title: Nitrosation of orally administered drugs under simulated stomach conditions.
abstract: Of a total of 61 drugs considered to be potentially nitrosatable on the basis of their chemical structure, 7 have indeed been nitrosated in gastric juice at pH 2 and under simulated human stomach conditions, where the pH was varied from about 7 to 2 within 60 min. The 7 nitrosatable drugs were ethambutole, despiramine hydrochloride, clomipramine hydrochloride, phenoxymethyl penicillin, aminophenazone, piperazine diadipate and analgine. Inhibition of nitrosation under simulated stomach conditions was also investigated using ascorbic acid, sulfanilamide, p-aminosalicylic acid and sulfamic acid. The first three agents were effective inhibitors, whereas sulfamic acid stimulated nitrosation within a distinct pH range.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005750:Gastric Juice; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D009573:Nitrites; D009603:Nitroso Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000378:metabolism*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D009573:Nitrites; D009603:Nitroso Compounds; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D001205:Ascorbic Acid