title: Effects of phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene on the in vivo distribution, metabolism and covalent binding of 4-ipomeanol in the rat; implications for target organ toxicity.
abstract: The effects of phenobarbital (PB) and 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) on the distribution, metabolism and covalent binding of 4-ipomeanol were examined in the rat. An analysis of tissue extracts by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that both treatments markedly decreased the concentrations of unmetabolized 4-ipomeanol at all times examined. PB treatment increased the urinary excretion of nonbound 4-ipomeanol metabolites, while MC treatment did not alter their excretion. Analysis of urine by HPLC indicated that the increased concentration of urinary metabolites found in the phenobarbital-treated rats was attributable primarily to an increased excretion of ipomeanol-4-glucuronide. These data indicate that the decreased pulmonary covalent binding and lethality of 4-ipomeanol in the rat after MC and PB were caused by alterations in the tissue distribution of the parent compound. Pulmonary concentrations of unmetabolized 4-ipomeanol were decreased by MC through an increased metabolism of 4-ipomeanol in the liver, primarily to toxic products that bind covalently in that tissue and lead to hepatoxicity. PB produced a similar decrease in unmetabolized 4-ipomeanol concentrations in lung but by an enhanced in vivo metabolism and clearance of 4-ipomeanol, primarily through a "nontoxic" pathway, glucuronidation, and did not lead to hepatotoxicity.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008748:Methylcholanthrene / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013729:Terpenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D013729:Terpenes; D008748:Methylcholanthrene; C001470:4-ipomeanol; D010634:Phenobarbital