The pathophysiology of disorders of oxygen transport in the infant.
The major attempt in this monograph has been to provide a systematic approach to OT in the infant under normal and abnormal conditions based on an appreciation of pathophysiologic mechanisms. This has included a consideration of oxygen uptake, gas transfer from the lungs to the circulation, oxygen delivery to the tissues, and various adaptive responses. We have discussed disorders involving the control of respiration, the upper and lower airways, lung parenchyma, pulmonary circulation, heart, and the oxygen carrier, hemoglobin, that may impair OT to tissues, and how compensation for these conditions can be achieved. The clinical presentation in each of these pathologic processes represents the net effect of the lesion on the multiple steps involved in the transport of oxygen to the tissues and the adaptation provided by the lungs, heart, circulation, and hematologic system. These must be taken into account in developing a plan for medical and/or surgical treatment that is focused on improving the supply of oxygen to the various organ systems of the body.
D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*