title: Tobacco-induced changes in oral leukoplakic epithelium.
abstract: A study of 112 biopsy specimens from Danish oral leukoplakia patients and 145 biopsy specimens from Indian leukoplakia patients revealed a chevron-like keratinization of the epithelium in a number of cases. Clinically, this type of keratinization was often characterized by a pumice-like appearance. The clinical and histologic changes were only observed in tobacco users, and appeared to be associated particularly with use of pipes, snuff, and hooklis.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003718:Denmark; D004848:Epithelium / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007972:Leukoplakia, Oral / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D010241:Parakeratosis / Q000473:pathology; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000473:pathology; D012907:Smoking; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless