title: Clonal analysis of the change in growth phenotype during embryonal carcinoma cell differentiation.
abstract: Retinoic acid has been shown to induce the differentiation of mouse embryonal carcinoma cells. Previous workers have reported that bulk cultures of the differentiated derivatives have a slower growth rate and a reduced capacity to form tumours. We have analysed this change in growth rate for a sub-tetraploid EC cell line, PC13 clone 5 MA2, at a clonal level and have shown that the production of cells with a slower growth rate is not a result of cell selection. We have also demonstrated that the action of retinoic acid on growth rate is delayed for approximately 48 h and that the new growth phenotype, once attained, is stable. Finally we have confirmed at a clonal level that the differentiated derivatives of EC cells exposed to retinoic acid have a reduced capacity to form tumours. Clones of EC cells exposed to retinoic acid for longer than 96 h are unable to form tumours in a 30-day period, whilst 87% of their untreated counterparts are able to do so.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival; D002999:Clone Cells; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype; D013724:Teratoma / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014212:Tretinoin