Orientation in endoscopy.
This paper is intended to help the beginner endoscopist learn to interpret the orientation of the object seen through the endoscope. This is applicable only to an endoscope with a reflecting (side view) prism at its distal end, such as a cystoscope. A proposed counterrotation device for turning the image upright is described.
D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*