title: Phase II trial cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (CAP) in the treatment of urothelial transitional cell carcinoma.
abstract: Patients with advanced transitional cell cancer of the bladder, urethra, or renal pelvis were treated with a combination of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin. Fifteen patients were evaluated, 12 of whom had cancer of the urinary bladder. Metastatic sites were bone (47% of the patients); lung (33%) pelvis (27%); liver (20%); nodes (7%); and brain (7%). Only two patients (13%) achieved a partial response (in measurable node and lung lesions) and survived 16 and 58 weeks. Three patients (20%) had minor responses (in measurable bone, pelvis mass, and bone and local lesions) and survived 8, 28, 102+ weeks, respectively. Four patients had stable disease and six had disease progression, with a median survival of 4 weeks. Overall toxic effects were leukopenia (53% of the patients); thrombocytopenia (27%); nausea and vomiting (67%); alopecia (60%); and renal (13%). We concluded that the response rate to the combination of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin in transitional cell cancer of the urothelium was not superior to the reported response rate ot a single agent (eg, cisplatin), and toxicity was greater.
mesh_terms: D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D002945:Cisplatin