title: Nephrolithiasis: causes, classification, and management.
abstract: The specific biochemical cause of calcium stone formation can now be reliably identified in close to 80% of cases. By permitting treatment to be targeted to the underlying condition, this has, in recent years, resulted in a documented reduction in stone recurrence. Less common types of nephrolithiasis--uric acid, cystine, and struvite stone formation--are also discussed and their management outlined.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000209:etiology; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D002129:Calcium Oxalate