Immune responses to labial infection of BALB/c mice with herpes simplex virus type 1.
The kinetics of appearance of five humoral antibody responses (micro-neutralization assay [NT], complement fixation [CF], enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA], radioimmunoassay [RIA], antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity [ADCC]), were compared during labial infection of BALB/c mice with herpes simplex virus type 1 strain Patton. The ELISA/RIA antibody responses were present in most mice by day 5 after infection, at the beginning of the herpetic lip lesions; antibody effective in ADCC showed identical early kinetics. In contrast, NT/CF antibodies were not detected in most mice until day 10, at the time of resolution of the herpetic lip lesions. The humoral immune responses persisted for at least 6 months after infection. The NT and CF responses were closely correlated in time of appearance and titers (r = 0.9), as were the ELISA and RIA responses (r = 0.99). However, there was little correlation between NT/CF and ELISA/RIA responses (r = 0.02). The kinetics of the delayed type hypersensitivity response showed similar kinetics of appearance to the ELISA/RIA/ADCC humoral responses, and peaked similarly, but waned gradually over 2 months. The importance of antibody in protection against labial herpes simplex virus type 1 infection was demonstrated by the ability of passively transferred convalescent serum (that produced a minimum NT titer of 10 in recipient mice) to protect against development of herpetic lesions and death.
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003168:Complement Fixation Tests; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000382:microbiology*; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000276:immunology; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D007700:Kinetics; D008047:Lip Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011863:Radioimmunoassay
D000914:Antibodies, Viral