The sloping alveolar plateau at synchronous ventilation.
We performed model calculations on the slope of the alveolar plateau at single breath washout of helium (He) and sulphurhexafluoride (SF6). Calculations wre carried out on an extensible axis-symmetric lung model, which was synchronously ventilated either equally or unequally. The calculated slopes of the alveolar plateau were small (<0.3%), which is in agreement with the results of other investigators. However, calculations carried out on a synchronously equally ventilated axis-asymmetric lung model related to the terminal lung unit (acinus), yielded slopes for the alveolar plateau ranging from 0 up to 14% per liter between 1.2 and 1.8 1 expired volume. Even with a post inspiratory apnea of 1 s, we still found slopes ranging from 0--4%. Our findings are in contrast to the conclusions of Engel et al. (1979), who ascribe the slope of the alveolar plateau to asynchronous unequal ventilation.
D003201:Computers; D005652:Functional Residual Capacity; D006801:Humans; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000502:physiology*; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation; D012126:Respiratory Dead Space; D014692:Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio