title: The relationship between hormonal pregnancy tests and congenital anomalies: a prospective study.
abstract: In a prospective study of some 20,000 pregnancies in the Child Health and Development Studies in the San Francisco East Bay area, 226 gravidas were tested for pregnancy with estrogen/progestogen preparations. The two control groups were women who were tested for pregnancy by either a serum or urine test. There were no statistically differences (p greater than 0.05) in the rates of severe congenital anomalies between the hormone test group and the two control groups. The relative risks and the 95% confidence intervals were 1.01 (0.47-2.19) for the hormone/serum test comparison and 1.60 (0.60-4.18) for the hormone/urine test comparison.
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; D000328:Adult; D002140:California; D004967:Estrogens / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011258:Pregnancy Tests / Q000379:methods*; D011372:Progestins / Q000009:adverse effects; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D011372:Progestins