title: Pharmacologic characteristics of Meige dystonia: differentiation from tardive dyskinesia.
abstract: Idiopathic orofacial dyskinesia, also called Brueghel's syndrome, blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia, and Meige dystonia, is characterized by involuntary facial movements. Since this disorder can be difficult to distinguish from tardive dyskinesia, we have generated a neuropharmacologic profile of Meige dystonia. Symptoms were improved by antagonists of both dopamine and acetylcholine and worsened by the cholinergic agonist physostigmine, consistent with a hypothesis of relative excess in both dopamine and acetylcholine neuronal activities. Since tardive dyskinesia is hypothesized to be characterized by dopamine excess and acetylcholine deficiency, a physostigmine infusion may help differentiate these two disorders by exacerbating Meige dystonia but improving tardive dyskinesia.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000502:physiology; D001764:Blepharospasm / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004421:Dystonia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010830:Physostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D010830:Physostigmine; D000109:Acetylcholine; D004298:Dopamine