title: Treating migraine by training in temporal artery vasoconstriction and/or cognitive behavioral coping: a one-year follow-up.
abstract: A one-year follow-up on 16 chronic migraine patients treated with vasoconstriction biofeedback of the temporal arteries (VT) or cognitive behavioral stress coping training (CT), or one of two serial variations of them, is reported: there were four experimental groups EG-1a: VT, 10 sessions; EG-1b: Vt, 5 sessions and CT, 5 sessions; EG-11a: CT, 10 sessions; EG-11b: CT, 5 sessions and VT, 5 sessions. Another group of 4 migraine patients was assigned to a waiting control. All treatment groups decreased the frequency, duration and intensity of headaches, as well as amount of medication from baseline to the one-year follow-up. However, there were no differences between the groups (the controls were not followed-up). During treatment, but not at follow-up 1 (two months after therapy), voluntary vasoconstriction was higher in EG-1a than in EG-11a, although all EGs vasoconstricted. Voluntary vasoconstriction was not tested at one-year follow-up. The cognitive training groups improved more in self-ratings of irritability, depression and positive self-evaluation than the biofeedback or control groups on follow-up 1, but this difference was not maintained at one year. All treatment groups showed deterioration in measure of excitement and depression, returning to pre-treatment levels. Improvements in irritability and positive-self-evaluation were however sustained at one year follow-up.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D013699:Temporal Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014661:Vasoconstriction