Monozygotic twins discordant for exstrophy of the urinary bladder.
A pair of monozygotic male twins discordant for ectopia vesicae urinariae is described. There is no reason to think that any exogenic factors contributed to the aetiology. There was no consanguinity and no history of congenital anomalies on either side of the family. Published reports concerning family incidence and twin reports are reviewed.
D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects; D004200:Diseases in Twins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D014427:Twins; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000002:abnormalities*; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics
D003276:Contraceptives, Oral