Lymphocyte reactivity contributes to protection conferred by specific antibody passively transferred to herpes simplex virus-infected mice.
Passively acquired immunity to herpes simplex virus (HSV) was studied in antithymocyte serum (ATS)-treated mice and athymic nude mice to determine whether immunocompetent lymphocytes contribute to the protection observed after transfer of HSV-specific antibody to infected animals. Mice were given three intraperitoneal injections of 0.1 ml of ATS at 24-h intervals. This treatment reduced concanavalin A and lipopolysaccharide stimulation of lymphocytes harvested from these animals by 90% when compared with the stimulation of lymphocytes harvested from untreated animals. It was found that intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 ml of specific antibody 8 h after corneal HSV type 1 infection or subcutaneous HSV type 2 infection did not protect ATS-treated animals from virus infection. Specific antibody passively transferred to ATS-treated animals 8 and 120 h postinfection also failed to protect lymphocyte-depleted animals from HSV. However, ATS-treated animals were protected from HSV infection by passively acquired antibody when lymphocytes harvested from these animals regained 80% of their ability to be stimulated with concanavalin A and lipopolysaccharide. It was also found that specific antibody conferred protection to nude mice infected with HSV only if they were first reconstituted with syngeneic thymus cells 48 h before infection. The results suggest that both antiviral antibody and thymus-derived lymphocytes contribute to the recovery of HSV-infected hosts after passive immunization.
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology*; D007106:Immune Sera; D007112:Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000637:transplantation; D013997:Time Factors; D014185:Transplantation, Isogeneic
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007106:Immune Sera