title: High gentamicin trough concentrations in neonates of less than 28 weeks gestational age.
abstract: 77 newborns, ranging from 25.5 to 43 weeks gestational age (GA) and receiving gentamicin, were studied prospectively over 4 months. Peak and trough serum concentrations were obtained on days 1, 3, and 5 of therapy. Gentamicin, 2.5 mg/kg/dose, was given at intervals according to GA. 63% of newborns of less than 28 weeks on doses of gentamicin of 2.5 mg/kg every 24 h (q24h), 75% of less than 28 weeks on gentamicin q18h, 90% of newborns of 23-34 weeks (on q18h), and 82% of those of greater than 34 weeks GA (on q12h) had serum gentamicin trough concentrations less than or equal to 2.0 micrograms/ml on day 1. By day 3, 5/5 newborns of less than 28 weeks (q18h) had trough concentrations greater than 2.0 micrograms/ml, whereas only 20% of those on the q24h regimen had high trough concentrations (p less than 0.05). Possible risk factors associated with altered gentamicin disposition in neonates are discussed.
mesh_terms: D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D005839:Gentamicins