Research; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012945:Social Values; D014481:United States