title: Induction of sister-chromatid exchanges, cell-cycle delay and chromosomal aberrations by human urine concentrates.
abstract: Human urine concentrates, prepared with the use of XAD-2 resin, are shown to be potent inducers of sister-chromatid exchanges, and especially of chromosomal damage and cell-cycle delay in Chinese hamster ovary cells. No indications for differences in mutagenic activity were found between concentrates prepared from the urine of smokers, non-smokers or patients with alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver. These effects were obtained without metabolic activation in vitro. Experiments including variations in preparative procedures indicate that a quick saturation of the resin by non-polar compounds from human urine may lead to an underestimation of the amount of mutagenic substances in a given urine sample.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000187:drug effects*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D003434:Crossing Over, Genetic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009153:Mutagens / Q000032:analysis*; D010053:Ovary; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange; D014556:Urine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens