title: An algorithm for computing astigmatic refractive errors from ocular parameters.
abstract: Calculation of total refractive astigmatism by analyzing refractive parameters of the individual components can be very tedious, especially when the principal meridians among all the components are not orthogonal. A straightforward programming algorithm for accomplishing these calculations is presented. The algorithm is applicable to any programmable device which performs trigonometric functions.
mesh_terms: D001251:Astigmatism / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003201:Computers; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000379:methods*