title: [Useful and superfluous measures in the treatment of infant diarrhea].
abstract: In acute diarrhea of infancy we distinguish between infectious and noninfectious causes. In the latter we know some autosomal recessive disorders, e.g. the glucose-galactose-malabsorption, the lactase deficiency as well as the sucrase-isomaltase deficiency. In addition the most frequent acquired disorders like the cow's milk protein intolerance and celiac disease contribute also to the group of noninfectious causes of diarrhea. Here the most effective therapy consists of the elimination of the toxic agent from the diet. In infectious diarrhea we find most frequently rotavirus as the agent but also yersinia, campylobacter fetus, salmonella, shigella, E. coli, lamblia giardia and entameba hystolytica. Generally a conservative treatment with a dietetic regimen is preferred. Only in severe cases with yersinia and campylobacter infection the addition of antibiotic drugs is necessary. Giardia lamblia and amebiasis however have to be treated with metronidazol. As the absorption of glucose is coupled with that of sodium within the small intestine in acute gastroenteritis we find a combined disturbance between salt and carbohydrate absorption. A solution containing glucose and salt is recommended therefore for oral rehydration. The amount administered within the first 24 hours should be between 150-250 ml/kg per day. So called "antidiarrhoic drugs" are questionably effective.
mesh_terms: D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000150:complications; D025063:Chromosome Disorders; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000178:diet therapy; D003968:Diarrhea, Infantile / Q000628:therapy*; D004404:Dysentery, Amebic / Q000188:drug therapy; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008286:Malabsorption Syndromes / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D008795:Metronidazole; D012964:Sodium; D014295:Trimethoprim; D005947:Glucose; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole
vernacular_title: Sinnvolles und Uberflüssiges in der Behandlung der Diarrhoe im Kindesalter.