title: Post-milking iodine teat skin disinfectants. I. Bactericidal efficacy.
abstract: An iodine teat skin disinfectant tested in lactating cows over a range of concentrations, 100 to 10 000 mg available iodine/l(mgavI/l) was found bactericidally effective against Staphylococcus aureus when containing 1000 mg avI/l or greater. Against Streptococcus dysgalactiae 5000 mg avI/l or greater was bactericidally effective. The addition of glycerine to a disinfectant containing 5000 or 1000 mg avI/l at levels of 225 ml/l and 105 ml/l, respectively, resulted in a reduction in bactericidal efficacy of the disinfectant. Emulsified paraffin added at concentrations of between 50 and 500 ml/l had no effect on the efficacy of the 5000 mg avI/l disinfectant, but the addition of 200 ml/l emulsified paraffin to a 1000 mg avI/l disinfectant significantly reduced its efficiency. Iodine disinfectants containing emulsified paraffin phase separated rapidly during storage, and the bactericidal efficacy of the phases differed significantly and diminished with time.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005990:Glycerol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007455:Iodine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007774:Lactation; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010232:Paraffin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010232:Paraffin; D007455:Iodine; D005990:Glycerol