Cardiovascular birth defects and antenatal exposure to female sex hormones.
The etiological correlations of congenital heart diseases to antenatal exposure of pregnant women to sex hormones were studied retrospectively. Of a total of 15,535 women who delivered between the years 1975-1977, 91 had babies with congenital heart disease (frequency 5.80/00). From these babies 11 were born to 559 mothers who had taken during pregnancy hormones of the estrogen-progesterone type (frequency 190/00). The remaining 80 babies were born to 14,976 mothers who had not taken such hormones (frequency 50/00). The main reason for having been given hormones were: bleeding of the first trimester in 80%, and the pregnancy test in 20%. Both groups of mothers had the same possibility for being affected by factors causing congenital heart diseases. An attempt is made to correlate the structure of the hormones given, the cause and time of the administration, the outcome of the newborn, and the type of heart disease.
D004967:Estrogens / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000009:adverse effects
D004967:Estrogens; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D011374:Progesterone