Carbon-7 substituted actinomycin D analogues as improved antitumor agents: synthesis and DNA-binding and biological properties.
7-(2,3-Epoxypropoxy)actinomycin D has been synthesized along with its major companion product, 7-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)actinomycin D. They were characterized by UV-visible and CD spectra and by NMR studies. According to UV-visible absorptiometry, circular dichroism, and thermal denaturation studies, they bind to DNA in a manner that is comparable to actinomycin D. The analogues are, like actinomycin D, extremely cytotoxic to human lymphoblastic leukemic cells (CCRF-CEM) in vitro but are significantly less toxic than actinomycin D to normal CDF1 mice is vivo. Unlike actinomycin, these analogues are metabolized in rats, and the metabolites are excreted in rat urine at a rapid rate. Compared to actinomycin D, the antitumor activity of the 7-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)actinomycin analogue against P-388 leukemia in mice is decidedly superior, and the therapeutic index is improved several fold.
D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007942:Leukemia, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009691:Nucleic Acid Denaturation
D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D003609:Dactinomycin; C042897:7-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)actinomycin D; D004247:DNA