title: Route-dependent, organ-specific effects of carcinogens on induction of hyperplastic liver nodules in rats.
abstract: The inductions of hyperplastic liver nodules (HN) by four carcinogens were examined by their administration continuously and repeatedly by intragastric (i.g.), intraperitoneal (i.p.), intravenous (i.v.) and/or subcutaneous (s.c.) injections before (initiation stage) or after (promotion stage) exposure to N-2-fluorenylacetamide (2-FAA) in male F344 rats. Diethylnitrosamine (DEN), a water-soluble hepatocarcinogen, and 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminobenzene (3'-Me-DAB), a water-insoluble hepatocarcinogen, markedly increased development of HN when administered by any route in both stages. However, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), a water-soluble non-hepatocarcinogen, and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a water-insoluble non-hepatocarcinogen, increased HN slightly by all or some of the routes of application only in the initiation stage. The influence of the administration route was more evident with water-insoluble compounds in the promotion stage and with non-hepatocarcinogens in the initiation stage.
mesh_terms: D015073:2-Acetylaminofluorene / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000139:chemically induced; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008749:Methyldimethylaminoazobenzene / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009928:Organ Specificity; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D008749:Methyldimethylaminoazobenzene; D015073:2-Acetylaminofluorene