title: How fibroblasts and giant cells encapsulate implants: considerations in design of glucose sensors.
abstract: Implanted sensors ideally should measure glucose in an extracellular fluid that closely reflects changing concentrations of glucose in plasma; yet fibroblasts, fibrocytes, collagen, and giant cells provide adherent, impermeable, avascular barriers when they encapsulate irregularly-surfaced implants. Thus, sensor design should seek to provide a surface configuration that is without anchoring points for encapsulating cells, a consideration not unlike those posed in developing a nonthrombogenic surface. Examples of well-characterized host responses to various surface configurations are provided to illustrate how surface design features can avoid evoking a barrier of collagen as the host response to the sensor.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004566:Electrodes; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D006097:Granulation Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005947:Glucose