title: Orientation in endoscopy.
abstract: This paper is intended to help the beginner endoscopist learn to interpret the orientation of the object seen through the endoscope. This is applicable only to an endoscope with a reflecting (side view) prism at its distal end, such as a cystoscope. A proposed counterrotation device for turning the image upright is described.
mesh_terms: D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*