title: Systemic lupus erythematosus in Chinese: the Singapore experience.
abstract: A clinical survey of idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was conducted in 183 Chinese patients from 1970-1980. The major initial manifestations were skin and mucous membrane involvement (52%), fever and malaise (48%), arthritis and arthralgia (44%). Renal and neuropsychiatric involvements are described in some detail. Five-year survival was 70% and 10-year survival was 60%. The three major causes of death were renal, neurologic and infective. Factors contributing to this relatively high mortality compared with Western series are discussed.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012846:Singapore