Association of varicella, myocarditis, and congestive cardiomyopathy.
A retrospective study of children dying with active varicella revealed 11 of 17 cases who had unsuspected interstitial myocarditis at the time of their death. In addition, a prospective study of 6 children, consecutively admitted to the hospital with active varicella, were evaluated for evidence of cardiac dysfunction by echocardiography, ECG, and serum enzyme levels. All 6 children had Reye's syndrome in association with active varicella. Evidence of myocardial involvement, consistent with acute congestive cardiomyopathy, was documented in 4 of the 6 children. This study suggests that the heart is commonly involved in varicella infections and that cardiac involvement should be considered in children with this disease.
D000293:Adolescent; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D002644:Chickenpox / Q000150:complications*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004452:Echocardiography; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012202:Reye Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology