title: Steroidogenesis in experimentally induced atretic follicles of the hamster: a shift from estradiol to progesterone synthesis.
abstract: The effects of phenobarbital-delayed ovulation on in vitro steroidogenesis and aromatase activity of LH-stimulated preovulatory follicles was ascertained in the cyclic hamster. After 3 days of ovulatory delay, antral follicles exhibited early signs of atresia (degenerating granulosa cells and pyknotic nuclei within oocytes). On days 2 and 3 of delay, LH-stimulated follicles produced more progesterone (P 15--20 ng P/follicle . 90 min) in vitro than control proestrous follicles (2.5 ng P/follicle . 90 min). Concomitant with the increase in LH-stimulated P production was a decline in the in vitro production of androstenedione (A) and estradiol (E2) on day 2 (A, 5 ng/follicle . 90 min; E2, 4 ng) and day 3 (1 ng A, less than 0.2 ng E2)-proestrous controls: 8 ng A or E2/follicle . 90 min. The steroidogenic profile of 1-day delayed follicles was similar to proestrous controls. A similar E2-P shift was observed in vitro when the steroidogenic profile of preovulatory follicles on the morning of proestrus (2.5 ng P, 8 ng A or E2) was compared with post-LH surge follicles (25 ng P, less than 1 ng A or E2) and with new corpora lutea (36 ng P, less than 0.2 ng A, less than 1 pg E2). A slight increase in the aromatizing activity of follicles was observed on days 1 and 2 of delay. However, atretic antral follicles (day 3 of delay) exhibited an aromatizing capacity similar to that of proestrous controls. Collectively, these results indicate that the loss of E2-synthesizing capacity in atretic antral follicles (induced by ovulatory delay) is due to the lack of A precursor. In addition, the results indicate that phenobarbital-delayed ovulation induces a shift from E2 to P synthesis in 3-day delayed follicles (early atretic). This E2-P shift is similar to that in Graafian follicles on the afternoon of proestrus but occurs at a much slower rate.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001141:Aromatase / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D004958:Estradiol / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D007700:Kinetics; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D008647:Mesocricetus; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology; D011374:Progesterone / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D001141:Aromatase; D010634:Phenobarbital